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篇1： 表语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
(1) 表语从句
1． 定义：用作________的从句叫做表语从句。
2． 构成：________ +简单句
3． 引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
(1) 引导陈述句的________。
(2) 引导选择疑问句的________, ________。
(3) 引导特殊疑问句的________, ________, ________。
（4）引导原因表语从句的________.
（5）其他________, ________.
（2）主语从句
1． 定义：用作________的从句叫做主语从句。
2． 构成：________ +简单句
3． 引导主语从句的关联词有三类：
(1) 引导陈述句的________。
(2) 引导特殊疑问句的________, ________, ________, ________, ________,。
（3）引导选择疑问句的________, ________。
（4）代替真正主语的形式主语是_______。
（3）宾语从句
1． 定义：用作________ 的从句叫宾语从句。
2． 构成：________ +简单句
3． 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：
(1) 引导陈述句的________.
(2) 引导选择疑问句的________, ________.
（3）引导特殊疑问句的________, ________, ________, ________.
4．否定转移的单词有哪些？
认为________ 假设________ 相信________
5． 宾语从句的时态变化规律：
A. did B. had done C. do D. does E will do
(1) 当主句是do/deoes时，从句可用_______________________
（4）同位语从句
1． 定义：用作______的从句叫做同位语从句。
2． 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为______, ______, ______, ______, ______, ______.
3．引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
(1) 引导陈述句的________.
(2) 引导选择疑问句的________.
（3）引导特殊疑问句的________, ________.
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇2：表语 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
表语
一、教学目标
通过本章学习, 使学生明白表语的概念及表语的用法。
二、教学重点和难点
不定式、分词、动名词作表语及表语从句。
三、教学方法
1．在谓语一章中我们已分析过表语, 最常见的是 be动词及 become。
2．在使用中我们常见到不定式用在be动词后边作表语。由于不定式表明一个具体的动作, 当放在be动词后边时表示即将要去做的事。请将下列句子翻译成汉语并作分析：
3．
A．The news sounds inspiring.
B．His absence is disappointing.
C．We are interested in the story.
D．After a long walk, we all felt tired.
E．He has got married.
一般来说～ing形式作表语表示主语的特征, 具有影响别人的能力；～ed形式作表语表示受到影响而呈现的状态。
4．A句是动名词作表语, 表示主语job的内容。
B句是现在分词作表语, 表示主语result 的特征。
动名词与现在分词作表语的不同就是前者是表内容, 后者是表特征。
5．这是一个含有主语从句和表语从句的复合句, 在后边的章节中会作进一步阐述。
1．表语表明主语的身份、状态、样子、方位、处所, 除了be, become这两个系动词外, 还有一些本身既是行为动词又是系动词的词。
2．
A．I am to go to town.
我要进城。
B．My work is to clean the classroom.
我的工作是打扫教室。
3．A．这消息听起来挺鼓舞人心的。是现在分词作表语, 表示本身具有影响别人的特征。
B．他的缺席令人失望。与上句一样表示主动。
C．我们对这故事感兴趣。过去分词作表语, 表示故事有趣, 使得我们对它感兴趣, 因此用过去分词。
D．走了一大段路, 我们都感到累了。过去分词作表语, 是走路使得我们累, 我们才感到累。
E．他结婚了。表示一状态, 过去分词作表语。 get married是个词组。
4．同样都是～ing 形式作表语, 遇到这样的句子, 怎样解释？
A．My job is running the machine.
B．The result is exciting.
5．如何理解下面这个句子？
Why he hasn't come is that he has something important to do at home.
四、精选题
1．The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult. [ ]
A．not makeB．not to make
C．not making D．do not make
2．Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour. [ ]
A．pay B．paying
C．paid D．to pay
3．Longjing tea, Jasmine tea and Wuyi tea are all famous, but which do you think ____ ? [ ]
A．tastes best B．smells most
C．drinks mostly D．sounds best
4．----Hello, Tom, where were you last night ?---- ____ . [ ]
A．To Brown's
B．To the Browns'
C．In Brown's
D．In the Browns'
5．Thank you very much indeed． That's ____ of you. [ ]
A．kindest B．most kind
C．the kinder D．the most kind
6．The meeting was put off, ____ was exactly ____ we wanted. [ ]
A．it；that B．as；that
C．which； what D．this ；what
7．His suit has become loose． He seems ____ weight. [ ]
A．to lose B．being lost
C．losing D．to have lost
8．----Did you enjoy yourself at the party？ [ ]
----Sorry to say I didn't． It was a meeting than a party.
A．more ofB．rather like
C．less of D．more or less
9．----Where is George？ He said he would meet me here at 3 O'clock. [ ]
----He seems ____ with Mr Brown in the office.
A．to talk
B．to be talking
C．to have talked
D．talking
10．They found there was ____ to weigh such an elephant. [ ]
A．big enough nothing
B．nothing enough big
C．enough nothing big
D．nothing big enough
答案：1～5 BCADB 6～10 CDABD
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇3：从句(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
从 句
(一)定语从句
(1)as可引起定语从句，常和such, same连用，有时可代表主句所表达的内容，译作“这一点”、“这件事”。
A. My hometown is no longer the same as it was.
B. Such people as you describe are very common now.
C. This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see.
D. As is announced in the papers, our country has launched another man-made earth satellite.
(2)表示地点的名词、表示时间的名词和表示原因的名词作先行词时，关系词不一定是where, when和why。如果它们在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时，则应用which。
I'll never forget the day when you said good-bye to me.
A.
October 1st, 1949 is a day which the Chinese people will never forget.
This is the room where he was born.
B.
This is the room which he bought four weeks ago.
This is the reason why she was absent yesterday.
C.
This is the reason which she gave for her absence yesterday.
(3)在定语从句中关系代词who, that, which等作主语时，谓语应与主句中先行词保持一致。
A. The man who is standing there looks worried.
B. Those who have seen the picture enjoy it very much.
He is one of those boys who are fond of music.
C.
He is the only one of those boys who is fond of music.
(4)定语从句通常和所修饰的先行词紧紧相连，但是如果主句的谓语部分很短，那么定语从句可放在谓语部分后面以保持句子的平衡。
A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.
但要注意“我把昨天买的书放在桌上”这个句子。
正：I put the books which I bought yesterday on the desk.
误：I put the books on the desk which I bought yesterday.
(5)当有二个或二个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，用that而不用who, whom, which。
The letter and the little boy that we had discovered disappeared again.
(二)状语从句
(1)注意连词as的一词多义：
A. He had to make a living by selling newspapers as he was only a little boy. (“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句)
B. As he was not well, I decided to go without him. (“由于、鉴于”，引导原因状语从句)
C. He is not the same man as he used to be. (“正如”，定语从句)
D. Things are not always as they seem. (表语从句)
E. Young as he is, he knows a lot. (“虽然，尽管”，让步状语从句)
F. Please state the facts as they are. (“按照，如同”，方式状语从句)
G. The work is not so easy as you imagine. (“像……一样”，比较状语从句)
(2)表示条件的状语从句除由if和whether引导外，还可由unless, suppose, in case, so(as)long as, on condition(that), provided(that)引导，并注意在条件状语从句中不能用将来式。
A. We shall go outing unless it snows.
B. You'll get there in time so long as the bus doesn't break down.
C. You can borrow the book on condition that you do not lend it to anyone else.
D. Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget.
E. Suppose he is absent, what shall we do?
F. I will go provided that my expenses are paid.
(3)whatever相当于no matter what, whenever相当于no matter when，以此类推，可引导让步状语从句。
Whatever happens, we're determined to fulfill the task.
A.
No matter what happens, we're determined to fulfill the task.
Whatever dictionary you have, lend it to me.
B.
No matter what dictionary you have, lend it to me.
注意：当whatever作名词性从句的连词时，就不能和no matter交换使用了。
正：Whatever she did is perfect.
误：No matter what she did is perfect.
正：Take whatever you want.
误：Take no matter what you want.
(4)where, when引导的从句，无先行词是状语从句，有先行词则是定语从句。
A. We'll go where the Party needs us. (地点状语从句)
We'll go to the place where the Party needs us. (定语从句)
B. He came when we needed help. (时间状语从句)
He came at a time when we needed help. (定语从句)
(5)while和when的区别
while和when都可作“当……的时候”解，都可引导时间状语从句。while后的从句中谓语动词只能用延续性动词，而when则瞬间动词和延续性动词都可用。
A. My mother entered the room while I was doing some sewing.
B. 正：When I had finished the work, I took a rest.
误：While I had finished the work, I took a rest.
While还可作“而，然而”解，when则没有这个意思。
A. Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative.
B. I am a late riser while my sister is an early bird.
when有时可作and then解，而while却不能。
A. I was wandering through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor's shop.
B. I went out for a walk, when I met John.
(6)though, when, while, if, till, until等引导的状语从句中的省略
当某些表示让步、方式、时间、条件的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同，且谓语动词又包含be动词，那么这种状语从句中的主谓都可省略。
A. The article is very important though(it is)short.
B. When still a boy of ten(When he was still a boy of ten), he started working to support himself.
C. Do not leave the machine till told to do so(till you are told to do so).
D. If (he is) too old to work much, the retired worker is very enthusiastic about neighborhood affairs.
E. While (he was) in school, Kim worked hard to study his chosen subject, computer science.
F. He acted as if (he was) certain of success.
固定词组if(when, where)necessary(possible)是if(when, where) it is necessary (possible)的省略形式。
A. Fill in the blanks with proper articles where(it is) necessary.
B. Whenever possible (Whenever it was possible), one of them would stop him, make him stand at attention and ask him the three questions.
(7)if作“如果”解，引导状语从句，此时应注意从句中谓语动词不能用将来式；if作“是否”解，引导宾语从句，从句中该用什么时态就用什么时态。
A. I don't know if he will come tomorrow. (“是否”，宾语从句)
B. If he comes tomorrow, I'll tell him about it. (“如果”，状语从句)
(三)主语从句
(1)当主语从句在意义上和语法上都完整的情况下，连词必不可少。
A. That she was chosen made us very happy.
B. That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.
当主语从句放在句首使句子显得笨重时，一般把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词it作形式主语。
A. It is strange that he didn't come yesterday.
B. It's not your fault that this has happened.
(2)表示“是否”的主语从句用whether引导，一般不用if引导。
A. Whether or not she will go is up to her to decide.
B. It is not yet known whether they will send a delegation to the conference.
(3)由连接代词(what除外)或连接副词引起的主语从句，可以直接放在句首作主语，也可放到句子后面，前面用it作形式主语。
When we shall have our discussion is still a question.
It is still a question when we shall have our discussion.
但如果句子是疑问形式，就只能用带it的结构了：
Has it been announced who will take part in this important job?
(4)无论主语从句有多长，一般作单数处理。
A. Whether we do it this or that way doesn't matter too much.
B. That you have achieved so much in such a short time is really something unthinkable.
(四)表语从句
(1)系动词后面的从句是表语从句。除be动词以外，常用的系动词还有：
A. 单纯表示一个特征或状态：feel, look, sound, taste, smell, seem, appear;
B. 表示由一种状态变为另一种状态：become, turn, get, grow, fall, go, come, run;
C. 保持某种状态：remain, continue, stay, keep, prove
(2)引导表语从句的连词是that, whether和as if
A. The fact remains that we are still behind the other classes.
B. The question is whether it is worth doing.
C. It looked as if it was going to snow.
(3)请注意“他没来学校的原因是因为他病了”这个句子。
误：The reason why he doesn't come to school is because he is ill.
正：The reason why he doesn't come to school is that he is ill.
(五)宾语从句
(1)宾语从句在双宾语中充当直接宾语。
A. Please advise me which book I should read first.
B. Mr. Smith explained to them that John had told him all about his past when he asked for a job in his factory.
C. You may ask the policeman how you can get to the Shanghai Indoor Stadium.
(2)在介词后面的宾语从句。
A. The Emperor was pleased by what the Prime Minister told him about the cloth.
B. The Swede stood quite still, except that his lips moved slightly.
C. The study also showed that, contrary to what many people believe, if you skip breakfast, you will not lose weight.
(3)带复合宾语的从句中，that引导的从句常常移到后部去，前面用it作形式宾语。
A. I took it for granted that they were not coming.
B. We all thought it a pity that our team should have lost the game.
C. They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.
(4)陈述部分带that从句作宾语时，作反意问句的疑问尾句应与主句的主谓保持一致。
A. I have told him many times that he should observe traffic regulations, haven't I?
B. You never told us why you were late for the last meeting, did you?
当陈述部分的主句是I think(suppose, believe, expect, imagine)时，反意问句的疑问尾句往往与that从句中的主谓保持一致。
A. I don't suppose he cares, does he?
B. I think you two have met before, haven't you?
(六)同位语从句
(1)同位语从句一般跟在某些名词(如idea, news, fact, promise, rumour, hope, belief,
thought, doubt, answer, message)后面，用以说明名词所表示的具体内容，用连词that或连接副词how, when, where等引导。
A. During the first hundred years of my stay in the sea, I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.
B. You have no idea how worried I was!
C. One of the men held the view that what the book said was right.
D. Braille had to face the fact that he would go to a special school for the blind in Paris.
(2)如果主句的谓语很短，为了保持句子平衡，可将谓语放在前面，而将同位语从句放在后面。
A. Several years later, word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.
B. News reached England that they were receiving little care.
(3)在on condition that, in spite of the fact that后的从句也是同位语从句。
A. I'll lend you this money on condition that you give it back in two months. B. He came to the meeting, in spite of the fact that he was very ill.
(4)定语从句和同位语从句的先行词都是名词，如果该引导词既在从句中充当成分，又能代替所修饰的先行词，则是定语从句；
如果该引导词在从句中不充当成分，或虽充当成分却不能代替所修饰的先行词，那么这个句子就是同位语从句。
He didn't tell us the date when he would start. (定语从句)
A.
I have no idea when he will start. (同位语从句)
Often, we read to discover facts that we didn't find in our first reading. (定语从句)
B.
The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. (同位语从句)
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇4：定语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
定语从句
一： 先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的词
二： 关系代词：用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词的代词。
先行词是物： which that
先行词是人： who that
在从句中的作用： 主语、宾语、表语
e.g. They had a radio. / It could send out messages.
They had a radio which/ that could send out message. (主语)
The girl is my best friend. / She spoke just now.
The girl who/ that spoke just now is my best friend. （主语）
He always buys some books. / He never read them.
He always buys some books (which/ that) he never read. (宾语)
注意点：
1.） 定语从句一般直接跟在先行词的后面：
e.g. The man who lives next door sells vegetables.
The man sells vegetables who lives next door. ( × )
The car which my uncle just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.
The car was destroyed in the earthquake which my uncle just bought. ( × )
2．）关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略：
e.g. The young man ( who ) you saw was our manager.
There is something ( that ) we must keep in mind.
3.) 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时， 关系代词只能用which 或 whom
e.g. The man is a famous runner. / You talked to him just now.
The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.
The chair is made of wood. / He is sitting on it now.
The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.
He is a library assistant. / I borrowed some books from him.
He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.
It is a famous school. / He graduated from it 3 years ago.
It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.
The service should be improved. / The students complain a lot about it.
The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.
有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：
e.g. He is the student. / The teachers are looking for him.
He is the student who the teachers are looking for.
The number of the children is 30. / She takes care of the children.
The number of the children who she takes care of is 30.
三： whose 的用法：
关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格，即“的”时，它既可以修饰指人的先行词，也可以修饰指物的先行词。
e.g. The girl is my daughter. / Her work got the first prize.
The girl whose work got the first prize is my daughter.
Do you know anyone? / His family is in Xi’an.
The book is not mine. / The cover of it is red.
I live in the room. / The windows of it face south.
The chair has been repaired. / The leg of it was broken.
四：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：
限制性定语从句：主句和从句不隔开，从句不能省略，否则就会失掉意义不能成立。
He is reading a book which is too difficult for him.
Here is the boy who damaged the glass.
非限制性定语从句：主句和从句用逗号隔开，从句对修饰的部分起到进一步说明的作用，拿掉后其它部分的语意仍保持完整。
e.g. The book is written by Guo Jinming, who is only 19 years old.
Bob’s father, who was an engineer, spent 4 years in Egypt.
Shanghai, which is developing fast, has become one of world’s trade center.
注意点：
非限制性定语从句不能用that引导.
e.g. She is very fond of French, which indeed she speaks quite well.
which还可以用来指代上文中的一件事情.
e.g. Their house is washed away by the floods, which made them very sad.
He lost his job finally, which was exactly what we wanted.
介词＋which:
The picture ______ he paid $100 was once owned by a king.
Can you think of a situation ________ this word can be used?
I’m grateful to him for that advice, ______ I owed all my success.
关系副词： when where why
当先行词是表示时间的名词，用when，在定语从句中充当时间状语，这时一般可以用介词＋which来代替:
e.g. I will never forget the day./ I went to university on that day.
I will never forget the day when/ on which I went to university.
He still remember the morning. / The earthquake happened on that morning.
He still remember the morning when/ on which the earthquake happened.
当先行词是表示地点的名词，用where，在定语从句中充当地点状语，这时一般可以用介词＋which来代替:
e.g. This is the house. / He used to live in the house.
This is the house where/ in which he used to live.
I know of a place. / We can swim in that place.
I know of a place where/ in which we can swim.
Is there any shop around? / I can buy a pen in the shop.
Is there any shop around where/ in which I can buy a pen.
先行词是表示原因的名词，即reason，用why，在定语从句中充当原因状语，这时一般可以用for ＋which来代替:
e.g. I don’t know the reason. / He did it for this reason.
I don’t know the reason why/ for which he did it.
The reason was not clear. / He was fired for it.
The reason why/ for which he was fired was not clear.
注意点：
当表示时间、地点和原因的名词在从句中不是作状语，而是在从句中作主语或宾语时，还是应用which/ that
e.g. This is the date _______ we’re proud of.
This is the date _______ he was born.
I will never forget the time ______ we spent together.
This is the factory _______ my mother works.
This is the factory _______ we visited last week.
Is this factory you visit last week?
A. the one B. where C. which D. that
This factory is the one (that/ which) you visit last week.
I don’t believe the reason _____ he gave for his decision.
