九年级英语上册Module 10 同步教案
11-12学年英语：Module 10 同步教案（外研版九年级上）
一、学习目标：
知识目标：能正确使用Module 10中的单词和短语；
能力目标：能够询问有关健康的信息，表达态度，提供建议；能够谈论保持身体健康的话题。
情感目标：通过了解Tony的经历，培养体谅和关爱的态度。
二、重点、难点：
重点：1. 应用本模块交际用语，如：Don’t talk to me about that! Good luck! 等。
2. 掌握下列短语give up, bump into, persuade sb. to do sth.，a bit的用法；
3. 能掌握whose引导的定语从句。
难点：1. hurt, ache和pain的区别；
2. 掌握agree with sb., agree to sth, agree on sth, 与agree to do sth的用法；
3. 掌握whose引导的定语从句。
三、知能提升：
（一）重点单词
［单词学习］
1. exercise
【用法】n. 锻炼，运动（不可数名词）；练习题，操练（可数名词）
take exercise = do sports “进行运动；做锻炼”
【例句】(1) He takes exercise every day. 他每天都运动。
(2) We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天都做早操。
(3) There are five exercises for you to do. 你要做5道练习题。
【考查点】词义理解。
【易错点】不会区分是可数名词还是不可数名词。
【考题链接】You’d better do morning ______________ every day. It’s good to take lots of ___________.
A. exercise, exercise B exercises, exercise
C. exercise, exercisesD. exercises, exercises
答案：B
解题思路：此题考查exercise的运用，“做早操”是“do morning exercises”，要用复数；“做锻炼”是“take exercise”，exercise是不可数名词，故选B。
2. ache
【用法】v. 疼痛（表示局部的持续的疼痛）
【考查点】ache, pain, hurt 的区别。
辨析：ache, pain, hurt：三者都有“疼痛”之意。
ache：指“身体长时间、持续的疼痛”，是不及物动词，主语可以是人、身体某部位或某器官；还可用作名词，指“身体方面的隐隐作痛”。
如：I ache all over. 我浑身痛。
The ache in her head was terrible. 她头痛得厉害。
此外，ache还可以和表示身体部位的名词构成复合词，如：headache（头痛），toothache（牙痛）
pain：常用作不可数名词，指“身体上的或精神上的痛苦”，用于比喻义，指心灵的伤痛，也可指付出努力，常用短语是“have a pain in…”, 意为“（身体某部位）疼”。
如：He has a pain in the head. 他头疼。
hurt：普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上，感情上的伤害，表示“疼”时前面加身体部位。
如：―Do your arms still hurt? 你的胳膊还疼吗？
―Yes, they hurt quite a lot. 是的，疼得厉害。
【易错点】ache, pain, hurt 的意思易混淆。
【考题链接】
Suddenly Mr. Li began to _____ after the snake bit him.
A. ache B. pain C. hurt
答案：A
解题思路：此题考查ache, pain, hurt 的辨析，由于主语是人，可先排除C，而pain作动词解时，意为“使疼痛”，主语一般是身体某部位，故选A。
3. interest
【用法1】v. 使……产生兴趣
【例句】English interests him. 英语使他产生兴趣。
He interested me in math. 他使我对数学感兴趣。
【用法2】n. 兴趣，爱好 （表示“某一方面的爱好”，其后可接介词in.）
固定短语：place of interest 名胜
【例句】She has an interest in art. 她喜好艺术。
There are many places of interest in China. 中国有许多名胜。
此外，interest后面加后缀可以构成形容词interesting和interested。interesting修饰物或主语是物，表示某物使人很感兴趣；interested修饰人或主语是人，表示某人对某物感兴趣。相关短语：be interested in 对……感兴趣
【例句】It is an interesting book for children. 那是一本有趣的儿童读物。
I’m not interested in politics. 我对政治不感兴趣。
【考查点】由interest构成的短语。
【易错点】后缀-ing或-ed的用法易混淆。
【考题链接】
我对别人的秘密毫无兴趣。
I ______________________________________ others’ secrets at all.
答案：am not interested in
解题思路：此题考查interest后面加后缀构成形容词的用法。由于主语是人，应加后缀-ed, 后面已有at all，故前面在be动词后加not即可，故填写am not interested in。
4. behave
【用法】v. 行为，表现
常用副词修饰，表示以某种特殊的方式行事，如无副词修饰，则表示以一种适宜的方式行事。Behave yourself! 是口语中常用的表达，表示“规矩点！”。
【例句】The boy behaved very well last night. 那个男孩昨晚表现很好。
I told the child to behave. 我告诉那孩子要规矩。
【考查点】词义理解。
【易错点】拼写错误。
【考题链接】
The children don’t know how to b________________ decently（高雅地）.
答案：behave
解题思路：此句意为“孩子们不知道怎样举止高雅”，故填写behave。
5. persuade
【用法】v. 说服，劝服
一般指以道理、请求等“说服，劝服”，最后结果是成功的。常用于persuade sb. to do sth.＝persuade sb. into doing sth.“说服某人做某事”结构中。与动词advise“建议，劝告”同义，但advise并未提及结果成功与否。
【例句】He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.