Another reason _______ he made this decision is that he had to consider the feelings of others.
关系词的选择
A．只用that
a.当先行词是不定代词，如all, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none, the one等
All that can be done has been done.
I didn’t mean this one; I mean the one that was bought yesterday.
b.先行词（指物的）前面有only, few, one of, little, no, all, every, very等词修饰时
There’s no difficulty that we can’t overcome.
I’ve read all the books that can be borrowed here.
c.先行词被序数词first, last, next等或形容词的最高级修饰时
This is the first letter that I’ve written in Japanese.
She is the most careful girl that I’ve ever known.
d.当先行词既有人又有物时
They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.
The speaker talked of some writers and books that were unknown to us.
e.当先行词是系动词be后面的表语或关系词本身是从句的表语时
China isn’t the country that she used to be 50 years ago.
He is no longer the man that he used to be.
It’s a book that will help you a great deal.
f．当主句是以who, which或what开头的特殊疑问句时
Who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop?
Which is the car that overtook us yesterday?
g. 当主句以There be…结构开头时，或关系代词在there be…结构中作实义主语，先行项为物
There is a seat in the corner that is still free.
There are two tickets of the film that are for you.
The 9.15 is the fastest train that there has ever been.
h. 当先行词是what时
What did you hear that made you so angry?
i.当先行词是基数词时
Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.
B. 只用which
a. 在非限制性定语从句，充当主语或定语
They have three houses, which are built of stone.
b. 当关系代词前有介词时
This is the factory in which we once worked.
We study in the classroom of which the doors face south.
c．当先行词本身that是时
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?
d. 当关系代词后面带有插入语时
Here is the English grammar book which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
I’ve bought you some books which I think may interest you.
C.只用who不用that
a.先行词是one, ones或anyone时
One who does not work hard will never succeed.
Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
She is the only one of the students who has been to the USA.
b.先行词为those 或被those修饰，指人时
Those who learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed.
c.在以there be…的句子中，先行词为人时
There is a comrade outside who wants to see you.
d. 当定语从句中又有定语从句，且先行项都为人时
The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hard.
e.当指人的先行项被一些指物的名词修饰时
There ‘s only one student in the school who I want to see.
Do you know the woman in blue with a baby on her back who is working in the fields?
f. 在非限制性定语从句中指人
I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from America.
g.定语从句中有插入语时, 并不影响关系代词和副词的选择。
Jackson is a man who I believe is honest.
He won another award, which I think is the result of his hard work.
D.在定语从句中，whose作定语， 其先行项既可以是人，又可以是物
Lei Feng was a great communist fighter whose death was weightier than Mount Tai.
Where’s the window whose glass is broken?
E. 在定语从句，关系副词when, where, why与关系代词which, that的关系
July 1st, 1921 is the day that/which we Chinese should always remember.
This is the place that/which they visited last year.
Please give me a reason that/which could account for your absence.
I still remember the day when(=on which) I joined the army.
This is the room where(=in which) Luxun once lived.
Another reason why(=for which) he works hard is that he has pass the exam.
F. as, which的比较
a.在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语．如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用
They failed in the exam, as/which is natural.
She seems a scientist, as/which in fact she is.
Grammar is not a set of dead rules, which/as I have said before.
b.如从句在主句之前，用as
As we all know, his parents were killed in this war.
As is known to all, the earth travels around the sun.
c.如关系代词代表主句全句意思，有＂正如．．．＂＂就象．．．＂之意时，用as
We won the match, as we had expected.
He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected.
d. 当先行项被the same, such, so修饰时，用as
This is the same book as you bought yesterday.同类书 (比较：This is the same book that you bought yesterday.同一本书)
Don’t believe in such men as praise you to your face.
I never give my students so difficult a question as no one can work out.
e. 当从句内容对主句内容起消极作用，则用which
The young man cheated his friend out of much money, which was disgra 定语从句小结
. as 也可以用来引导非限制性定语从句， 用来指待一件事，这时它的位置可以放在句首、句中和句尾。
e.g. He is an American, as/which we know from his accent.
As we know from his accent, he is an American.
He, as we know from his accent, is an American.
As has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules.
Grammar, as has been said above, is not a set of rules.
Grammar is not a set of dead rules, as/which has been said above.
正如: As everyone knows, as you may still remember, as you said, as I can see, as has been mentioned above, as you may have heard, and etc.
定语从句的练习：
I passed him a glass of whiskey, ______ he drank at once.
He spoke to me in a way _______ I don’t at all like.
It is a famous university ________ he graduated 3 years ago.
Are you the lady ______ asked for help?
The service __________ students complain a lot should be improved.
He works in a college ______ students are all women.
The picture ______ he paid $100 was once owned by a king.
Can you think of a situation ________ this word can be used?
We can see very clearly the method ______ the computers work.
_______ he introduced just now, Dr. Baker is an expert in Biology.
I’m grateful to him for that advice, ______ I owed all my success.
This is the famous star ______ photos are on this magazine.
The science of medicine, ________ progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the science.
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇5：名词性从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
名词性从句
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，它们在复合句中的功用相当于名词，因此称为名词性从句，在句中分别作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
1．When he will come is still unknown.
2．I don’t know who has watered the fields.
3．The problem is that we need more money.
4．Have you heard the news that our team won the game?
1． 主语从句：在复合句中作句子主语的从句。
引导词：连词that、whether;疑问代词who, what, which;
疑问副词when, where, how, why
(1) 连词that（无词意）, whether(是否), 在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用; whether能引导主语从句，而if不能。
That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me.
Whether John will do this experiment remains a question.
（2）疑问代词who, what, which, 在从句中既作连接词又充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced.
What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well.
Which school will win the prize is not known.
Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown.
Whichever you take will be yours.
Whoever wants this book may take it.
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
(3)疑问副词when, where, how, why在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语
When they will start hasn’t been decided yet.
Where the heroine went is not mentioned at the end of the story.
How he managed to finish the composition in such a short time is still a mystery.
Why he often comes here is known to us all.
(4)用it作形式主语的主语从句常用的句型有：
It’s said that…
It is certain that…
It seems/ happens that…
It’s possible/ important/ necessary/ clear that…,该句型从句的谓语动词使用虚拟语气形式：should+动词原形。
It is necessary that we should learn some English grammar.
2.表语从句：在复合句中作句子表语的从句
引导词有that, whether, what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, because等
（1） 引导表语从句的that不省略，that仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何意义
The impression he makes on me is that he is a reliable person.
(2) the reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导，我们学生易犯“the reason is because…”的错误
The reason why the little actress has been such a success is that she is both clever and hard-working.
(3) 在表示命令order等，建议suggestion, advice等的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气：
should+动词原形，should可省略
His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the problem.
(4) whether可引导表语从句，表“是否”，它在从句中不充当成分，if不能引导表语从句。
The question is whether we can rely on him.
(5) 连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose除起连接作用外，还在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语。
That’s what he is worried about.（在从句作中宾语）
The problem is who can do the work.（在从句中作主语）
（6）连接副词when, where, why, how起连接作用外，还在从句中作状语。
That’s why I was late.
That is where he was born.
That is how he did it.
(6) 连词because引导表语从句，只用在
That/This/It is because…结构中
That is because she often works hard.
3．宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语的成分。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语，也可作动词不定式等非谓语动词形式的宾语，还可作某些形容词的宾语从句。
Jenny thought (that) her teacher was unfair.
I’d like to know which one is your husband.
I am sure (that) he won’t mind.
It all depends on whether they will support us.
4.同位语从句：一般跟在某些名词后面，用以解释或说明前面的名词的内容。经常带同位语从句的名词有fact, news, message, doubt, possibility, idea, reason, belief, hope, thought, promise, suggestion, question等。
引导词有连词that, whether；连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how等
（1） that, whether只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分。
The idea that England stands for fish& chips…is past.
There is no doubt that the price of cars will go down.
The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.(不能用if)
(2)连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how在从句中作相应成分。
He can’t answer the question how he got the money.
The question who should go abroad requires consideration.
I have no idea which one I should choose.
I’ve got a pretty good idea why they left early.
The question where we should go has not been discussed.
I have no idea when Jack will be back.
同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
We expressed the hope (that) they had expressed.
我们表达了他们曾经表达过的那种希望。（定语从句）
We expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.
我们表示希望他们再来中国访问。（同位语从句）
1） 从语法角度上看，引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何句子成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中作主语或宾语等句子成分。
2） 从语义角度上看，同位语从句与前面的名词hope是同位关系，表示hope的内容是they would come to visit China again。因而同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词作补充说明；而定语从句与它前面的名词是所属关系，表示“…的”（他们曾经表示过的），起修饰作用，因此定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词。
3） 同位语从句的连词that不能省略，而定语从句的关系代词that，当其在从句中作宾语中，可省略，作主语也不可省略。
I’ve heard the news that he visited our factory.
I’ve heard the news that he told you the other day.
The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.
The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.
The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇6：从句讲解定语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
从句讲解
定语从句
一。I 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）
The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
（which / that在句中作宾语）
II. 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。
There are occasions when （on which） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：
His father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
III.判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
判断改错：
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
答案：例1 D，例2 A
例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。
而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。
IV. 限制性和非限制性定语从句
1） 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：
This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
2） 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3） 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
V. 介词+关系词
1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
二。定语从句应注意问题
I。that, which区别
关系代词that的几种情况。
1． 先行词为all， everything， nothing， something， anything， little， few， much等不定代词时。先行词被all， each， few， much， every， no， some， any等不定代词修饰时。如： There is little that I can use． 几乎没有什么我能用的了。
All the books that you need are here． 你所需要的书都在这儿。
2．先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：
This is the first composition that he has written in English．这是他用英语写的第一篇作文。
4．先行词既有人又有物时。如：
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited． 他谈到了他曾拜访过的老师和学校。
5．主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时。如：
Who is the man that is speaking over there？ 在那里说话的人是谁？
6．先行词被the only，the very， the last等修饰时。如：
This is the very gun that I am looking for． 这正是我在找的枪。
7． 关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：
He is not the young man that he was thirty years ago．他已不是三十年前的那个年轻人了。
关系代词which
（1）在引导非限定性定语从句时(不能放句首)
He can speak English fluently，which impressed me most.他的英语讲得很流利，给我留下了深刻印象。
（2） 介词后
This is the house in which I have lived for 2 years.这就是我居住了两年的房子。
（3）在非限制性定语从句中，即可指一个词，也可指整个句子。
She married again, which was unexpected.
I lost my watch, which is not found yet.
II。which, as 区别
as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：
(1） as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
（2）the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
III。介词+关系代词
介词+whom（人）主，谓结构
介词+which（物）主，谓结构
（介词）+whose+名词+主，谓结构=and+介词+形容词形物主代词+名词+主谓结构
（介词）+which+名词+主，谓结构=and+介词+this或that +名词+主谓结构
He is the person to whom you can turn for help.
The pencil with which he was writing broke.
He is the man from whose house (=and from his house) the picture were stolen.
We traveled together to Paris, at which place(=and at this place) we parted company.
IV.分隔式定语从句
有些定语从句和现行词之间插入一个词组，短语或别的成分，叫做分隔式定语从句
He arrived Hangzhou in 1984, where he became manager 2 years later.
名词性从句
主语从句：应注意问题
1. 主语从句的语序
主语从句要求使用陈述句语序，而非一般疑问句语序。如：
What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.
How he was successful is still a puzzle.
2. 连接词的选用
（1）that和what的选用
that和what都可引导主语从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当某些成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接词作用。
What he wants is a book. That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
（2）if和whether的选用
引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。如：
Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
（3）其它连接代词和副词的选用
根据主语从句的具体意义，正确的选择who, which, when, where, why, how等连接词，这些连接词既有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。如：
When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided. Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear.
（4）whatever / whoever的功用
whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别
Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句）（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ）
Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句）（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ）
3. it构成的主语从句
（1）由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。
It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.
需要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：
It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack. （主语从句，有that，无逗号）
As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.
（定语从句，无that，有逗号）
（2）常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构
It is a fact （a good idea / a pity / a shame / no wonder / good news…）that…如：
It”s a pity that you missed the film.
你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。
It is necessary （clear / true / strange/ important / possible…）that…
需要注意的是，这类主语从句中，谓语动词很多为“（should）＋动词原形”，即要用虚拟语气。
It is necessary that you （should）master the computer.
It is important that a student learn English well.
It is reported （well-known / hoped / thought / expected /said /believed/decided /suggested /ordered…）that…如：
It is said that he was killed in the earthquake. 据说他在地震中丧生了。
It seems （happened / appears / doesn”t matter / makes no difference / …）that …
It seems that they will win the game.
看起来他们好像会赢得这场比赛。
It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.
他是否会参加会议都无关紧要。
4。主语从句连接词that不能省略 That he didn’t like her was obvious.
表语从句
定义：
A 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
The problem is puzzling.
主语 连系动词 形容词作表语
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句
B 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,
whether,how.
He has become a teacher.=He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
She has remained there for an hour.=She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
His suggestion is good.=His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
The question is confusing.=The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
why he cried yesterday.
how I can persuade her to join us in the party.
whether the enemy is marching towards us.
二 注意：
A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
B 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.
C 不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D that在表语从句中不可以省掉。
宾语从句 应注意问题
1. 引导词that的取舍
that引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中 that常可省略。但在下列情况下，引导宾语从句的that一般不省略。
1）当由两个或两个以上的that引导的从句作同一个动词或介词的宾语时，第二个以及以后从句中的that不宜省略。如：
He said（that）he couldn't tell you right away and that you wouldn't understand．
2）当动词think， make，feel，consider等后用it作形式宾语来代替that引导的宾语从句时。
We think it necessary that we should practise spoken English every day．
3）当that引导的宾语从句中的状语紧接that时。如：
He said that even if it rained，he would be able to come．
2．引导词whether和if的选用
二者引导宾语从句时，一般可换用。但在下列情况下，通常只能用whether而不能用if。
1）在引导词后紧接or not时。如：
We didn't know whether or not she was ready．比较We didn't know whether／if she was ready or not．）
2）当用if易引起歧义时。如：
Please let me know whether you like it．（若该句用if，也可理解为：如果你喜欢它，请告诉我。）
3. 从句中谓语动词时态的选择
一般地说，当主句谓语动词使用的是过去的时态时，后面宾语从句中的时态要受主句时态的限制，用相应的过去时态。但若宾语从句所表示的是客观真理（规律）或人和物的经常性、习惯性以及阶段性的动作或事实时，则从句的时态不受主句时态的限制。这种情况下从句常用一般现在时。
When I was a boy，my teacher told me that the earth is round．
He told me he goes to the park every day．
4．从句中使用虚拟语气的场合
1）在表示建议（suggest），要求（demand，insist）和命令（order）等动词后的宾语从句中，常用“（should）＋动词原形”的形式来表示虚拟语气。如：
I suggest that we（should）have a rest now．
2）表示愿望的wish后的宾语从句中须用虚拟语气。如：
I wish I could fly．（用过去式表示与现在事实相反的愿望）
I wish I had known it before．（用过去完成式表示过去未实现的愿望）
I wish you would stay a little longer．（用would或would ＋动词原形来表示将来的愿望）
5. 含宾语从句的疑难句型
1）I／We don't think ＋宾语从句
这是一个常见的否定转移句型。使用时常把宾语从句中的否定词not移至主句中，即主句谓语用否定式而从句谓语则用肯定式。该结构常译为“我（我们）认为……不……”。如：
We don't think there is anything of interest in your pictures． 2）疑问词（what，how，who等）＋do you think ＋其它句子成分
这是一个复杂特殊疑问句。它由一个一般疑问句（do you think）和一个特殊疑问句（疑问词＋其它句子成分）合并而成。如：
When do you think he will be back？你认为他会什么时候回来呢？
注：常用于上面两结构的主句动词除think外，还有believe，suppose，imagine等。
同位语从句
英语中有一些名词如fact, idea, news, word, hope, promise, suggestion, reply, problem, belief, doubt, truth, order, thought等，它们本身有一定的意义，但表达得不够具体。为了使其表达的意义更加具体明确，其后常跟有一个从句，用来补充说明该名词的内容，这个从句就叫做同位语从句。
The news that our team had won the match spread the whole country.
有时如果主句的谓语动词较短，为保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，同位语从句也常与要说明的分词分开。
Word came that he died yesterday.
一、同位语从句的引导词。
1. 表示陈述意义时通常用that。注意that不能省略。例如：
The fact that he didn”t pass the college entrance examination disappointed his parents.
The king made a promise that he would make anyone rich if one could cure his illness.
2. 当名词doubt用在否定句中时，其后的同位语从句应用that引导；而用在肯定句或疑问句中时则可以用其他词来引导。
I never have the doubt that you can look after yourself.
Some people have the doubt how such a little boy can lift so heavy a box.
3. 表示“是否”的意思时只能用whether，不能用if。这一点与主语从句相似。例如：
The question whether he can finish the work within two days remains unknown.
4. 表示疑问时也可用其他引导词。例如：
This student asked a good question why pollution can”t be stopped.
二、同位语从句与其他从句的比较。
1. 同谓语从句与主语从句和宾语从句的比较。
两者作用不同，主语从句和宾语从句都是从句在主句当中充当主语和宾语；而同位语从句是一个跟在某一名词后并具体说明该名词内容的从句。例如：
（1）That the pop singer will come to this city excited everybody.
（2）Everybody is excited to hear that the pop singer will come to this city.
（3）The news that the pop singer will come to this city excited everybody.
以上三个句子中（1）（2）两句分别在主句中充当主语和宾语。（1）句划线部分为主语从句，（2）句为宾语从句，而（3）句中划线部分则是具体说明名词news内容，故为同位语从句。另外还须注意的是，that引导主语从句、同位语从句时不能省，而引导宾语从句时通常可以省略。
2. 同位语从句与定语从句的比较。
（1）词类不同
同位语从句的名词只能是前面提到的几个有限的、有一定内涵的名词；而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。
（2）性质不同
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对其前名词的解释，该名词与同位语从句的关系可以用“主系表”来表达。例如：
We have all heard the news that our team has won.
名词与其后的同位语从句可以表达为：
The news is that our team has won.
（3）引导词不完全相同。
有些引导词如：how, whether可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。what不可以引导定语从句，但却可以引导同位语从句。例如：
I have no idea what has happened to him.
引导词that引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语或宾语，（指物时还可用which代替），如果在从句中作宾语常可以省略。that在同位语从句中虽不充当任何句子成份，但不能省略，也不能用which来代替。例如：
<1>The order that we should throw away our luggage was received yesterday.
<2>The order （that）we received yesterday was that we should throw away our luggage.
通过比较可知：第<1>句中的划线部分是对名词order的具体解释，that只起到连接作用，但不能省；第<2>句中的划线部分是名词order的修饰语，that代指the order，在从句中充当宾语，因而在句中可以省略。
状语从句
Adverbial Clauses
状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。
1、时间状语从句
2、地点状语从句
3、原因状语从句
4、目的状语从句
5、结果状语从句
6、条件状语从句
7、方式状语从句
8、让步状语从句
9、比较状语从句
1、时间状语从句
种类 从属连词 例 句 说 明
时 when
whenever When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.
当我进屋时，他正在写信。
We shall go there whenever we are free.
我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。
when指的是“某一具体的时间”。
whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体的时间”。
间
状 when I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.
我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。 when意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可以看作是并列句,这种用法的when分句一般位于句末。
语
while While it was raining, they went out.
天下雨的时候，他们出去了。
I stayed while he was away.
他不在的时候我在。 while指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。
从
as He hurried home, looking behind as he went.
他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。 as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。
句 before Be a pupil before you become a teacher.
先做学生，再做先生。 before译为在…之前
after He arrived after the game started.
比赛开始后，他到了。
till We waited till (until)he came back .
我们一直等到他回来。 如主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…为止”
种类 从属连句 例 句 说 明
时 until She didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock .
她到11点钟才停止工作。
Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.
她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。 如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直…才”“在…以前不”,从句放在句首表示强调，一般用until
间
状
since
as soon as
Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。
As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you.我一到上海就给你写信。 状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。
语
从
句 hardly…when
no sooner…than
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.
我们刚到车站，火车就走了。
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.
我们刚开始就被叫停。 hardly…when和no sooner…than的意义相当于as soon as,但只表示过去发生的事情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，如hardly或no sooner位于句首时语气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。
every time, by the time, the moment
等 Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.
我每次乘船都晕船。
The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful.
我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。
Next time you come ,you’ll see him.
下次你来的时候，就会见到他。 在时间状语从句中，不能用将来时或过去将来时，而要用现在时或过去时代替将来时。
地
点
状
语
从
句 where
wherever Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Where there is water there is life.
哪里有水，哪里就有生命。
You are free to go wherever you like.
你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。
Wherever you go, you must obey the law.
无论你去哪都要遵守法律。 where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。
原
因
状 because I came back late yesterday because I was on duty.
昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。 because用来回答why 的问题，语气最强一般放在主句之后
语
从
句 since Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.
既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。 since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首
种类 从属连句 例 句 说 明
原
因 as As he didn’t know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary .
由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这个单词。 从句常放在句首，说明原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。
状
语
从
句 now that, seeing that Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.
鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。
Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.
鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。 seeing (that), now that 和since, as 意义相似，他们都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that可以省去。
目
的
状
语
从
句 that
so that
in order that
lest = for fear that I shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget.
我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。
We’ll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.
我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。
They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time .
他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完成工作。
Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold.
多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。 目的状语从句中常用情态动词may (might) can (could) ,should 等放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后，主从句之间不用任何标点符号
结
果
状 so that
so…that We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.
我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了新闻。
He was so excited that he couldn’t say a word.
他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。 so that前有逗号为结果状语从句。
so…that的so后面跟形容词或副词。
语
从
句 such…that He gave such important reasons that he was excused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。
It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it.
It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.
这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。 such…that的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就要用such a /an…that还可以转换用so…that，语气较强
种类 从属连句 例 句 说 明
条
件
状
语
从
句 if
unless
as/so long as
in case
so far as Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.
如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。
We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.
除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。
= We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain.
So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.
只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。
In case I forget, please remind me about it .
万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。
So far as I know, the book will be published next month.
据我所知，那本书下月出版。
unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和if…not同义，unless是书面语，if…not是口语，通常二者可以换用。
条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。
方
式
状
语
从
句 as
as if…
as though Draw a cat as I taught you .
按照我教你的画一只猫。
Do as you are told.
按照人家告诉你做的去做。
She looks as if she is ill.
看上去她好象是生病了。
He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.
他的行动就好象什么也没有发生。
They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.
他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。 此处as译为，按照或正如
as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样。从句中可以用现在时表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气。
让
步
状
语 though
although Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.
虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语 。
We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.
虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。 在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但是”（but）但可以与yet或still连用。though / although意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式多放主句的前面。
从
句 even if
even though I’ll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.
即使明天下雨，我也要去。 even if 和even though的意思为“即使”“纵使”有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。
种类 从属连词 例 句 说 明
让
步
as Child as he is , he knows a lot .
虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。
Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors.
虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。 as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用
though或although引导的从句，语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。
状
语
从
no matter (who, what when, where which, how…) Do it no matter what others say.
不管别人怎么说,尽管干。
No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.
不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。
No matter who takes up the matter for me ,I shall be very grateful.
不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。 no matter……与 who-ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一 样，no matter……引导的从句可是以位于主句前或主句后。
句 wh－ever (whatever whoever whenever whichever however) Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.
无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。
Whoever comes, he will be welcome.
无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。 wh－ever从句中的动词有时可以和may连用。判断wh－ever引导的是状语从句还是名词性从句的一点是，名词性从句，主句中一定有一个成分要在从句担任，一般从句与主句之间没有逗号。
不可将no matter与wh-ever连用
比
较
状
语 as…as
not so/as
…as
the same
…as
such…as Mary is as old as my sister.
玛利和我姐姐一样大。
He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).
他不如杰克跑得那样快。
His book is the same as mine.
他的书和我的一样。
Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .
享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。 连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定句用as…as否定句可用not as…as 或not so…as
从
句 than She has made greater progress this year than she did last year.
她今年比去年进步更大。
He bought fewer books than I (did).
他买的书比我买的少。 表示不同程度之比较，主句中用比较级的形容词或副词。
种类 从属连句 例 句 说 明
比
较
状
语
从
句 the more
…the more The more you read, the better you understand.
你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。
The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.
你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。
The sooner, the better.
越快越好。
The warmer, the better.
越暖和越好。 the more…the more 意思为越…越…，通常的语序为从句在前主句在后，这两个the都是表示程度的副词，用在比较级的形容词或副词前面。
句子意思明显，句子的主语和动词都可省略。
特
殊
形
式
的
状
语
从
句 that We are sure (that )the four modernization will be realized in China .
我们相信四化一定会在中国实现。
I’m sorry (that) I didn’t have time to write you sooner.
很抱歉，我没有抽出时间早点给你写信。
I am afraid that I can’t go with you.
恐怕我不能同你一起去了。 that 引导的从句，往往跟在一个做表语的形容词后面，从句概念上看是宾语，所以有的语法家把它看做是宾语从句，但结构上看，也可以把它看作是一个特殊的状语从句，用来修饰表语的形容词。这种从句的连词常常被省略。
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇7：《名词性从句》讲义 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
《名词性从句》讲义
一、定义：在复合句中相当于一个名词，做主语、宾语、表语、同位语的从句。
二、引导词：
1. 连词: that , if, whether, as if
2. 连接代词: who , what, which, whose, whom以及wh+ever
3. 连接副词: when, where, why, because, how
三、引导词的作用：
1. 连词只有连接的功能，而不在从句中充当句子成分。
2. 连接代词和连接副词不但有连接的功能，同时还要在从句中充当特定的句子成分，主
语、宾语、表语、定语、状语。
主 语 从 句
基本概念
1． 定义：在复合句中作句子主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2． 构成：关联词+简单句
3． 引导主语从句的关联词有三类：
连词that、whether;
疑问代词who, what, which;
疑问副词when, where, how, why
⑴ 连词that（无词意）, whether(是否), 在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用; whether
能引导主语从句，而if不能。
That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me.
Whether John will do this experiment remains a question.
⑵ 疑问代词who, what, which, 在从句中既作连接词又充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced.
What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well.
Which school will win the prize is not known.
Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown.
Whichever you take will be yours.
Whoever wants this book may take it.
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
⑶ 疑问副词when, where, how, why在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原
因状语
When they will start hasn’t been decided yet.
Where the heroine went is not mentioned at the end of the story.
How he managed to finish the composition in such a short time is still a mystery.
Why he often comes here is known to us all.
难点
1． 主语从句能用it作形式上的主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。常以it作形式主语的
句型有：
A. It+be+形容词(well-known, obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如：
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, common
Knowledge, a surprise, a fact, etc.)+that从句。如：
It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
C. It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged,
etc.)+that从句。如：
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
It has been suggested that much should be done to prevent the river from being
polluted. 有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流受到污染。
D. It appears / seems that…… （似乎……）
It happens that…… （碰巧……）
It occurred to me that…… （我突然想起……）
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。
It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。
E. It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从
句。如：
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
F. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句
后置。如：
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?
下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗？
G. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：
How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪！
2． 注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义
Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。
Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正确的。
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who)
你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。
表 语 从 句
基本概念
1． 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2． 构成：关联词+简单句
3． 引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
(1) 从属连词that。如：
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
(2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如：
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如：
All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday.
这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如：
It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。
(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
难点
1． 连词because可引导表语从句。如：
I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
2． 引导表语从句的that不省略，that仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何
意义
The impression he makes on me is that he is a reliable person.
他给我的印象是他是一个可靠的人。
3． the reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导，我们学生易犯“the reason is because…”
的错误
The reason why the little actress has been such a success is that she is both clever and
hard-working.
4． 在表示命令order等，建议suggestion, advice等的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词要
用虚拟语气：should+动词原形，should可省略
His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the problem.
5． whether可引导表语从句，表“是否”，它在从句中不充当成分，if不能引导表语从句。
宾 语 从 句
基本概念
1． 定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2． 构成：关联词+简单句
3． 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：
(1) 从属连词that。如：
He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。
注： that在引导宾语从句时也并非任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能
省略。
① Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个
宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。)
大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
② I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作
介词宾语时，that不能省略。) 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
③ That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe. (that从句位于句首时，that
不可省略。) 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
④ We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a
probationary period. (主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。)
鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。
(2) 从属连词if/whether。如：
I doubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。
I don’t know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否帮助我。
(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词 where, when, how, why。
Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。
I wonder what he’s writing to me about. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。
I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。
4． 介词宾语从句
宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.
你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
有时介词可以省略。如：
I don’t care (for) who marries him. 我不管谁跟他结婚。
Be careful (as to) how you do that. 你要注意做这件事的方式。
难点
1． 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他已表明他不会屈服。
2． 作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except, but, in
后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it作形式宾语。如：
He is a good student except that he is careless.
他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。
You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我会帮助你的。
介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如：
Are you sorry for what you’ve done?
你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？
3． 某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain,
pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等，连词that可省略。如：
I am not sure what I ought to do. 我不能确定我该做什么。
I’m afraid you don’t understand what I said. 恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I’m surprised that I didn’t see all that before. 我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。
Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.
妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。
4． 连词whether (…or not)或if引导的宾语从句
if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不
与or not连用。如：
I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。
用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用whether。试比较：
Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句，意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。
5． 宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓
语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如：
I don’t think you are right. 我认为你错了。
I don’t believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。
I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意，是吗？
6． 宾语从句的时态变化规律：
(1) 当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。
(2) 当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳运行。
同 位 语 从 句
基本概念
1． 定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2． 用法：
① 同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。如：
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
你在哪儿听说我不能来？
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
② 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从
句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
难点
1． that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别：
We expressed the hope (that) they had expressed.
我们表达了他们曾经表达过的那种希望。（定语从句）
We expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.
我们表示希望他们再来中国访问。（同位语从句）
① 从语法角度上看，引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何句子成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中作主语或宾语等句子成分。
② 从语义角度上看，同位语从句与前面的名词hope是同位关系，表示hope的内容是they would come to visit China again。因而同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词作补充说明；而定语从句与它前面的名词是所属关系，表示“…的”（他们曾经表示过的），起修饰作用，因此定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词。一般来说，我们可以将同位语从句改写成“主语 + be + 表语”结构。
The hope was that they would come to visit China again.
③ 同位语从句的连词that不能省略，而定语从句的关系代词that，当其在从句中作宾语中，可省略，作主语也不可省略。
I’ve heard the news that he visited our factory.
I’ve heard the news that he told you the other day.
The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.
The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.
The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.
The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省。)
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作told的宾语，可省。)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。
2．引导定语从句的when, where, why是关系副词， 在其前面分别有表示时间、地点、原因或方式意义的名词作先先词。
I will never forger the day when I joined the League.
我永远不会忘记我入团的那一天。
The factory where I once worked has changed a lot.
我曾经工作过的那家工厂发生了巨大的变化。
That’s the reason why she didn’t come to the meeting.
这就是她为什么没有到会的原因。
当when, why, where引导同位语从句时，它们为连接副词。虽然它们在从句中充当句子成分，但前面却没有与其意义相当的先行词。
I have no idea when he will be back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
The problem where we got the machine needed has already been solved.
我们到哪里去弄所需机器的问题已经解决了。
He has solved the question why he was ill. 他已经解决了他为什么生病这个问题。
3． 一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.
这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。
高考题实录
1. Can you make sure ______ the gold ring? ( NMET1990)
A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put
C. where has Alice put D. where Alice has put
2. No one will be sure ______ in a million years. (NMET1991)
A. what will man look like B. what man will look like
C. man will look like what D. what look will man like
3. Go and get your coat . It’s ______ you left it (NMET1992)
A. there B. where C. there where D. where there
4. It worried her a bit ______ her hair was turning grey (NMET1992)
A. while B. if C. that D. for
5. ____ the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet．
A．Whenever B．If C．Whether D．That
6. ____he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. (NMET 1993)
A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
7. --- Do you remember ____ he came?
---Yes, I do, he came by car (NMET 1994)
A. how B. when C. that D. if
8. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET1995)
A. There B. This C. That D. It
9. _____we can’t get seems better than _____we have (NMET)
A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what
10. ______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (NMET1996)
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
11. It’s generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants. (NMET)
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
12. Bob is no longer____ he used to be. (NMET)
A. that B. which C. who D. what
13. ---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---Is that _____ you had a few days off？ (NMET)
A. why B. when C. what D. where
14. ______ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising． (上海1999)
A．Who B．The one C．Anyone D．Whoever
参 考 答 案
1─5 DBBCC 6─10 A ADAB 11─14 BDAD
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇8：语法-----名词性从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法-----名词性从句
编号：081016 姓名：李欣
定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1 引导名词性从句的连接词:
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接连词：that, whether, if , as if ,because不充当从句的任何成分）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why
2名词性从句分类：
A: 主语从句
连接连词：______,___________
连接代词：______, ____________, ______，___________, ______, _______,_______
连接副词：______, ____________, ______，___________.
That she was chosen made us very happy.
注意事项：
1）大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.
It is still unknown which team will win the match
2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.
It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明显……
b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that… 人们相信……
It is known to all that… 从所周知……
It has been decided that… 已决定……
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that… 事实是……
d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起
注意:主语从句的主谓一致
When and where well go _______ decided. What we need ____ books/ __ water.
B: 宾语从句
连接连词：______, ____________, ___________,
连接代词：______, _____,_______, ______，______,________,.
连接副词：______, ____________, ______，___________,
John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.
I am glad that you are satisfied with your job
注意事项：
a. 时态与语序:
(T/F):1).Do you know where has he put the precious stone?
2).why did he do it wasn’t clear.
3).He told me that he had been born in 1956.
4).he said we’ll have a meeting this afternoon.
b. 形式宾语 it:
1).hate, like, appreciate depend on, see to, take
2).make, feel, consider, believe, think, find
c. if 与whether区别：
通常,引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句用whether不用if
1).It doesn’t matter she will come or not. 2).The problem is she will have enough time.
3)._____________ it is true remains a question.
4).She doubt ________ she will be successful .
5).The question ____________ it is right or wrong depends on situation.
6).We don’t know _____________ or not she was ready.
7).She hasn’t decided ____________ to go.
8).It all depends on _________ they will support us.
9).They are discussing _____ they will hold a party.
10).I don’t care ____you will come.
注意：动词suggest, advise, insist, prefer, request, require, demand, order, command,等词后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词要用虚拟语气, 其构成是“should+动词原形”，其中should可省略
1).It was suggested that more teachers should be sent there to help them.
2).Tom insisted that his leadership be recognized by all the boys.
C: 表语从句
连接连词：______, ____________, ______，___________,
连接代词：______, ______,______, ______，_____,______,
连接副词：______, ____________, ______，___________,
The fact is that he has not been seen recently.
注意: a. 由that引导，that不作成分，只起连接作用。
b、由whether引导表示不确定，由because引导表示原因。
The point is whether we should lend him the money. It is because I have ever heard of the story.
*** The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.
I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.
c. what, which, who, whom, whose等连接代词及when, where, how, why等连接副词既引导句子又充当一定的句子成分.
1).The problem is who we can get to replace her. 2).The question is how he did it.
3).That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
d. as if常与look, seem, sound等连系动词连用.
She looks as if she would cry.
e.在一些表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气,(should) +do。
My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.
D: 同位语从句
它一般跟在某些名词后 ，如: idea, news, word, hope, fact, promise, belief, doubt, fear, discovery, chance, possibility…
连接连词：______, ____________,
连接代词：______, ______,______, ______，_____,______,
连接副词：______, ____________, ______，___________,
We heard the news that our team had won the game.
The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
注意:同位语从句一般用whether，that等词引导，常放在名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。
1).同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等, 关联词多用从属连词that.
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
2).同位语从句意义完整, 应用_____;意义不完整需增加“是否”的含义,应用_________；需要增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用______，________，______等词。
I have no idea __________ he’ll come or not.
The question _____ should do the work requires consideration.
3).表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气（should+动词原形，should可省略）
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.
The general gave the order that the soldiers (should) cross the river at once.