即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。
【考查点】persuade sb. to do sth.这一短语。
【易错点】persuade与advise混淆不清。
【考题链接】I _____________ him to learn some French, but he didn’t think it was a good idea.
A. persuaded B. hoped C. advised
答案：C
解题思路：此题考查persuade与advise的区别，首先排除B， 因为“希望某人做某事”应用wish而不是用hope; 由于后面提到“他认为这不是一个好主意”，说明结果没有成功，故选C。
6. ban
【用法】v. 禁止（指从法律上禁止）
ban sth. 禁止某事
ban sb. from doing sth. 明令禁止某人做某事
【例句】Smoking is banned in public. 公共场所禁止吸烟。
They banned him from attending the meeting. 他们不准他出席会议。
【考查点】词义理解。
【易错点】ban的词形变化易写错。
【考题链接】他已被禁止开车半年了。
He has ____________________________________ for six months.
答案：been banned from driving
解题思路：此题考查ban sb. from doing sth.的被动结构，由于前面有has，要用现在完成时，故填写been banned from driving。
［即学即练］
① Bob takes __________ every day and it makes him stronger than before.
A. exercise B. exercises C. medicine
② How can I _______________ you to accept the offer?
A. persuade B. advise C. refuse
③ The story is so ______________ that I have read it for several times.
A. interest B. interested C. interesting
④ They want to______ junk food ______ schools.
A. ban, to B. ban, from C. prevent, from
⑤He _____________ badly in the accident last night.
A. ached B. pain C. hurt
⑥ The teacher said that Tom behaved _____________ at school.
A. good B. bad C. badly
⑦ 我说服了她去参加晚会。
I ________________ her ________________________ to the party.
（二）重点短语
［短语学习］
1. give up
【用法】放弃（后面接名词，动名词，代词要放在中间）
【例句】Smoking is bad. He has given it up.
You mustn’t give up studying foreign languages for even a day.
【考查点】短语本意。
【易错点】give up后的动词及give 的过去式和过去分词。
【考题链接】
医生建议我戒烟。
The doctor advised me _______________________________.
答案：to give up smoking.
解题思路：此题考查give up doing sth.这个短语，由于“建议某人做某事”是“advise sb. to do sth.”，故填写to give up smoking。
2. bump into
【用法】“碰见，遇见”
【例句】I don’t bump into you much these days.
辨析：meet与bump into：
meet “遇见，相见，碰见”，是指最普通的相见。而bump into则强调指“偶然遇见”，相当于meet by accident。如：We are going to meet him at the airport.
Guess who I bumped into today?
【考查点】短语本意。
【易错点】bump into后误加动词。
【考题链接】
我看到那辆出租车撞上了一辆停着的车。
I saw the taxi _____________________ a parked car.
答案：bump into
解题思路：此题考查bump into的翻译，此外还考查了see sb. do sth. 这一结构，故填写bump into。
3. a bit
【用法】“有点儿”
【例句】It’s a bit cold today.
辨析：a bit与a little：
1）相同之处：a bit与a little都可作程度副词，表示“稍微、一点儿”的意思，修饰动词、形容词、比较级等，二者可以互换。例如：
Will you please turn down the radio a bit/a little?（动词）请你把收音机声音关小一点好吗？
She’s a bit/a little afraid of the teacher.（形容词）她有点怕老师。
Her mother feels a bit/a little better today.（比较级）她母亲今天感觉好一些。
2）不同之处：
（1）a little可以直接修饰不可数名词，而a bit修饰不可数名词时，只能用a bit of。例如：
Tom has a little money.＝Tom has a bit of money. 汤姆有一点钱。
（2）a bit和a little与not连用时，意思大相径庭。not a bit＝not at all，意为“一点也不”；not a little＝very much，意为“十分”、“相当”、“极其”。例如：
He is not a bit tired. 他一点也不累。
He is not a little tired. 他很累。
【考查点】a bit与a little的区别。
【易错点】a bit与a little的用法混淆不清。
【考题链接】
Why don’t men do _____________________ housework?
A. a bit B. a little of C. a bit of
答案：C
解题思路：由于后面有名词housework, a bit不可以直接加名词，a little接名词不需要加of, 故选C。
4. agree with sb.
【用法】“同意某人的观点或某人说的话”
【考查点】agree with sb., agree to sth., agree on sth., 与agree to do sth.的用法。
辨析：agree with sb., agree to sth., agree on sth., 与agree to do sth.：
agree with sb.：表示“同意某人的观点或某人说的话”，着重指说话者的心理反应，并无愿意协作之意。
如：I really can’t agree with you.
agree to sth.：表示“同意计划、建议和意见”等，表示愿意协作。
如：The president agreed to the plan for the next five years.