4).同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
a. He has made a promise _____ he will come./… _____ he will stick to.
b. The suggestion _____ we should learn English well is very important for us.
The suggestion _____ Mr.Li gave us on how to Learn English is very important for us.
Practice:
一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：
1. China is no longer what it used to be.
2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.
3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.
4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.
5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.
7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.
8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.
9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?
10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.
二、用适当的连词填空：
1. I can’t decide ____________ dictionary I should buy.
2. That’s ____________ he refused my invitation.
3. I am very interested in ____________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.
4. ____________ we need is more time.
5. The fact ____________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.
6. ____________ and ____________ they will meet has not been decided yet.
7. Please tell me ____________ you are waiting for.
8. Is that ____________ you are looking for?
9. Would you please tell me ____________ the nearest post office is?
10. I don’t know ____________ he will agree to the plan or not.
参考答案:一、1、表语从句；2、同位语从句；3、不是；4、主语从句；5、同位语从句；6、不是；7、表语从句；8、宾语从句；9、不是；10、宾语从句
二、1. which; 2. why; 3. how; 4. What; 5. that; 6. when, where; 7. who(m); 8. what; 9. where; 10. whether
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
三. 指出下列句子中的名词性从句，并说出连词的句法功能：
1.Who will write the poem has not been decided yet.
2. Don’t ask about what the meeting is for
3. I heard it that he had gone abroad.
4. What surprised us is that he lost in the game.
5. Whatever he did is right
6. What he left us was a large sum of money.
7. They kept it quiet that he was dead.
8. Tell me why you don’t like school.
9. He had a feeling that she might not approve of the plan.
10. Whoever comes will be welcome.
11. He wasn’t sure whether he ought to laugh or cry.
12. The book is where you left it.
13. I took it for granted that you would stay with us.
14. We hope that you will enjoy your stay here.
15. When he will be back depends on the weather.
16. We are certain that this is true.
17. He accepted the fact that she would never come back.
18. Where we live doesn’t matter.
19. I have no doubt that you were telling the truth.
20. That is why he turned me down
21. I feel it a terrible thing that I have to get up so early.
22. The reason was that he didn’t work hard.
23. New York is no longer what it was ten years ago.
24. This is where you are wrong.
25. I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.
26. That’s what makes him an excellent conductor.
27. She came to the conclusion that she must act at once
28.I appreciated it very much that he had done me a favor.
29. Our success depends on / upon how well we can cooperate with one another
30. Nobody can explain the mystery why he suddenly disappeared.
四. 改错
1. It’s uncertain that the experiment is worth doing.
2. All what is hard is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.
3. What the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
4. You can't imagine how excited were they when they received these nice Christmas presents.
5. That we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
6. What he really means is what he disagrees with us.
7. Whom is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
8. When we'll finish translating the book depend on the time.
9. Where will the house be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.
10. If you come or not is up to you.
11. That is what he likes the place so much.
12. That is that Lu Xun once lived.
13. We thought strange that Tom did not come yesterday.
14. The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us.
15. Can you tell me who is that gentleman?
16. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
17. The energy is that makes the cells able to do their work.
18. Jack was soon told why he did was not necessary.
19. Is this what we met each other two years ago?
20. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who he is.
21. I don't care whether she has no money. I care if she is honest or not.
22. The child is always lying, so none of us will believe no matter what he says.
23. See to that the children don't catch cold.
24. He, that is playing an important part, which is well-known to us all.
25. The boy dived into the water and, after it seemed to be a long time, he came up again.
五. 根据汉语用英语完成句子
1. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______was true.
他偷了一部自行车是真的。
2. The important thing is _______ _______ _______ , but not_______ _______ _______.
重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。
3. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ has not been found.
他出生在何时何地还不知道。
4. The problem is _______ _______ ________ ________ to the little boy.
问题是他对那个小男孩做了些什么。
5. She insisted ________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ the countryside.
她坚持不被派到农村去。
6. I don’t care about _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.
我并不在意你是否有钱。
7. He has made _______ _______ _______ he will not give in.
他清楚地表明他不会屈服。
8. We don’t believe _______ _______ ______ _______ _______ ______.
我们相信他不会赢得这场比赛。
9. Nobody knows _______ _______ _______ _______.
没有人知道他来自哪里
10. I couldn’t understand _______ _______ _______ _______.
我不能理解为什么被拒绝了。
11. _______ _______ _______ _______ all the museums will be reopened soon.
据宣布所有的博物馆将在不久重新开放
12. He insisted that he _______ in good health and _______ _______ _______ to work there.
他坚持认为他身体健康，并且坚持要求被派到那儿去工作
13. _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ should turn off the lights.
无论谁最后离开房间都应该关灯。
14. It is known to us all _______ _______ _______ _______ _______, there is harm.
众所周知，哪儿有污染，哪儿就有伤害。
15. The problem is _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.
问题在于这部电影是否值得一看。
Keys:
1． 指出下列句子中的名词性从句，并说出连词的句法功能：
1. Who will write the poem是主语从句， who 在从句中充当主语
2. what the meeting is for 是宾语从句， what 在从句中充当for的宾语
3. that he had gone abroad. 是宾语从句， that 不充当任何成分
4. What surprised us 是主语从句， what 在从句中充当主语
that he lost in the game. 是表语从句，that 不充当任何成分
5. Whatever he did是主语从句， whatever 在从句中充当宾语
6. What he left us是主语从句，what 在从句中充当宾语
7. that he was dead. 是宾语从句，that 不充当任何成分
8. why you don’t like school是宾语从句， why在从句中充当原因状语
9. that she might not approve of the plan. 是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分
10. Whoever comes是主语从句， whoever 在从句中充当主语
11. whether he ought to laugh or cry. 是形容词sure 的宾语从句， whether不充当任何成分
12. where you left it. 是表语从句，where在从句中充当地点状语
13. that you would stay with us. 是宾语从句， that 不充当任何成分
14. that you will enjoy your stay here. 是宾语从句， that 不充当任何成分
15. When he will be back是主语从句，when在从句中充当时间状语
16. that this is true是形容词certain 的宾语从句， that不充当任何成分
17 that she would never come back. 是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分
18. Where we live 是主语从句, where在从句中充当地点状语
19. that you were telling the truth是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分
20. why he turned me down是表语从句，why在从句中充当原因状语
21. that I have to get up so early. 是宾语从句，that 不充当任何成分
22. that he didn’t work hard. 表语从句，that 不充当任何成分
23. what it was ten years ago. 表语从句，what 在从句中充当表语
24. where you are wrong. 是表语从句, where在从句中充当地点状语
25. when people speak with their mouth full. 是宾语从句，when在从句中充当时间状语
26. what makes him an excellent conductor. 是表语从句, what 在从句中充当主语
27. that she must act at once 是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分
28. that he had done me a favor. 是宾语从句，that 不充当任何成分
29. how well we can cooperate with one another是宾语从句，how在从句中充当程度状语
30. why he suddenly disappeared是同位语从句，why在从句中充当原因状语
改错
1. that -- whether 2. All what-- all that
3. What--That 4. how excited they were
5. That -- Whether 6. what -- that
7. Whom -- Who 8. depends
9. will the house---the house will 10.If -- Whether
11. what -- why 12.that -- where
13. thought + it 14.which -- that
15. who that gentleman is 16.Who -- Whoever
17. that -- what 18.why后加 what
19. what -- where 20.who it is
21. whether -- that 22.no matter who -- whatever
23. see to + it that 24.that – who; which
25. it -- what
根据汉语用英语完成句子
1. That he stole a bike 2. what you do what you say
3. Where and when he was born 4. what he has done
5. that she not be sent to 6. whether you have money or not
7. it clear that 8. that he will win the game
9. where he is from 10. why I was refused
11. It is announced that 12. was…should be sent
13. Whoever leaves the room last 14.that where there is pollution
15. whether the film is worth seeing
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
六.
T/F practice
1. He will come back surprises all of us.
That he will come back surprises all of us.
2. That he really means is what he doesn’t agree with us.
What he really means is that he doesn’t agree with us.
3. The news which our team had won pleased everyone.
The news that our team had won pleased everyone.
4. The reason why he failed in the exam was because he was too careless.
The reason why he failed in the exam was that he was too careless.
5. It is unknown that where we will have the meeting.
It is unknown where we will have the meeting.
6. The problem is when will he come back.
The problem is when he will come back.
7. Could you tell me which was the way to the Science Museum?
Could you tell me which is the way to the Science Museum?
8. If he is an engineer is unknown.
Whether he is an engineer is unknown.
9. I have been worrying about if I have hurt her feelings.
I have been worrying about whether I have hurt her feelings.
10.What he needs are enough time and what I need is enough books.
What he needs is enough time and what I need are enough books.
11.No matter who comes to visit the exhibition is welcome.
Whoever comes to visit the exhibition is welcome.
12.I’ll make known to all that you were not honest.
I’ll make it known to all that you were not honest.
13.He is said that he has gone to America.
It is said that he has gone to America.
14.My suggestion is that we will learn more words by heart.
My suggestion is that we should learn more words by heart.
15.Why we decided to put off the meeting is because we had some difficulty in preparing it.
Why we decided to put off the meeting is that we had some difficulty in preparing it.
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
总结:名词性从句一向是NMET中的重要考点.通过对近几年高考试题的分析,我们可以看出NMET名词性从句考点主要有以下六个方面:
考点之一:考查名词性从句中that与what的区别
考例: _______ we can't get seems better than _______ we have.
A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what
考点之二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语
考例1: _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
考例2: I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. this D. them
考点之三:考查名词性从句的语序
考例:The photographs will show you _______ .
A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like
考点之四:考查名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别
考例1: _______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
考例2: What the doctors really doubt is_____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
考例3: It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
考点之五:考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别
考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
考例2: Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests.
A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who
考点之六:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题
考例:It is necessary that a college student ______ at least a foreign language.
A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master
名词性从句专项练习
单项选择:
1. The way he did it was different we were used to . ( 05 江西 )
A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
2. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made. ( 05 湖南 )
A. what B. that C. how D. which
3. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action. ( 06 湖南 )
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
4. We haven't settled the question of ______________ it is necessary for him to study abroad. （ 06江苏 ）
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
5. makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.（ 06辽宁 ）
A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever
6. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning. （ 06全国I ）
A. when B. which C. where D. what
7. Please remind me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. （ 06全国I ）
A. where B. when C. how D. what
8. --- What did your parents think about your decision?
--- They always let me do _______ I think I should. （ 06全国III ）
A. when B. that C. how D. what
9. Engines are to machines _________ hearts are to animals. （ 06山东 ）
A. as B. that C. what D. which
10. I just wonder __________ that makes him so excited. （ 06山东 ）
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
11. One advantage of playing the guitar is _________ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. （ 06上海 ）
A. how B. why C. that D. when
12. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ________ his teammates had done. （ 06上海 ）
A. what B. which C. why D. while
13. --- It’s thirty years since we last met.
--- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, __________ we got lost on a rainy
night. （ 06四川 ）
A. which B. that C. what D. when
14. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
（ 06天津 ）
A. that B. which C. until D. if
15. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class he had to meet his uncle at the airport. （ 06重庆 ）
A. why B. that C. where D. because
16. These shoes look very good. I wonder __________. （ 06上海春季 ）
A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost
C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost
17. Doris' success lies in the fact _________ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. （ 06上海春季 ）
A. which B. that C. when D. why
18. --- Could you do me a favor?
--- It depends on it is.
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever
19. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _________ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
20.. Along with the letter was his promise _______ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
21. Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for. （江苏）
A. what B. why C. how D. whether
22. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. （20陕西）
A. That B. Which C. What D. As
23．--------------worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. （年山东）
A．This B．That C．What D．It
64. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ________ it is . （2007年天津）A. what B. which C. how D. where
25. You can only be sure of __you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future. . （2007年安徽） A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that
26.It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself.
A. how B. what C. which D. when（2007年福建）
27 ____ matters most in learning English is enough practice. （2007年国2）
A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which
28. ______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. （2007年上海）
A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where
29. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. （2007年上海）
A. when B. why C. whether D. that
30. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are. （2007年浙江）
A. where B. what C. when D. why
31. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea_____ the party is to be held? (陕西卷)
A. what B. which C. that D. where
32. People in Chongqing are proud of _____they have achieved in the past ten years. （2008重庆）
A. that B. which C. what D. how
33. The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park. （2008天津卷）
A. where B. how C. when D. why
34. ______was most important to her. she told me, was her family.（2008山东）
A. It B. This C. What D. As
35. When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. (2008湖南卷)
A. what B. why C. whom D. which
36. The companies are working together to create______
they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. （2008北京卷）
A. which B. that C. what D. who
37. The news _____ our athletes won another gold medal was reported In yesterday’s newspaper. (2008上海春招)
A. which B. whether C. what D. that
38. ______ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. (2008上海春招)
A. What B. Which C. Whether D. That
39. _____is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008福建）
A. It B. What C. As D. Which
40. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about ____ he will do or think. (上海卷)
A. what B. which C. whom D. that
41. It has been proved _____ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (20上海卷)
A. if B. because C. when D. that
参考答案：1 ------ 5 CABCA 6 ------ 10 DBDCD 11 ----- 15 CABAB
16 ------ 20 CBCCB 21-------25 ACDAB 26 ----- 30 BABDA
31-------35 DCCCA 36 ----- 41 CDABAD
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
二、名词性从句典型错误
1. That she wants to know is which dress she should buy.
2. He will give up his job surprises all of us.
3. No matter who breaks the law will be punished.
4. If the meeting will be held in our school is not known yet.
5. That worried her a bit was that he couldn’t get in touch with her friend.
6. He is said he has gone to America.
7. She was praised for what had she done.
8. He wants to know I still study English.
9. The reason why I was late was because I missed the train.
10.I have no doubt if we shall be able to do something for you.
三、翻译下列句子，使用适当的名词性从句
1.我们还不能确定他是否能够成功.
2.真奇怪，他竟没有看出自己的缺点.
3.我们听到了我们队获胜这个好消息.
4.我对他告诉我的这个消息很感兴趣.
5.那就是你错的地方。
参考答案
改错：1. That-What 2. 加That 3.No matter who-whoever/Anyone who 4. If-Whether
5. That-What 6. He-It 7. had she-she had 8. know 后加whether/if 9. because-that
10. if-whether
翻译:
1. we are not sure whether/if he will succeed.
2. It is strange that he should have failed to see his own shortcoming.
3. We heard the news that our team had won.
4. I’m interested in the news that he told me.
5. That’s where you are wrong.
掌握较好的＞80% 题号: 分析
掌握一般的60%~80% 题号: 分析
掌握较差的 ＜60% 题号: 分析
难点教学建议
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇9：高三语法复习： 状语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
高三语法复习：
状语从句
1.时间状语从句。
引导时间状语从句的有：when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, no sooner…than…, hardly…when…等。
（1） When, while和 as
When既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用与主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。while引导的从句中谓语动词必须是能够延续的动词，强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重动作的持续性和对比性。如：While I was sitting there, he told me an interesting story．as用于引导“在某行为的继续中发生某事”的“继续之行为”，所以多与过去进行时连用。并常用来表示两种发展变化中的情况。
When they came home, I was cooking dinner.
She watched TV while (she was) eating.
As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.
As the day went on, the weather got worse.
(2) 时间状语从句还有几个特殊的引导词。
如：every time, each time, next time, the day, the year, the minute, the moment 和副词immediately, directly, instantly等.
a.Every time I saw him, I would like to listen to his songs.
b.I came to the house the moment he was about to leave.
c.I recognized her the minute I saw her.
d. He left Europe the year World War II broke out.
e. My sister came directly(=as soon as) she got my message.
f. The machine will start instantly you press the button.
(3) since 和 before 的用法异同。
It is/ has been + some time+ since+ sb did sth.
It was / is / will be + some time+ before sb did/ do sth
It is just a week since we arrived here.
It’s a long time since I met you last.
How long is it since you were in Ningbo ?
It was years before I came back from abroad. It will be five years before we meet again.
It wasn’t long before he came back..
since 其后的动词不同,起算的时间也不同.
since + 瞬间动词过去式 (从该动作发生时算起)
since + 持续性动词的过去式 ( 从该动作结束时算起)
He worked very hard since he entered the factory.
We haven’t seen each other since I worked in the factory.
(从我不在厂工作以来……)
She has never been to visit me since I was ill. (病愈以来)
(4)till& until意义相同，多数情况下可换用，但用以强调，句首多用until；在强调结构或与not连用时多用until。例如：Nothing can be done till/ until the boss returns.
I waited for him until he came back.
He didn’t go to bed until he had finished the work.
Until we know the facts, we can’t do anything about it.
(5) no sooner…than, hardly…when和scarcely… before相当于as soon as之意, 其引导的从句中谓语动词要用 had done。当 hardly, scarcely和 no sooner置于句首时,语气较强, 主句的谓语要部分倒装. 例如:
We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.
The spy had no sooner returned home than he was told to go to another country.
No sooner had the spy returned home than he was told to go to another country.
2. 地点状语从句由where或 wherever引导，在主句前，后均可．
where 表特指，wherever表泛指
I found the books where I left them.
Make a mark where you have any questions.
Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home.
(1) 地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。如：
Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
Wherever there’s plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.
(2) where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别。Where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词,而在定语从句中 where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 如：
Go back where you came from
Go back to the village where you came from.
Bamboo grows best where it’s wet and rainy.
Bamboo grows best in places where it’s wet and rainy.
3. 原因状语从句because, since, as, for,
because表直接的原因,语气最强.
since “既然”:一般放在句首,表已知的原因,全句重在交代结果,语气比because弱.
as 放在句首或句末,说明因果关系,语气较弱,重点在主句,译作“由于”for表间接原因，用来补述内容．放在主句后.语气最弱.
Since (As) it was raining, you ‘d better take a taxi.
Because he is ill, he is absent today.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
As he is from the south, he is unaccustomed to the dry weather in Beijing.
在强调句型中,引导从句只能用because, 不能用 since或as.
It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with us.
4. 条件状语从句
引导词: if, unless, so/ as long as用一般现在时表示一般将来时
In case anything important happens, please call me up.
I’ll lend it to you as long as you handle it with care.
if only(要是…就好了; 但愿) 常表示愿望或一未实现的条件,尤用于感叹句.
If only he arrives in time!
If only I had met him earlier!
If only it would stop raining!
on condition(that)=provided (that) =providing (that) ( 假若; 倘使)
supposing (that) =if
You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.
I’ll go providing my wages are paid.
Supposing it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?
*在条件状语从句中,如果条件状语从句的主语同主句主语一致或是无人称代词, 从句的谓语动词或助动词 be, 可将从句的主语和动词 be一起省略.
If (it is) necessary, I’ll go with him.
If (it is) important, I’ll write this article.
目的和结果状语从句
目的:so that… in order that… ( 情态动词)
结果: so that, so/ such… thatHe studied even harder so that he might catch up with the top students in a possible short period.
He studied even harder so that he caught up with the other students.
He made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted.There are so many people in the room that we could’t get in.
方式状语从句
方式状语从句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though 等引导。
注意:
1) as 表行为方式
2) as if 引导的从句表示与事实相反或不可能实现时,从句用虚拟语气。
比较状语从句
引导词: than, as… as,
the more… the more…He didn’t do as much as he had
promised.
Now we can produce much more
steel than Japan.
The higher you stand, The farther you will see.
注意被比较的内容应一致
The weather here is hotter than that( = the weather) in your hometown.The girls in your class are more active than those in our class.
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇10：名词性从句4 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
名词性从句
课型：语法
目的：探索规律，认识从句，使用名词性从句
重点：引导词的选用
难点：定语从句与同位语从句的区别；whether与if 的选用
辅助工具：思维导图
授课流程：
1. 通过例句，归纳概念，认识从句，名词性从句（例句略）
2. 导入名词性从句，种类（例句略）
3. 名词性从句的引导词及使用（例句略）
4. 提出问题，解决问题（例句略）
5. 归纳总结
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇11：定语从句专项练习(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
定语从句专项练习
1．The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days.（全国03 .28）
A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which
2. George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. （北京，2004.26）
A. the real name B. what his real name
C. his real name D. whose real name
3. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. （北京2004.34） A. It B. As C. That D. What
4．There was time I hated to go to school .（湖北2004.23）
A．a; that B．a; when C．the; that D．the ; when
5．There are two buildings , stands nearly a hundred feet high .（湖北2004. 25） A．the larger B．the larger of them
C．the larger one that D．the larger of which
6．What surprised me was not what he said but he said it . （湖南2004 29） A．the way B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way which
7. Playing tricks on others is _____ we should never do. (湖南2004 21)
A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
8. I work in a business _________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.（湖南2004 23） A. how B. which C. where D. that
9. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. （江苏2004 33 ）
A. Which B. When C. What D. As
10．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% are sold abroad .（全国 2004 35）
A．of which B．which of C．of them D．of that
11. The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.（全国2004 23）
A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which
12. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
13. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
14．-Is that the small town you often refer to?
-Right, just the one you know I used to work for years.（福建 35 ） A．that B．which C．where D．what
15. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. (广东 2005 35)
A. in which B. by which C. which D. that
16．Her sister has become a lawyer, she wanted to be. (湖北2005 29)
A．who B．that C．what D．which
17. The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be________the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (江苏 2005 32 )
A. which; where B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
18．The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained. （江西 2005 25 ）
A．in that B．for that C．in which D．for which
19．I walked in our garden, _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （辽宁 2005 28 ） A．which B．when C．where D．that
20．Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom? （辽宁 2005 29 ）
A．that B．what C．as D．which
21. He was educated at a local grammar school, ______ he went on to Cambridge. （山东2005 30 ）
A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this
22. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _______effects the people are still suffering. （天津 2005 13 ）
A. that B. whose C. those D. what
23. Jim passed the driving test, _________ surprised everybody in the office. (浙江2005 2 ) A．which B．that C．this D．it
24. _________ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. (浙江2005 17 )
A．When B．After C．As D．Since
25. Mark was a student at this university from to , ____ , he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students' Union. ( 重庆 2005 32 )
A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time
26．I have many friends , some are businessmen . （全国02 2005 24 ）
A．of them B．from which C．who of D．of whom
用定语从句翻译下列句子。
1） 这就是我最喜欢的那本杂志。
2） 这是我曾经住过的村庄。
3） 正在唱歌的女孩是我的同学。
4） 全心全意为人民的人应当受到尊重。
5） 应当做的事情都已经做了。
6） 他失败的原因是他粗心大意。
7） 他用来写字的钢笔丢了。
8） 你去过毛泽东出生的那间小屋吗？
9） 今天下午我们要去看你们参观过的照片展。
10） 老师把老外介绍给我，他就是著名的教授。
三 句型比较
1．①The man she married last year was a soldier.
A whom B to whom C with whom D．whose
②The man she was married was a soldier．
A whom B to whom C with whom D who
2．①The reason she gave up teaching was her serious illness．
A for that B for which C which D．why
②The reason he was dismissed is not difficult to explain.
A that B for which C which D for that
3．①The day she spent with us was never to be forgotten.
A．/ B．on which C when D．in which
②The day she played with us was never to be forgotten.
A. that B. when C. which D. /
4. ① Is this the factory you visited last week?
A where B which C. to which D. in which
② Is this factory you visited last week?
A. that B which C in which D. the one
5. ① The house window faces south is for the doctor.
A. which B. that C. whose D. of which
② The house faces south is for the doctor.
A. which B. whose C. who D. where
6. ① She brought forward a plan we couldn’t agree.
A. that B. which C / D. to which
② She brought forward a plan we couldn’t accept.
A. / B. for which C. to which D .of which
7. ① The invention she spent 2 years will do well to the world.
A.which B. / C. on which D. when
②The invention took her 2 years will do well to the world.
A. which B. / C. on which D. it
8. ① The English subject, I do well , is important in middle schools.
A which B that C in which D. at which
②The English subject , I have mastered well , is important in middle school.
A / B at which C that D in which
9. ①Tom, I went to the concert , is a friend of mine.
A whom B who C with which D whose
②Tom， bicycle 1 went to the concert，is a friend of mine．
A whom B who C whose D on whose
10．①The place you visited during your holidays is where I used to be for years
A where B which C in which D．to which
②The place you stayed for 3 years is where an ancient city used to be.
A where B which C that D to which
11．①She will fly to Washington， is the capital of the U．S．
A that B where C which D in which
②She will fly to Washington， she can enjoy herself．
A where B that C which D ／
12．①The story happened on a day the weather was wet and cold．
A when B which C in which D on when
②The story happened on a day was wet and cold．
A then B on which C which D ／
13．①The sun heats the earth， we all know．
A that B which C as D where
②The sun heats the earth， makes it possible to grow crops．
A which B that C as D where
14．①Tom， we had expected，got the 1st place in the competition(比赛)．
A as B which C whom D who
②Tom， we had expected to help us，didn’t even show his face .
A as B whom C that D which
单项选择题：
1. I, ___your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A.who is B.who am C.that is D.which am
2. The old man has two sons, ___are lawyers.
A.both of them B.both of who C.both of whom D.both of they
3. He is a man of great knowledge, ___much can be learned.
A.in whom B.about whom C.from whom D.of whom
4. I can tell you ___he told me last week.
A.all which B.all what C.that all D.all that
5. Is oxygen the only gas ___helps fire burn?
A.that B./ C.which D.what
6. Air, ___we breathe every day, is around us all the time.
A.that B./ C.which D.it
7. This is the museum ____we saw an exhibition the other day.
A.that B.which C.where D.in that
8. This museum is ___you visited the other day.
A.that B.which C.where D.the one
9. This is the museum ___you saw the other day.
A.that B.where C.in which D.in that
10. It is the third time ___late this month.
A.that you arrived B.when you arrived
C.that you’ve arrived D.when you’ve arrived
11. It was in 1969___the American astronaut succeeded in landing
on the moon.
A.that B.which C.in which D.when
12..We often think of the days ___we spent together on the island.
A.when B.which C.in which D.during which
13. Have you ever been to Shanghai, ____I left ten years ago?
A.where B.which C.that D.when
14. He has left Beijing, ___a meeting is to be held.
A.when B.where C.as D.which
15. This is the very place ___I’m wishing to live in.
A.where B.which C.that D.in which
16.I have bought the same dress ____she is wearing.
A.as B.that C.which Dthan
17.Can you solve such problems ___raised by the audience?
A.what were B.as were C.that were D.which were
18.The reason ___he didn’t come was ____he was injured.
A.that,because B.why,that C.why, because D.that, that
19.He must be from Africa, ____can be seen from his skin.
A.that B.as C.it D.what
20.His father died last year, ____made it impossible for him to go abroad.
A.when B.which C.as D.that
21.___is natural,he married Mary.
A.It B.What C.Which D.As
22.The buses, ____were already full,were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A.most of them B.most of which C.which most D.that most
23.All___is needed is a supply of oil.
A.the thing B.that C.what D.which
24.He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows,most of ___had not been cleaned for years.
A.these B.those C.that D.which
25.In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______she could turn for help.
A.that B.who C. from whom D.to whom
26. This is one of the means ____the electic energy is conducted from one place to another.
A.by which B.by that C.through which D.through that
27. The place ___you are going to visit is the ruin of a place.
A.in which B.at which C.where D.which
28. The factory ___I am going to is the place ___my mother used to
work many years ago.
A.where,where B.where, which C.which,where D.that,which
29. Don’t do such things ___you are not sure about.
A.that B.which C.as D.what
30. Rober is good at language, ____we all know.
A.because B.for C.as D.since
二．改错
1．Is this the book your father bought it for you?
2．Who is the comrade you talked with him?
3．Have you been to the place where she works there ?
4．They are talking about the people and the things which they saw on their way home．
5．This is the very thing which I can tell you．
6．Is this all what you Wahl to say?
7．Shanghai is the biggest cit y，that has a population of more than ten million．
8．Which is the clock which is made in China?
9．Who is the man who is speaking to your mother?
10．I shall never forget the days when I spent with you
11．He has written a book．the name of it I have forgotten．
12．Father came back on April 4th when was my birthday．
1 3．Is this factory which you set up yourselves?
1 4．Is this the city where you visited last year?
15．This is the necklace for which she is looking．
1 6．Do you still remember the day which you joined the Party?
1 7．This is the boy his handwriting is the best in our class
18．It was the meeting which importance I didn’t know．
1 9．My father，that has been away recently, wants to see you．
20．He has three sons，two of them are music lovers．
21．As you know it，he has left for America．
22．Miss Li，who you met，is our English teacher．
23．The computer center，that was opened last year，is very large．
24．My pen which writes smoothly was given to me by my sister．
25．Those who wants to see the film put up your hands．
26．Those have seen the film think highlv of it．
27．That is the way which they work．
28. I have made the same mistakes like you have．
29．Here is,so big a stone as no one can move it．
30．The news which a war broke out in the Middle East surprised us.
一 1-5 ADBBD 6-10 ABCDA 11-15 CADCA 16-20 DCDCB 21-26 CBACAD
二 1. This is the magazine I like best.
2. This is the village where I used to live.
3. The girl who is singing is one of my classmates.
4. Those who serve the people heart and soul should be respected.
5. Everything that should be done has been done.
6. The reason why he failed is his carelessness.
7. The pen with which he writes is lost.
8. Have you ever been to the small house in which Chairman Mao once lived.
9. This afternoon we’ll go to see the photo show that you have visited.
10. The teacher introduced me the foreign guest, who is a famous professor.
三句型比较1
1-5 AB BD,B AB BD CA 6-10DA CA CA CD BA
11-14 CA A C CA AB
四 答案：1－5 BCCDA 6-10CCDAC 11-15ABBBC 16-20ABBBB
21-25 DBBDD 26-30ADCCC
五.改错答案与分析：
1．去掉it。因为被省去的关系代词是从句中谓
语动词的宾语。
2．去掉him。
3．去掉there，因为关系副词是从句中的状语。
4．改which为that。
5．改which为that，先行词被only，very，a11，
much，little，few，nobody，no one，anybody，some-
body，everything，nothing，anything以及形容词最高
级、序数词所修饰时，关系代词用th。t。
6．改what为that。
7．改that为which，在非限制性定语从句中，修
饰物用which。
8．改第二个which为that，以免重复。
9．改后面的who为that，以免重复。
10．改when为which或that，用作spent的宾语。
11．改the name of it为the name of which。
12．改when为which，作从句的主语。
13．改which为the one。
14．改where为which或that，作visit的宾语。
15．100k for是短语动词，不能拆开使用。
第一部分语法知识
16．改which为when。
17．改his为whose。
18．改which为whose。
19．改tllat为who，非限制性定语从句，表示人的
主格时用who。
20．改two of them为two of whom
21．去掉it，因为as在此句中是关系代词，作
know的宾语。
22．改who为whom，非限制性定语从句。表示
人的宾格。
23．改that为which。
24．改My为The，限制性定语从句的先行词不
用物主代词和指示代词修饰。
25．改wants为want。
26．Those后面加who。
27．改which为that或in which．也可省去
which。
28．改like为as，定语从句中主句中有the same．
such。as，so时，关联词用as。
29．改as为that，that是从属连词引导状语从
句；或去掉句中的it。
30．改which为that，这是同位语从句，不是定语
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇12：定语从句的用法 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
定语从句的用法
(一) 定语从句的作用
作用 在句子中作定语,修饰句子中的某一名词或代词,从句须放在先行词之后。
关联词 关联词用于引导一个定语从句,代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分。
(二) 关系代词的作用
作用 例 句
1.作主语 1. The student who is talking with the monitor is Lucy.（指人作主语）
2. A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.（指物作主语）
2.作表语 3.She is no longer the girl that she used to be.（指人作表语）
3.作宾语 4The student whom (who)you want to see has come already.（指人作宾语）
5.The letter which I received yesterday was from a friend of mine.（指物作宾语）
4.作定语 6.The girl whose mother is a teacher studies very hard.（指人作定语）
(三) 须用that引导的定语从句
情 况 例 句
nothing,everything,anything,much, all,little等不定代词作先行词时，常用that引导从句.something两者均可。 Is there anything that I can do for you?
2.指物的先行词前被序数词修饰时。 The first thing that we should do is to help him.
3.指物的先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best foreign film that I have ever seen.
4.指物的先行词前被the very, the only, the same修饰时。 That’s the very tool that we are looking for.
5.先行词既指人又指物时。 They talked about the things and friends that they could remember.
6.主句是由Who/Which引导的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the man that is standing over there?
Which is the tool that you are looking for?
(四).不可由that引导的定语从句
1.在非限制性定语从句中。 Mr Smith ,who lives in Chicago, is a doctor .
2.关系代词在从句中作前置介词的宾语时。 This is the room in which Mr Liu once lived .
3.由that作先行词时。 The bread which is made by my mother is better than that which is sold in food shops.
4.someone.somebody,nobody,anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody等指物的不定代词作先行词时。 Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
（五）.非限制性定语从句的特点：1.不能用that引导定语从句。2.关系代词不能省略。
（六）关系副词的用法：关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当状语。
1． When指代表示时间的先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当时间状语。例如：
October 1，1949 was the day when（=on which） the People’s Republic of China was founded.
2． Where指代先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当地点状语。例如：
We will visit the house where(=in which)Lu Xun was born.
3. why代替先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当原因状语.例如:
Who can tell me the reason why(=for which) Tom was absent today?
配套定语从句专练：
1.The man_____talked to you just now is an engineer of the computer company.
A.who B.which C.where D.when
2.I still remember the days_____we studied together in the school.
A.that B.which C.where D.when
3.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small village____he grew up.
A.which B.where C.that D.when
4.Can you tell me the name of the factory____you visited last week?
A.what B.where C./ D.when
5.Is this the house _____Shakespare was born?
A.at which B.which C. at where D. in which
6.In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person____she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
7.All_____is needed is a supply of oil.
A .the thing B. that C. what D. which
8.Corn was not the only food_____was taken to Europe.
A. which B. who C. / D. that
9.Look at the man and his horse____are walking up the street.
A. which B. who C. what D. that
10.She is no longer the student ____she used to be.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
11.I don’t like_____you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
12.He paid the boy 10 yuan for washing ten windows,most of____hadn’t been cleaned
A .there B. those C. that D. which
13.Mr Green has two daughters,both of____are doctors.
A. them B. whom C. who D. that
14.Whose is this book the cover_____is blue?
A. whose B. its C. which D. of which
15.I like to live in the house _____windows face south
A. which B. of which C. whose D. where
16.His parents would’t let him marry anyone____family was poor.
A/ of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose
17.In Sydeny, the Chinese team got 28gold medal,______were won by women.
A.18 of which B.18 of that C.which of 18 D.18 in which
18.Abraham Lincoln, ____ was born in Kenturkey ,studied law in his spare time and later became President of the USA.
A.what B.who C.whom D.which
19.Those _______ have any questions please put up your hands.
A.which B.that C.whom D.who
20．Anyone______ breaks the law will be punished.
A. whoever B.whom C. who D.no matter who
Keys:1-5:ADBCD 6-10:DBDDD 11-15:ADBDC 16-20:DABDC
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇13：语法复习六：状语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法复习六：状语从句
由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。
（一）时间状语从句
表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。
e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.
（二）原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。
e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.
As it is raining, I will not go out.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
（三）地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。
e.g. Sit wherever you like.
Make a mark where you have a question.
（四）目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。
e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
He left early in case he should miss the train.
（五）结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。
e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.
（六）条件状语从句
条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。
e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
So far as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months.
You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.
If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.
（七）让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。
e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I’ll never change my mind.
（八）方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。
e.g. You must do the exercise as I show you.
He acted as if nothing had happened.
（九）比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。
e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
（十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题
1、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be ，就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。
e.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.
If (you are) asked you may come in.
If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again.
3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。
e.g. You are to find it where you left it.（地点状语从句）
Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）
I don’t know where he came from.（宾语从句）
Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句）
This place is where they once hid.（表语从句）
练习、状语从句
一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句：
1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things.
2. The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.
3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.
4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.
5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.
6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
7. Where there is water, there is life.
8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.
9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.
10. Even if (though) I fail. I’ll never lose heart.
11. Once you begin the work, you must continue.
12. I will find her wherever she may be.
13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.
14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.
15. We must do everything as he tells us.
16. India is much bigger than Japan.
17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.
18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.
二、用适当的连词填空：
1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) came to China __________ he was fifty.
2. He began to work __________ he got there.
3. Let's begin our meeting __________everyone is here.
4. I like the English people, __________ I don't like their food.
5. __________ you go in China, you can see smiling faces.
6. He didn't come to the lecture, __________ he was very busy.
7. __________we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.
8. They will help you __________ you meet with difficulty.
9. _________ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.
10.I didn't join them yesterday evening __________ I had to go to an important meeting.
11. We would try to get a car __________we could all travel together more easily.
12. She wouldn't forget her mother's birthday __________ she seldom wrote to her family.
13. We're doing everything we can to make things as easy for you ___________we can.
14. The meeting became so disorderly __________ the speaker had to shout the audience down.
15. He was angrier __________ ever before.
16. __________ you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in.
17. The boy was so tired __________ he fell asleep on the bus.
18. Hard _________ he tried, he couldn’t force the door open.
三、选择填空：
1. I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.
A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although
2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked.
A. if B. unless C. for D. since
3. We will work ____ we are needed.
A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever
4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.
A. so that B. if C. when D. although
5._____ you go, don't forget your people.
A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever
6. It is about ten years _____ I met you last.
A. since B. for C. when D. as
7. They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.
A. because B. however C. when D. since
8. _____ still half drunk, he made his way home.
A. When B. Because C. Though D. As
9. _____ she was very tired, she went on working.
A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of
10. Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.
A. as B. when C. since D. for
11. I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.
A. though B. although C. as if D. when
12. _____ we got to the station, the train had left already.
A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When
13. _____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.
A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though
14. She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.
A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as
15. We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.
A. since B. until C. because D. though
16. I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.
A. even if B. as though C. because D. until
17. Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.
A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they
18. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.
A. since B. so that C. for D. because
19. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.
A. unless B. as C. if D. until
20. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where
21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.
A. and B. but C. as D. unless
22. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.
A. until B. unless C. when D. before
23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.
A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even
24. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
25. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.
A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where
26. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?
A. when B. that C. though D. however
27. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.
A. although B. even though C. so that D. since
28. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.
A. that B. though C. unless D. if
29. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.
A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though
30. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.
A. than B. when C. while D. as
31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.
A. Much B. However C. As D. Although
32. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.
A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever
33. The child was __ immediately after supper.
A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed
C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed
34. The history of nursing __ the history of man.
A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as
35. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.
A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although
36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.
A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of
37. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.
A. than B. as C. while D. when
38. _____ David goes, he is welcome.
A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever
39. The house stood _____ there had been a rock.
A. which B. at which C. when D. where
40. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.
A. because B. so C. if D. as
41. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
42. The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____.
A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as better
C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good
43. John plays football _____, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
44. Although he is considered a great writer,
A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read
C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read
45. ___ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
46.-What was the party like?
-Wonderful. It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after B. when C. before D. since
47. It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
48. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
49. After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
50._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late
C. However is he late D. However late he is
51. He will come to call on you the moment he ____ his painting.
A. will finish B. finished C. has finished D. had finished
52. ____ difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time.
A. No matter B. No wonder C. Though D. However
53. It was ____ that she couldn’t finish it by herself.
A. so difficult a work B. such a difficult work C. so difficult work D. such difficult work
参考答案
语法复习六：状语从句
一、
1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. 让步
2. The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.比较
3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.方式
4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.结果
5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.条件
6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.时间
7. Where there is water, there is life.地点
8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.目的
9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.原因
10. Even if (though) I fail, I’ll never lose heart.让步
11. Once you begin the work, you must continue.时间
12. I will find her wherever she may be. 让步
13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.原因
14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.结果
15. We must do everything as he tells us.方式
16. India is much bigger than Japan.比较
17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.让步
18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.条件
二、1. when; 2. as soon as; 3. as; 4. though; 5. Whwerever; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. whenever; 9. Since; 10. because; 11. so that; 12. though; 13. as; 14. that; 15. than; 16. Even if; 17. that; 18. as
三、1~5 CADAC 6~10 ABCBA 11~15 DDCAB 16~20 DABAD 21~25 CABBA
26~30 BCCBD 31~35 BACDD 36~40 ADCDD 41~45 CCBAD 46~50 DBCBD
51~53 CDD
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇14：考点8 形容词性从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
考点8 形容词性从句
1. I walked in our garden, Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees.
A. which B. when C. where D. that
2. If a shop has chairs women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
3. You can find whatever you need at the shopping center, is always busy at the weekend.
A. that B. where C. what D. which
4. Her sister has become a lawyer, she wanted to be.
A. who B. that C. what D. which
5. Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those don’t.
A. who; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who; who D. 不填; 不填
6. We’re just trying to teach a point both sides will sit down together and talk.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
7. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
8. I never forget the days we spent together.
A. that B. when C. whose D. what
9. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, leading actor is world famous?
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
10. - Why does she always ask you for help?
- There is no one else , is there?
A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
11. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, we gave some bells and glasses.
A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which
12. I have many friends, some are businessmen.
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
13. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school, most _____ were from Germany.
A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom
14. I was given three books on cooking, the first I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which C. that D. which
15. This is the book I paid ten yuan.
A. for which B. for that C. which D. off which
16. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p. m. , many people have got home.
A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which
17. I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
A. When B. After C. As D. Since
18. The word “write” has the same pronunciation the word “right”.
A. of B. as C. to D. from
19. The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool,
A. what B. that C. how D. as
20. This book is very interesting. Where did you buy it? I will buy the same book you have bought.
A. which B. as C. that D. what
21. we all know, Taiwan is part of china.
A. As B. Which C. What D. That
22. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
23. Our language classes include a lot about the culture of the country language we are studying.
A. which B. whose C. whatever D. whichever
24. Who is the girl is hurrying to school?
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
25. Is there a gas station around I can get some petrol?
A. which B. what C. where D. that
26. Do you have anything to say for your selves?
- Yes, there’s one point we must insist on.
A. why B. where C. how D. /
27. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house roof is under repair.
A. whose B. which C. of which D. what
28. She was educated at Beijing University, ___ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.
A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that
29. Liu Xiang’s breaking the world record was an exciting moment, all of us will never forget.
A. that B. one C. it D. what
30. My teacher of English is really very kind. I’ll never for get the he has done me.
A. favor B. deed C. help D. value
31. Remember that the birthday _ we spend happily each year was just our mothers suffered bitterly.
A. when; what B. when; that C. that; when D. that; what
32. There is hardly an environment on earth some species of animal or other have not adapted successfully.
A. to which B. in which C. for which D. on which
33. After ten years of hard time, the young lady has turned movie star, she dreamed of becoming in her childhood.
A. who B. which C. that D. what
34. A supermarket, as the name suggests, is a place goods of all kinds can be bought.
A. what B. which C. where D. in which
35. There are many people only on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mail.
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
36. - Is that the small town you often refer to?
- Right, just the one you know I used to work for years.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
37. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs they are being trained.
A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which
38. The place the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which
39. Do you have any idea is actually going on in the classroom?
A. that B. what C. which D. where
40. Some of the things children like to collect are stamps and dolls.
A. that B. which C. whose D. who
41. We looked back over all happened during the past year, to ourselves, to our city and to the world.
A. which has B. that have C. that has D. which have
42. The large room the dance is held is beautifully decorated.
A. in which B. which C. that D. /
43. There are little tables people may sit when they are not dancing.
A. in which B. on which C. which D. that
44. Most of the jokes told by comedians are soon forgotten.
A. which was B. that was C. were D. that were
45. The most important roads in downtown were paved with large stones.
A. are B. is C. that are D. which are
46. I don’t know the reason you have changed your idea.
A. which B. as C. when D. why
47. The earth is a huge hall, 70% of covered with water.
A. which is B. which are C. that is D. that are
48. She is the only one of the teachers loved deeply.
A. who is B. who are C. that is D. that are
49. Who seen the film doesn't admire it?
A. who has B. who have C. that has D. that have
50. is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
51. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where B. which C. while D. why
52. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ___, of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what
53. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when
54. The news is spreading around the airport is a heavy storm is coming.
A. what; / B. that; that C. /; that D. that; which
考点 9 名词性从句
1. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.
A. why B. what C. who D. that
2. Damby left word with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
3. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.
A. where B. how C. what D. which
4. - Could you do me a favour?
- It depends on it is.
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever
5. Please remind me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.
A. where B. when C. how D. what
6. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that B. which C. until D. if
7. I try to understand prevents them from being as happy as one might expect although they are so rich. A. that B. what C. it D. whether
8. The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car and I could have the money without delay.
A. what B. that C. / D. whether
9. I have found out they will ask to lead the victory march on Saturday.
A. when B. where C. whom D. what
10. As soon as he comes back, I will tell him when and see him.
A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come
11. The old lady’s hand shook frequently, she explained to her doctor this shaking had begun half a year before, and , only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.
A. when; how B. how; when C. how; how D. why; why
12. Great changes have taken place in the school. It’s no longer _ it was 8 years ago, __ poorly equipped.
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that
13. What we used to think impossible now does seem possible.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
14. team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
15. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning.
A. when B. which C. where D. what
16. - It’s thirty years since we last met.
- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
17. We can’t figure out quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.
A. that B. as C. why D. when
18. A modern city has been set up in was a waste land ten years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
19. Mr. Smith suggested that all of the students their exercise books.
A. handed in B. should hand in C. handing in D. that hand in
20. After five hours’ drive, they reached they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.
A. that B. where C. which D. what
21. It is certain little Tom can work out such a difficult problem.
A. whether B. that C. if D. when
22. These photographs will show you _ .
A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like
C. how our village look like D. how does our village look like
23. The news our team won the match was true.
A. if B. that C. whether D. why
24. A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. A. if B. when C. that D. which
25. we’ll go camping next week depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
26. Father made a promise I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.
A. that B. if C. whether D. that if
27. There is some doubt she will be able to repay the money on time.
A. that B. if C. what D. whether
28. Doris’ success lies in the fact she is cooperative and eager to learn from others.
A. which B. that C. when D. why
29. These shoes look very good. I wonder .
A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost
C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost
30. makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever
31. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased be was a man of action.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
32. I shall never forget 9 a.m. on Oct, 12, the most exciting moment, Shen Zhou VI was launched, is always making me think of I can do more for my homeland.
A. that; which; which B. which; that; that C. when; as; what D. when; which; how
33. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.
A. / B. whether C. how D. what
34. The poor young man is ready to accept help he can get.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever
35. I was surmised by her words, which made me recognize silly mistakes I had made.
A. what B. that C. how D. which
36. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.
A. why B. what C. who D. which
37. The way he did it was different we were used to.
A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
38. The teacher demanded that our examination paper handed in at once.
A. be B. must be C. would be D. had to be
39. We all agree with him on he said.
A. what B. that C. why D. how
40. We must do well the party assigns us to do.
A. that B. what C. which D. those
41. I will give this dictionary to wants to have it.
A. whomever B, whoever C. whatever D. wherever
42. I’m sorry your mother is ill.
A. whom B. if C. that D. how
43. We think it important we should keep the balance of nature.
A. whether B. what C. that D. which
44. I hope happy while you are here.
A. you to be B. for your being C. you will be D. you being
45. We all know the news he told her.
A. to which B. / C. what D. at that
46. Word has come some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.
A. what B. that C. whether D. when
47. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
48. The reason I plan to go is if I don’t.
A. because she will be disappointed B. that she will be disappointed
C. because she will be disappointed D. on account of she will have a disappointed
49. the old man’s sons wanted to know was the gold had been hidden.
A. That; what B. What; where C. What; that D. What; if
50. What a pity is you didn’t arrive by daylight.
A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for
51. we can’t get seems better than we have.
A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what
52. It’s not yet clear of those will be chosen to do the job.
A. that B. whom C. which D. whose
53. It is probable he told her everything.
A. who B. which C. why D. that
54. It doesn’t matter I rest or not.
A. if B. whether C. that D. when
55. is still a secret when the president will make a public speech.
A. That B. He C. What D. It
56. breaks the law should be punished.
A. No matter who B. Whoever C. All D. Who
考点10 副词性从句
1. - Did Jack come back early last night?
- Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock he arrived home.
A. before B. when C. that D. until
2. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when B. that C. before D. since
3. Scientists think that the continents always where they today.
A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were
4. How can you expect to learn anything you never listen?
A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when
5. - Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?
- He rushed out of the room I could say a word.
A. before B. until C. when D. after
6. - How long do you think it will be China sends a manmade spaceship to the moon?
- Perhaps two or three years.
A. when B. until C. that D. before
7. the teacher came in, the students were fighting with each other.
A. While B. When C. As D. Since
8. many boys were playing basketball on the playground, the girls were singing and dancing in the room.
A. When B. While C. Before D. As
9. he walked along the street, he sang happily.
A. When B. While C. As D. That
10. It is known to all that you exercise regularly ,you won’t keep good health.
A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if
11. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s I have to wait.
A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if
12. you have tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.
A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When
13. We don’t keep winning games we keep playing well.
A. because B. unless C. when D. while
14. His plan was such a good one we all agreed to accept it.
A. so B. and C. that D. as
15. China can get more benefit it is a member of WTO.
A. because B. on condition that C. though D. when
16. Tom is a young boy he can’t earn money.
A. such; that B. so; that C. /; that D. such; when
17. He will not leave it is fine tomorrow.
A. if B. unless C. as long as D. in case
18. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, they are different from your own.
A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though
19. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, she was an only child.
A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as
20. most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious.
A. As B. Once C. If D. Although
21. he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.
A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although
22. This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, .
A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may cost
C. however much it may cost D. how may it cost
23. you do, you must work hard.
A. No matter what B. Whatever C. What D. A and B
24. , I won’t marry her.
A. As I love her much B. Much as I love her C. As much I love her D. I love her as much
25. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early I can have time for a cup of tea.
A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that
26. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A. which B. when C. so that D. as if
27. We must hurry up catch up with the last train.
A. that B. so that to C. in order that D. in order to
28. We must work hard at school we can get high marks and good reputation.
A. so as to B. so that C. so D. in order to
29. He is as tall as
A.I B. me C. my D. A and B
30. He didn’t go to bed _______ his mother came back.
A. till B. until C. as D. since
31. Although he is considered a great writer, ________.
A. however his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read
C. his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read
32. , he never seems able to do the work beautifully.
A. Try as he does B. As he tries C. Try as does he D. As he does try
33. The old man runs very fast as if he a young man.
A. is B. was C. were D. will be
34. You’d better take something to read when you go to see the doctor you have to wait.
A. even if B. as if C. in case D. in order that
35. I will have to wait for him _______ he comes back.
A. till B. until C. as D. A and B
36. he was 16, he didn’t leave his mother.
A. Till B. Until C. Not until D. After
37. , he knows a lot.
A. Child as is he B. Child as he is C. As he is a child D. As a child is he
38. If you are traveling the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.
A. in which B. what C. when D. where
39. - Morn, what did your doctor say?
- He advised me to live the air is fresher.
A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where
40. He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears.
A. why B. where C. when D. while
41. Lucy, the boy was frightened by the terrible noise from the next room. Take him ________ it’s quiet, I think. A. when B. where C. what D. before
42. - Do you smoke? - No, I don’t. But I used to. It’s two years since I .
A. smoked B. didn’t smoke C. have smoked D. began to smoke
43. your opinions are worth considering, the president finds it unwise to place too much importance on them. A. As B. Since C. When D. While
44. Let’s put off the picnic until next week, the weather may be better.
A. then B. if C. as D. when
45. Bekoff has found animals sometimes try not to hit or bite, especially they are playing with a weaker partner.
A. if B. before C. unless D. when
46. He transplanted the little tree to the garden it was the best time for it.
A. where B. when C. that D. until
47. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early I can have time for a cup of tea.
A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that
48. The American Civil War lasted four years the North won in the end.
A. after B. when C. before D. then
49. It is known to all that you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health.
A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if
50. It was some time we realized the truth.
A. when B. until C. since D. before
51. You must keep on working in the evening, you are sure you can finish the task in time.
A. as B. if C. when D. unless
52. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when B. that C. before D. since
53. After the war, a new school was put up there once had been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
54. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up I could answer the phone.
A. as B. since C. until D. before
55. - Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
- Oh, yes. others are weak, he is strong.
A. If B. When C. Where D. Though
56. I shall still go outside.
A. As the sun is hot B. Hot as is the sun C. Hot as the sun is D. Though is the sun
57. The harder you , progress you will make.
A. will work; greater B. will work; much C. work; the greater D. work; much greater
58. He is going you went last week.
A. where B. wherever C. when D. in the place
59. I have never heard from her I left my hometown.
A. since B. as C. before D. when
60. No sooner had he arrived __________ she started complaining.
A. when B. as C. than D. while
61. Roses need special care they can live through winter.
A. because B. so that C. even if D. as
62. you call me to say you are not coming, I will see you at the theatre.
A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless
63. modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.
A. While B. Since C. As D. If
64. Scientists say it may be five or six years it is possible to test this medicine.
A. since B. after C. before D. when
65. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a park she was bitten on the leg by a lion.
A. when B. while C. since D. once
66. Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. A. because B. though C. unless D. if
考点小资料（复合句：形容词、名词、副词从句）
I. “介词+关系代词”结构的用法
i. “不定代词或数词或名词+of which / whom”在定语从句中作主语。
ii. “介词+whose”修饰后面的名词作定语。
iii. “介词+which+不定式”相当于一个简化了的定语从句。
iv. 注意“介词+where” 引导的定语从句：有时在阅读过程中我们会碰到“介词+where”引导的定语从句，此时要和“介词+which”引导的定语从句从意义上加以区别。如：They stood on the top of the building, from where they could see the whole city. ( from where相当于from the top of the building，而不是from the building )
II. which / that的区别：当先行词指物时，许多情况下既可以用关系代词which，也可以用关系代词that。在下列情况下，只能使用关系代词that：i. 当先行词是不定代词all，much，little，something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。如: Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself ? / You should hand in all that you have. ii. 当先行词前面有only，any，few，little，no，all，very等词修饰时。如：This is the very book that I’ m looking for. / The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. iii. 当先行词是形容词最高级时或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best that has been wasted against pollution./This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. iv. 当先行词是序数词或它前有一个序数词时，如：This train is the last that will go to Huangzhou. / What is the first American film that you have seen? v. 当先行词既有人又有物时，如：Do yon know the things and persons that they are talking about? vi. 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。如：Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the boy that won the gold medal? vii. 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个空用that. 如：They secretly built up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution.
III. 形式主语的四个主要句型
(1) It+be+名词+that从句:
It is a pity that … “可惜的是”，用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question等。
(2) It+be+形容词+that从句
It is certain that …“很肯定”，用于此句型的形容词还有clear/better/natural/important/necessary。
(3) It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句
It is said that …“据说”，可用于此句型的过去分词还有believed / known / reported等。
(4) It+不及物动词+that从句
It seems that …“好像是……似乎……”可用于此句型的不及物动词还有happen / appear等。
IV. 同位语从句：同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, problem, promise, question, request, suggestion, truth, wish, word 等。
V. 特殊的状语从句连接词：时间状语从句通常由从属连词when，while，whenever，as，after，as soon as，till，until，since，once，before等引导。但下列两类词(组)也可作为连词来引导时间状语从句：the moment, the minute, the second, the next time, the first time, by the time, every(each) time, the day (year, month) 等； immediately，directly，instantly等。
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篇15：语法复习四：定语从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法复习四：定语从句
（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导
1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
2、关系副词：when, where, why
关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用， 同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）
The comrade with whom I came knows French.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）
3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。
（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。
e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）
2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。
e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）
（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题
1、that与which的区别。
1）用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。
e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。
2）用which而不用 that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句；②代表整个主句的意思；③介词 + 关系代词。
e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。
3）as引导定语从句时的用法
①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。
e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。
e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
3）as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别
①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。
e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.
He made a long speech, which was unexpected.
②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。
e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。
e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。
The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。
e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.
4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。
e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.
5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。
e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.
6. 介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介词在句尾，关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who，且可省略。
e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.
练习、定语从句
一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：
1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.
2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.
3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.
4. The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.
5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.
6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.
7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.
8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.
9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.
10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.
11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.
12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.
13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.
14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.
15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.
16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.
17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.
18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.
19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.
20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.
二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:
1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
三、选择填空：
1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.
A. who B. which C. whom D. when
2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.
A. that B. which C. what D. as
4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.
A. which B. that C. whom D. as
6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.
A. whom B. which C. who D. when
7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?
A. who B. / C. that D. when
9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.
A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who
10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which
11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking
12. The man ____ around our school is from America.
A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed
13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.
A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who
14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?
A. that B. whom C. when D. whose
16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A. that B. which C. whatever D. all
17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those
18. This is the very letter ____came last night.
A. who B. which C. that D. as
19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.
A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one
20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
A. where B. / C. when D. what
21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
A. where B. that C. which D. on which
22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.
A. which B. in which C. that D. /
23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.
A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which
24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?
A. that B. which C. its D. whose
25. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom
26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. which C. that D. where
27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. where C. in which D. /
28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
A. it B. which C. that D. he
30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.
A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were
31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.
A. which B. whose C. where D. in that
32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.
A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it
33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.
A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which
34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.
A. when B. that C. at which D. where
36. I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.
A. which B. as C. that D. it
38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.
A. What B. As C. That D. Which
39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.
A. whose B. that C. whom D. who
40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.
A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which
41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?
A. why B. which C. for that D. of which
42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
A. which B. what C. it D. that
43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.
A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed
44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
A. It B. Which C. As D. That
45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.
A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what
46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what
47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what
48. He is absent ____ is often the case.
A. what B. which C. who D. as
49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.
A. that B. which C. what D. when
50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
A. who B. that C. whom D. which
51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who
52. This is the only book ____ I can find.
A. that B. which C. it D. with which
53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.
A. something could do B. anything we could do
C. nothing we couldn’t do D. nothing we could do
参考答案
语法复习四：定语从句
一、1. The fan that you want is on the desk. 2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. The train which was going to Nanning was late. 9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. He used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.
二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which
三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB 21~25 ABBDC
26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC 41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB
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篇16：定语从句、名词性从句 高考题 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
定语从句、名词性从句
高考题汇编
1. The weather turned out to be very good, _____________ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
2. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _____________ came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
3. The result of the experiment was very good, ____________ we hadn’t expected.
A. when B. that C. which D. what
4. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _____, of course, made the others envy him.
A. who B. that C. what D. which
5. He was very rude to the Customs officer, ____ of course made things even worse.
A. who B. whom C. what D. which
6. Anyway, that evening, _______ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.
A. when B. where C. what D. which
7. He made another wonderful discovery, _____________ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is
C. which I think it D. I think which is
8. New York, ____ last year, is a nice old city.
A. that I visited B. which I visited
C. where I visited D. in which I visited
9. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _____________, of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what
10. Carol said the work would be done by October, ____ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
11. Jim passed the driving test, ____ surprised everybody in the office.
A. which B. that C. this D. it
12. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
13. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ____________ was true.
A. he B. this C. which D. who
14. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ____________ the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which
15. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., _____________ many people have gone home.
A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which time
16. Mark was a student at this university from to , __________ , he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students' Union.
A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose D. by that time
17. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
18. He was educated at a local grammar school, _________ he went on to Cambridge.
A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this
19. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop ____ to produce the workings of his own hands.
A. that B. in which C. by which D. how
20. I was given three books on cooking, the first _____ I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which C. that D. which
21. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ________ are sold abroad .
A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that
22. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
23. The English play _____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which
24. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger.
A. in which B. by which C. which D. that
25. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained.
A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which
26.I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ____ she had come.
A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which
27. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____________ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
28. Her sister has become a lawyer, she wanted to be.
A. who B. that C. what D. which
29. I don’t like _____________ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that
C. the way which D. the way of which
30. What surprised me was not what he said but ____________ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
31. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _____________ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
32. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____________ in the forest.
A. once they grew B. they grew once
C. that once grew D. once grew
33. I work in a business ______________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.
A. how B. which C. where D. that
34. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
35. A fast food restaurant is the place __________, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.
A. which B. where C. there D. what
36. -Is that the small town you often refer to?
-Right, just the one you know I used to work for years.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
37. If a shop has chairs____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
38. We are just trying to reach a point __ both sides will sit down together and talk.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
39. I can think of many cases ____ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
A. why B. which C. as D. where
40. We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
41. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where B. which C. while D. why
42. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums and some other places, ____ other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
43. Carol said the work would be done by October, ____________ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
44. Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago?
A. where B. when C. that D. what
45. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when
46. We are living in an age ____ many things are done on computer.
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
47. The famous basketball star, _____________ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
A. where B. when C. which D. who
48. The gentleman _____________ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.
A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom
49. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
50. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _____we gave some bells and glasses.
A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which
51. I have many friends, ________ some are businessmen.
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
52. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ____ Chinese in school, most ____ were from Germany.
A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom
53. - Why does she always ask you for help?
- There is no one else ______, is there?
A. who to turn to B. she can turn to
C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
54. Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ___ don’t.
A. who; / B. /; who C. who; who D. /; /
55. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house _______ roof is under repair.
A. whoseB. which C. of which D. that
56. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ____ leading actor is world-famous/
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
57. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ________ effects people are still suffering.
A. that B. whose C. those D. what
58. George Orwell, ____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.
A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name
59. He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years.
A. is B. are C. have been D. has been
60. These houses are sold at such a low price _____________ people expected.
A. like B. as C. that D. which
61. ____________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
62. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
63. ____ is one belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.
A. As B. That C. This D. It
64. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A. Which B. When C. What D. As
65. ____________ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
A. When B. After C. As D. Since
66. The Beatles, __ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
A. what B. that C. how D. as
67. ---- Do you remember ____ he came?
---- Yes, I do. He came by car.
A. how B. when C. that D. if
68. I remember ____ this used to be a quiet village.
A. when B. how C. where D. what
69. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____.
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
70. I know nothing about the young lady, ____ she is from Beijing.
A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides
71. The suit fitted him well ____ the color was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
72. Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.
A. that B. how C. such D. so
73. The old lady’s hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun half a year before, and _____, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.
A. when; how B. how; when C. how; how D. why; why
74. These wild flowers are so special I would do _____ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. thatC. which D. whichever
75. The poor young man is ready to accept ____ help he can get.
A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whenever
76. Eat ____ cake you like and leave the others for ____ comes in late.
A. any; who B. every; whoever C. whichever; whoever D. either; whoever
77. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____ shares her interests.
A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who
78. A computer can only do_________ you have instructed it to do.
A. how B. after C. what D. when
79. -I think it’s going to be a big problem.
-Yes, it could be.
-I wonder we can do about it.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
80. I think Father would like to know ____ I've been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A. which B. why C. what D. how
81. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
82. We haven’t settled the question of ____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
83. It is a matter of ____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
84. --- Could you do me a favor?
--- It depends on ____ it is.
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever
85. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly ____ he wants.
A. what B. which C. when D. that
86. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
87. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ______ he thought was not enough.
A. where B. how C. what D. which
88. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
89. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made.
A. what B. that C. how D. which
90. The way he did it was different we were used to.
A．in which B．in what C．from what D．from which
91. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand______ they insist on going by motor-bike.
A. why B. whether C. when D. how
92. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _____it is rough or smooth.
A. / B. whether C. how D. what
93. Please remind me ____ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.
A. where B. when C. how D. what
94. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
95. We can’t figure out ____ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.
A. that B. as C. why D. when
96. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when ____ and see him.
A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come
97. Mum is coming. What present ____ for your birthday?
A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got
98. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ____ silly mistakes I had made.
A. what B. that C. how D. which
99. ---- What did your parents think about your decision?
---- They always let me do ____ I think I should.
A. when B. that C. how D. what
100. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before.
A. that B. how C. where D. what
101. It is pretty well understood ____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in the out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when C. what D. how
102. ____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.
A. what is required B. what requires C. It is required D. It requires
103. ____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
104. ____ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A. what B. who C. whatever D. whoever
105. ____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.
A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what
106. ____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where
107. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _______ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
A. where B. what C. that D. how
108. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _______ it was?
A．where B．what C．how D．which
109. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter _____ I’m talking to.
A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom
110. ____ team wins on Saturday will do through to the national championships.
A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
111. ____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
112. A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
A. ifB. whenC. thatD. which
113. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
114. Along with the letter was his promise _______ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
115. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt __ a cure for AIDS will be found.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
116. Danby left word with my secretary ______he would call again in the afternoon.
A．who B．that C．as D．which
117. Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom?
A．that B．what C．as D．which
118. --- It’s thirty years since we last met.
--- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ___ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
119. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class ____ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
A. why B. thatC. where D. because
120. There’s a feeling in me ____ we’ll never know what a UFO is – not ever.
A. that B. which C. of which D. what
121. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____ road conditions need ____.
A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved
C. where; improving D. when; improving
122. There is much chance ____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that B. which C. until D. if
123. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree.
A. why B. where C. what D. how
124. See the flags on the top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.
A. when B. which C. where D. what
125. Perseverance is a kind of quality ---- and that’s ____ it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. that C. which D. why
126. ---- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
---- Oh, that’s ____
A. what makes me fell excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
127. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---- Is that ____ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
128. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. ____ I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how
129. Is this the reason ______________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
130. I can think of many cases _____________ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
A. why B. which C. as D. where
131. The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ________the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
132. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, _____ it was so poorly equipped.
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that
133. It was not until she got home _____ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
A. when B. that C. where D. before
134. I just wonder _____ that makes him so excited.
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
135. If you are traveling ______ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.
A. in which B. what C. when D. where
136. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _____ there is human suffering.
A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever
137. --- Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
--- Yes, there’s one point _____ we must insist on.
A. why B. whereC. how D. /
138. ---- Don’t you think it necessary that he ____ to Miami but to New York?
---- I agree, but the problem is ____ he has refused to.
A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what
定语从句、名词性从句
强化训练
1. Is there a bar around _____I can have something to eat?
A. that B. what C. which D. where
2. I’ll talk about a newly-opened market ______ you may get all _______ you need.
A. in which; which B. where; that
C. where; what D. which; that
3. We travelled together as far as Chicago, _____ we said goodbye to each other.
A. which B. when C. why D. where
4. With the development of agriculture, the people _______ village I taught before have lived a happy life.
A. who B. whose C. in whose D. in which
5. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place _____ you may spend your weekend.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
6. China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
A. from that B. from where C. from there D. from here
7. Earth is a rocky planet ______ liquid water, which is necessary for life, can exist.
A. which B. as C. where D. when
8. He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.
A. where B. on which C. under which D. which
9. Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A. which B. where C. that D. about which
10. EBay, Amazon and Wal-Mart are popular websites ______ people can sell goods to each other.
A. where B. which C. when D. whose
11. We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents and some relatives.
A. which B. that C. who D. where
12. We should get more teachers into the schools ____ they are most needed, namely, in the western areas of our country.
A. which B. where C. when D. while
13. In experiments ____ young teens are allowed to sleep as long as they want, they tend to sleep an average of 9 hours.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
14. The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight, _____ he had been dreaming of for years.
A. that; which B. where ; that C. in which ; what D. where; which
15. Can you think of some cases ______ drivers obviously knew the traffic rules but didn’t obey them?
A. why B. where C. as D. which
16. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point______ he can walk correctly and safely.
A. when B. which C. where D. whose
17. The oral interpretation, according to Ella Leung, a judge in the competition, is designed to test the degree ____ an interpreter has been “exposed” to English.
A. to that B. with which C. with whom D. to which
18. Mr. White will come to the party on Sunday, ____ he promise to every one of us.
A. when B. that C. what D. which
19. The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.
A. the roof of which B. which roof C. its roof D. the roof
20. Edison made a lot of inventions, ____ of great importance.
A. which I think are B. which I think they are
C. which I think they D. I think which are
21. It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.
A. which I think was B. which I think it was
C. I think which was D. I think which it was
22. The human are destroying nature day by day, ______ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.
A. who B. when C. on which D. which
23. This is the largest clock in the world, ____ the minute hand is six metres long.
A. that B. of which C. which D. whose
24. My glasses, _____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
A. which B. with which C. without which D. that
25. The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. most of that B. which most C. most of which D. that most
26. There are two rooms on the first floor, ______ is used as a guest room.
A. a smaller of which B. a smaller of them
C. the smaller of which D. the small of them
27. His factory produces half a million MP4 every year, 80% ____ are sold abroad.
A. of which B. of whose C. of them D. of that
28. You may call on me from one to five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.
A. the time B. what time C. that time D. which time
29. The fence in our garden, _____ my father built many years ago, has lasted for a long time.
A. that B. which C. what D. where
30. His sister had become a teacher, ______ was what he wanted to be.
A. who B. what C. that D. which
31. The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
A. when B. during that C. in which D. which
32. There are moments in life ______ you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them up from dreams and hug them for real.
A. where B. how C. why D. when
33. I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.
A. of which B. for which C. to that D. to which
34. Mr. Crossett will never forget the day _____ he spent with his various students.
A. when B. which C. during which D. on which
35. ---- Did you remember the days ____ we worked on the farm?
---- Certainly. Especially the hard times ____ we spent together.
A. which; when B. when; which C. when; when D. which; which
36. A basketball weighs more after air is put in, ____ proves that air has weight.
A. as B. it C. that D. which
37. A war is so cruel that it always causes great losses, ______ has happened in Iraq and other countries.
A. what B. as C. which D. one
38. _____ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
39. It’s known to us ______ there is pollution, there is harm.
A. that B. where C. what D. that where
40. He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.
A. that B. as C. it D. what
41. _____, the compass was first made in China.
A. It is know to all B. It is known that
C. We all know D. As is known to all
42. ____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. it B. As C. That D. What
43. I have bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. than
44. If Ken comes late, ____ is usual for another time, we’ll not receive him any more.
A. which B. that C. it D. as
45. “I’d like to give my thanks to those ____ help my son will be able to survive his terrible disease,” said the woman on TV.
A. who B. that C. with whose D. with their
46. She is one of the few girls who _____ passed the examination.
A. was B. were C. has D. have
47. A football fan is _____ has a strong interest in football.
A. a thing that B. something that C. a person who D. what
48. I, ____ your friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. which are B. which is C. who is D. who am
49. On my way home in the street I saw a lady ___ I thought was your aunt.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
50. A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. who B. who’s C. whose D. which
51. He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.
A. whom B. who C. when D. because
52. I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
53. He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom
54. The car ran into a crowd of middle school students, ____ to hospital immediately.
A. two of whom sent B. two of them sent
C. two of whom are sent D. two of them sending
55. He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.
A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom
56. The CCTV Tower, _____ base is an electrical equipment shop, is frequently visited by many travelers.
A. which B. whose C. its D. that
57. He is such a lazy man ______ nobody wants to work with ______.
A. as; his B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him
58. The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the seaside.
A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed
59. Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday?
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
60. Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day?
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
61. The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.
A. that B. what C. why D. for which
62. Will you please show me the way to the only tall building _______ stands near the post office?
A. / B. in which C. that D. where
63. Both the girl and her dog ____ were crossing the street were hit by a coming car.
A. which B. who C. they D. that
64. Is this just the city ____ the foreign guests wish to pay a visit _____.
A. which, to B. to which, / C. that, to D. to that, /
65. It’s one of the most interesting stories _____ I have _____ read
A. which, never B. that, ever C. that, never D. which, ever
66. I remember that ____ took part in the ball party had a wonderful time.
A. all B. all that C. all which D. all what
67. I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.
A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all
68. He was so angry at all _____ he was doing ____ he walked out.
A. what; what B. that; that C. that; what D. what; what
69. “We’ll make public schools ______ can be”, said the President in the speech.
A. all they B. what it C. that they D. all it
70. All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A. that B. those C. which D. what
71. They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
72. Which sentence is wrong?
A. The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.
B. Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform?
C. Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.
D. People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.
73. This is just the place _____ I am longing to visit these years.
A. that B. where C. in which D. to where
74. Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?
A. which B. what C. why D. for that
75. I’ve got to make ____ he told a lie.
A. that clear B. it clear that C. quite clear D. this clear that
76. There are many things in different areas ____ we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS.
A. where B. there C. what D. that
77. The reason why she couldn’t come to the meeting was_____ she had not been invited.
A. because B. which C. that D. why
78. America was______ was first called “India” by Columbus.
A. what B. Where C. the place D. there where
79. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just _______ worries the public.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
80. What the doctor really doubts is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
81. Go and get your coat. It’s ______ you left it.
A. there B. where C. there where D. where there
82. Water will continue to be_____ it is today---next to oxygen in importance.
A. how B. which C. as D. that
83. Air is to us ______water is to fish.
A. that B. what C. where D. how
84. ---Do you know _____Mr. Black’s address is?
---He may live at No.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street. I’m not sure of ______.
A. what; which B. Where; which C. where; what D. what; where
85. --- I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.
--- Oh, that was probably ____ I was seeing the doctor.
A. when B. why C. what D. that
86. The mountain is no longer ____ it used to be.
A. which B. that C. what D. as
87. The difficulty we now meet with is _____ we can persuade him to tell us the truth.
A. whether B. that C. what D. how
88. ---Have you found Jack?
---Yes, he is _____ you told me to go.
A. where B. which C. what D. when
89. Being a good listener is a kind of quality and that’s ____ it takes to keep friendship.
A. how B. what C. which D. where
90. Have you thought about ____ to give her as a present?
A. what B. who C. which D. where
91. I used to work in a nursery before so I know ____ to expect in this new job.
A. what B. how C. why D. whatever
92. Many of the creatures in Rowling’s world are not real, and much of ______ happens is strange.
A. which B. that C. what D. it
93. Native American from the southeastern part of ______ is now the United States believed that the universe in which they lived was made up of three worlds.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
94. --- How do you like the book?
--- It’s quite different from _____ I read last month.
A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what
95. ---- Can you see the Jinsha Museum from ____ you are standing?
---- Yes, and it’s really well designed.
A. where B. which C. the place D. here
96. You can’t imagine ______when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
97. First you must tell me______.
A. what is the size of the room B. how big the size the room is
C. How big the room is D. What size room is it
98. ---Would you like to have a swim with us in the sea?
---I will ask my parents_______.
A. whether they will agree to go B. if they let me go
C. if they will let me go D. whether they allow me to go
99. Remember ______ this used to be a quiet village.
A. when B. how C. where D. what
100. At least the soldiers reached ______ the locals called the Golden Triangle.
A. that B. where C. when D. what
101. He was lucky enough to sell his car for exactly ______.
A. where he had paid for it B. what he had paid for it
C. what he was paid for it D. which he had paid for it
102. ---Do you mind if Jim will come to help?
---I really don’t know ______ a person like him can help me with.
A. what B. that C. how D. if
103. We don’t know ______.
A. this is whose dictionary B. whose dictionary is this
C. whose dictionary this is D. whose is this dictionary
104. Each blind man believed ____ he knew just ____ the elephant looked like.
A. that; what B. what; that C. that; that D. what; what
105. It is said that the famous football star is willing to play for _______ would pay him three million dollars a year.
A. anyone B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever
106. They decided to turn to _____ can help him out of difficulty.
A. whose B. who C. whoever D. those
107. The chief manager has decided to put ______ he thinks is energetic, clever, and has good qualities in the position of the leader ship of the company.
A. those who B. anyone C. whomever D. whoever
108. ---_____ can I do with such a situation?
---Take _____ measure you consider best.
A. How; whichever B. What; whatever C. How; whatever D. What; whichever
109. ---Can I sit in the front row?
---Yes. You can take _____ seat you like.
A. whatever B. what C. whichever D. which
110. It’s the third time _____ late this month.
A. that you arrived B. when you arrived
C. that you’ve arrived D. when you’ve arrived
111. I really hate ____ if all of you refuse to accept his invitation.
A. that B. this C. it D. which
112. He insisted that what he did______ completely right.
A. was B. be C. should be D. had been
113. My father has made me _____ I am.
A. who B. which C. what D. that
114._____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
115.______his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if
116._____gone is gone. _____ no use talking about it any more.
A. That’s; It’s B. What’s; It’s C. It’s; That’s D. That’s; That’s
117.______ is known to us all is that the earth is smaller than the sun.
A. What B. As C. Which D. It
118. In some countries, ______ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state.
A. that B. which C. as D. what
119. ______ is Britain now used to be three different countries and over many years the three countries became one.
A. It B. Where C. What D. As
120. In some countries, ____ is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.
A. which B. that C. what D. one
121. _____ she said suggested that she hadn’t decided _____ to go or not.
A. What; if B. That; whether C. What; whether D. What; whichever
122.______do you think is the best doctor in the hospital?
A. Whom B. What C. Who D. Whose
123. _______ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known.
A. Whom B. Whoever C. Who D. What
124. ______ would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _____ there are all kinds of difficulties.
A. Who; somewhere B. Whoever; where C. Whatever; anywhere D. Who; there
125._____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever
126. ---Who cooks supper at your home? Your mother?
---Oh! ____ gets home first is to cook supper.
A. Who B. Whom C. Those who D. Whoever
127.______you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
128. ________ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
A. What B. That C. This D. Which
129. _______ she was sick, I was expected to take her place greatly surprised me, for I didn’t have much work experience.
A. That if B. That C. If that D. If
130. ___ the boy didn’t take the medicine made his mother very angry.
A. That B. What C. How D. Which
131. ---I saw your neighbor break your window with a stone.
---___ it made me really mad.
A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break
132. ____ we go swimming every day _____ us a lot of good.
A. If, do B. That, do C. Whether, does D. That , does
133._______ get such a book?
A. Where do you think can I B. Do you think where can I
C. Do you think where I can D. Where do you think I can
134. ____ is not known yet.
A. What time she has gone B. Where she has gone
C. How did she leave D. Why did she go
135. It is doubtful _____ he knows it or not.
A. whether B. what C. when D. that
136. It is said ________ was how the Chinese first raised silk worms.
A. that, what B. that, which C. that who D. that that
137. It is suggested that no one ______ to work in areas hit by SARS.
A. be sent B. is sent C. will be sent D. sends
138. It makes good sense ____ people are growing more crops so that fewer people will die from starvation.
A. that B. what C. whether D. which
139. It is not yet clear _______ of those will be chosen to do the job.
A. that B. whom C. whoever D. which
140. ---- I don’t think ____ was reported in yesterday’s newspaper is true.
---- Neither do I.
A. what B. that C. anything D. everything
141. There is a feeling in her ____ she’ll be chosen to attend the conference on behalf of her company.
A. which B. of which C. what D. that
142. Have you heard the news ____ the Chinese athletes won 165 gold medals at the 15th Asian Games?
A. whether B. what C. which D. that
143. The rumor ____ French president Nicolas Sarkozy and his wife ended their marriage turned out to be true.
A. which B. who C. what D. that
144. I have no doubt ______ he will finish the task in time.
A. whether B. that C. if D. what
145. He made a promise ______ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.
A. that B. if C. what D. that if
146. One of the men held the view ______ the book said was right.
A. that what B. what that C. that D. whether
147. The question came up at the meeting _____ we had not enough money to do the research.
A. whether B. that C. if D. what
148. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ______ road conditions need to be improved.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
149. Word came ____his poem won the first prize.
A. that B. whether C. as D. because
150. They have no idea at all ____.
A. where he has gone B. where did he go
C. which place had he gone D. where has he gone
151. His suggestion ____ to see the exhibition interested every one of us.
A. that we go B. which we should go
C. that we would go D. when we should go
152. He made a suggestion that we ____ early.
A. started B. should be started C. start D. would start
153. Although he knew little about the work done in the field of physics, he succeeded ______other experienced experts failed.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
154. Father made a promise _______ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.
A. that B. if C. whether D. that if
155. He is not _____ a fool _____.
A. such ; as he is looked B. such ; as he looks
C. as ; as he is looked D. so ; as he looks
156. Although most of them have no doubt ____ he will pass the exam, I still think there is something about _____ he has really got everything ready.
A. whether; that B. that; whether C. that; that D. whether; whether
157. It was _____ he said _______ disappointed me most.
A. what, that B. that, that C. what, what D. that , what
158. ---I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
---It was in his office _____ he worked.
A. where B. which C. that D. the one
159. The reason ______ he raised for being late with the exercise was _____ he had to send his mother to school.
A. that; that B. why; because C. why; that D. that; because
160. That art centre is ______ used to be a factory, ______ millions of tractors were made.
A. what; where B. where; where C. what; which D. where; which
161. Was it in the beautiful park ___ was located by the sea ____ we first met our new Chinese teacher?
A. where; which B. which; which C. that; that D. which; where
162. Was it through Betty, ____ was working at a high school, ____ you get to know Tonny?
A. who; who B. who; that C. that; which D. who; which
163. ____ worried the doctors most was ____they could find the cause of the disease.
A. What; how B. That; that C. What; what D. How; what
164. Dr. Richards told me ____ the test results showed ____ I was suffering from a serious disease ____ I can’t imagine.
A. what; that; that B. that; which; what C. that; that; that D. which; what; that
165. ____ is it ____ Hawking does not like about his speech computer?
A. What; which B. What; what C. What; that D. That; that
166. ---- Have you got used to the college life here?
---- Yes, but I don’t like ____ when we have to do exercises on cold winter morning.
A. that B. it C. those D. this
167. ---- What do you think of the book Harry Potter?
---- Harry Potter is a world of magic and wonders, ____ anything can happen.
A. that which B. the one where C. one which D. one where
168. ---- How unhappy your roommate looks!
---- Yes, but he’s not willing to tell me what it is ____ is troubling him.
A. what B. which C. as D. that
169. The news ____ is spreading around the airport is ____ a big snowstorm will come attacking.
A. which; which B. /; that C. that; which D. that; that
170. Mr. Frank asked me a question ____ I could go with him to ____ he called the Treasure House the next week.
A. that; which B. whether; that C. whether; what D. that; where
171. For many seniors in some universities, the final year can be an unpleasant experience, ____ that ends the campus romance.
A. which B. the one C. what D. one
172. Of one thing I am concerned ____ hard work contributes to good results.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
173. Today the view ____ education should be about more than scores is widely held by both teachers and students.
A. how B. what C. that D. why
174. Many standardized tests in our life turned out to be simple, ____ beyond expectations.
A. which was B. they are C. which were D. it is
175. ---- On the contrary, I think it is the mother, rather than her children, ____ to blame.
---- I agree with you.
A. what is B. that is C. who are D. that are
176. ---- How is the case/
---- A hair and some drops of blood were found, in the light of ___ the murderer will soon be found out.
A. that B. which C. what D. when
177. ---- I told him to take ____ he considered helpful to him and his family from everything ____ I was having then.
---- You were really kind to him.
A. what; what B. what; whichever C. whatever; that D. whichever; that
178. If the project should be delayed for a day, ___ would mean we would be fined $ 100,000.
A. that B. as C. which D. and it
179. When I try to understand ____ it is that prevents so man Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me ____ there are quite a few causes.
A. why; that B. which; as C. what; that D. whether; since
180. Though there are few Chinese ____ have heard of the Great Wall, many of them haven’t been there yet.
A. as B. who C. but D. that
181. He, as a member of the Communist Party, always thinks of ____ he can do more for the people.
A. what B. if C. why D. how
182. Jane’s father has bought her a nice sports car, ____ we all know it.
A. as B. which C. that D. and
183. At present teenagers prefer going to the net bar, ____ as is known to some of them, they can chat with their friends or play games, ____ some more reading.
A. which; rather than do B. which; doing C. where; to doing D. where; to do
184. The task required ____ did it ____ careful and brave enough.
A. who; is B. whom; was C. whomever; were D. whoever, be
185. As we know, every minute ____ full use of ____ our lessons will do good to our students.
A. which makes; studying B. when made; to study
C. that is made; study D. that is made; studying
186. Never should we forget about the war in Iraq and the sufferings ____ caused to the people there.
A. it B. which C. that D. what
187. A similar trick is used in so-called “bait-and-switch” ads, ____ is the customer is shown one product (the bait) and then given another.
A. it B. that C. which D. what
188. Perhaps that is the only point ___ I completely agree.
A. that B. which C. with which D. where
定语从句、名词性从句
高考题汇编
1-5 BCCDD 6-10 DABBD 11-15 ADCAD 16-20ADCBB 21-25 ADCAD
26-30 DBDAA 31-35 BCCAB 36-40 CDADA 41-45 ACBCD 46-50 DDBDB
51-55 DDBCA 56-60 CBDDB 61-65 BBDDC 66-70 DAADC 71-75BBCAC
76-80 CCCCC 81-85 CCACA 86-90 BCAAC 91-95 ABBBC 96-100 ACADD
101-105 CCDAA 106-110 ABDBD 111-115 BCDBB 116-120 BBBBA
121-125 AABDA 126-130 AABAD 131-135 CABDD 136-138 DDB
定语从句、名词性从句
强化训练
1-5 DBDCD 6-10 BCADA 11-15 DBDDB 16-20 CDDAA 21-25 ADBCC
26-30 CADBD 31-35 CDDBB 36-40 DBBDB 41-45 DBADC 46-50 DCDAC
51-55 BABCD 56-60 BCADA 61-65 ACDCB 66-70 BDBAA 71-75 BAACB
76-80 DCAAC 81-85 BCBAA 86-90 CDABA 91-95 ACDCA 96-100 BCCAD
101-105 BACAD 106-110 CDBCC 111-115 CACBB 116-120 BADCC
121-125 CCCBD 126-130 DCBAA 131-135 ADDBA 136-140 DAADA
141-145 DDDBD 146-150 ABAAA 151-155 ACDDB 156-160 BAAAA
161-165 CBACC 166-170 BDDDC 171-175 DDCAB 176-180 BCACC
181-185 DDCDB 186-188 ABD
定语从句、名词性从句
高考题汇编
1-5 BCCDD 6-10 DABBD 11-15 ADCAD 16-20ADCBB 21-25 ADCAD
26-30 DBDAA 31-35 BCCAB 36-40 CDADA 41-45 ACBCD 46-50 DDBDB
51-55 DDBCA 56-60 CBDDB 61-65 BBDDC 66-70 DAADC 71-75BBCAC
76-80 CCCCC 81-85 CCACA 86-90 BCAAC 91-95 ABBBC 96-100 ACADD
101-105 CCDAA 106-110 ABDBD 111-115 BCDBB 116-120 BBBBA
121-125 AABDA 126-130 AABAD 131-135 CABDD 136-138 DDB
定语从句、名词性从句
强化训练
1-5 DBDCD 6-10 BCADA 11-15 DBDDB 16-20 CDDAA 21-25 ADBCC
26-30 CADBD 31-35 CDDBB 36-40 DBBDB 41-45 DBADC 46-50 DCDAC
51-55 BABCD 56-60 BCADA 61-65 ACDCB 66-70 BDBAA 71-75 BAACB
76-80 DCAAC 81-85 BCBAA 86-90 CDABA 91-95 ACDCA 96-100 BCCAD
101-105 BACAD 106-110 CDBCC 111-115 CACBB 116-120 BADCC
121-125 CCCBD 126-130 DCBAA 131-135 ADDBA 136-140 DAADA
141-145 DDDBD 146-150 ABAAA 151-155 ACDDB 156-160 BAAAA
161-165 CBACC 166-170 BDDDC 171-175 DDCAB 176-180 BCACC
181-185 DDCDB 186-188 ABD
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇17：Where引导的从句，你知多少？ (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
Where引导的从句，你知多少？
江苏省如皋中学
一.Where引导定语从句---形容词性从句
当where 引导定语从句时，Where前有表示地点的先行词，where 引导的从句修饰先行词，Where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语。例如：
1.He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane .(2001年上海)
评析：situation 是先行词，其后是Where引导的定语从句。
2.This is the place where Luxun once lived .
评析： the place 是先行词，其后是 where引导的定语从句 ，where 在从句中作地点状语。
二.Where引导状语从句---副词性从句
当Where引导状语从句时，Where前没有表示地点的先行词，Where是从属连词，Where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词。例如：
3.The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai .(2002年春季高考上海)
评析：句中“the famous scientist grew up “这一部分是该句的主句，Where到句子最后是地点状语从句，where前没有表示地点的先行词.
4.She found her passport where she lost it .
评析：”passport"是主句 found 后的宾语，它并不是从句中lost的地点，因此 where 引导的是地点状语从句，从属连词where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词 found 。
三.where 引导宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句---名词性从句
where引导的名词性从句，意思接近the place where ,可译为：“……的地方”,where是疑问副词。例如：
5. This is where Luxun once lived. (where 引导表语从句)
评析：此句与第2句意思一样，即：这是鲁迅曾经住的地方。但语法功能不一样，第2句中，where 前有先行词 the place， the place在主句中作表语，而第5句中，where 引导的表语从句前没有名词，从语法功能看，where 引导从句的位置是表语位置，where 在表语从句中作地点状语。
6.I don't know where Luxun once lived . (where 引导宾语从句)
评析：此句where 引导的是动词know的宾语从句。
7.She was free to go to where she liked and do what she liked . (where 引导宾语从句)
评析：此句中，where 引导的从句作介词的宾语，意思接近the place where。
8.We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. (where 引导同位语从句)
评析：本句中疑问副词where 引导的从句，与其前面的名词the question 是同位关系，the question 的具体内容就是where 引导的从句，因此，where 引导的是同位语从句。
9.Where Mary was born is Beijing . (where 引导主语从句)
评析：本句中疑问副词where 引导的从句，放在主句主语的位置，因此这里where 引导的从句是主语从句。译：玛利出身的地方是北京。
巩固练习：翻译下列句子。
1.有志者事竟成。(Where引导状语从句)
2.那是我父亲工作的大楼。(Where引导定语从句)
3.司机问我想上哪儿去。(where 引导宾语从句)
4.书在你原来放的地方。(where 引导表语从句)
5.她回到她妈妈坐的地方。((where 引导介词 to 的宾语从句))
6.请呆在原处。(Where引导状语从句)
Keys:
1.Where there is a will, there is a way .
2.That is the building where my father worked .
3.The driver asked me where I wanted to go .
4.The book is where you left it .
5.She came back to where her mother was sitting .
6.Please stay where you are .
责任编辑：李芳芳