总统同意下一个五年计划。
agree on sth.：表示“在某事上取得一致意见”。强调双方彼此同意所述之事。
如：We all agreed on the date of the meeting. 我们一致同意开会的日期。
agree to do sth.：表示“同意做某事”。
如：They all agreed to start at once.
【易错点】将agree with sb., agree to sth, agree on sth., 与agree to do sth.的意思混淆。
【考题链接】
Do you agree _____________ what he said?
A. to B. on C. with
答案：C
解题思路：此句意为“你同意他所说的吗？”，“同意某人说的话”要用agree with，故选C。
［即学即练］
1. He runs ____________ faster than Tony.
A. a few B. a bit C. more
2. 我在黑暗中撞上了一把椅子。
I _______________________ a chair in the dark.
3. 你应该戒烟，我去年就戒掉了。
You should stop smoking, I _______________________ last year.
4. 你认为他会同意他们的建议吗？
Do you think he will ____________________________ their proposal?
（三）重点句型
［句型学习］
1. Don’t talk to me about that!
【用法】“不要和我谈那件事！”
talk to sb. about sth. 意为“和某人谈论某事”。
【例句】What do you want to talk to me about?
【考查点】talk to sb.与talk about sth.。
【易错点】错用介词。
【考题链接】Who did you talk _______________ just now?
A. about B. to C. at
答案：B
解题思路：此题意为“你刚才在和谁谈话？”，“和某人谈话”要用介词to, 故选B。
2. Good luck!
【用法】“祝好运！”
Good luck to sb. 意为“祝某人好运”
Good luck with sth. 意为“祝某事好运或成功”
【例句】Good luck (to you) with your exam.
【考查点】语境运用。
【易错点】错用介词。
【考题链接】―Tomorrow I will have a driving test.
―_________________
A. Good luck! B. Bad luck! C. Don’t worry.
答案：A
解题思路：此题考查语境运用, 根据上句“我明天要进行驾照考试”，可推断出应选A。
3. whose引导的定语从句。
【用法】whose是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词，它是who的所有格，在从句中作定语，意为“（某人/物）的……”。它所指代的先行词既可以是人，也可以是物。
【例句】（1）This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
这位就是父母在大地震中丧生的小女孩。
（2）We live in a house whose windows open to the south.
我们住在一间窗户朝南开的房子里。
在第一句中，先行词the little girl与从句中的名词 parents有所属关系，即the little girl’s parents, 因此要用whose引导定语从句。
同样，在第二句中，先行词a house与从句中的名词 windows也有所属关系，即the windows of a house，因此要用whose引导定语从句。
【考查点】关系代词whose的用法
【易错点】分不清关系代词作主语还是定语。
【考题链接】
Have you seen the man ________________ car was stolen just now?
A. which B. who C. whose
答案：C
解题思路：此题考查关系代词which, who和whose的用法。由于先行词the man与从句中的名词 car有所属关系，即the man’s car, 说明先行词在从句中作定语，故选C。
［即学即练］
用whose把下列句子合并为一句：
1. I know that boy. His brother is now studying abroad.
___________________________________________________________
2. I have a friend. She is good at playing the piano.
___________________________________________________________
3. Our English teacher is very beautiful. Her hair is red.
___________________________________________________________
预习导学
上册 Module 11 Population
一、预习新知
重点单词：population, increase, crowd, police
重点短语：along with, thanks to, add to, protect…from…
语法：冠词和数词。
二、预习点拨
思考问题一：add to和 add…to…, the number of和a number of如何区别？
思考问题二：too many, too much和much too有何区别？
思考问题三：英语的冠词有哪些？
思考问题四：英语的大数字怎么读？
同步练习（答题时间：40分钟）
一、单项选择：
（*）1. He’s not______ to train for the Olympics.
A. enough strong B. strong enough C. weak enough
2. He stays fit because he takes______ every day.
A. a lot of exercises B. a lot of exercise C. many exercises
3. Please don’t talk ______ me______ that.
A. to, to B. to, about C. on, about
4. Smoking is a bad habit, you should ______________.
A. give up it B. give it up C. give it in
（*）5. Do you know the teacher_____ daughter is studying at No.2 Middle School?
A. who B. that C. whose
（*）6. It’s my mother_____ gives me my pocket money, and she’s the person_____ camera I nearly lost.
A. whose, who B. whose, whom C. who, whose
7. A lot of farmers refused __the new machine, but the engineer persuaded them __his invention.
A. to use, try B. to use, to try C. use, trying
8. I want to drink______ milk.
A. a few B. a bit C. a bit of
9. I think junk food should from schools.
A. ban B. be ban C. be banned
10. It’s hard work building a bridge over the river.
A. aB. theC. /
11. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate.
A. who’s B. whose C. that
12. More and more people realize the importance to____ fit.
A. stay B. do C. take
13. My body_____ after exercise.
A. works B. persuade C. aches
14. This morning I __________ into an old friend of mine in the street.
A. jumped B. came C. bumped
15. ― I hope you are in good health. ―_____________________.
A. Good luck B. Thanks a lot C. Yes, all right
（*）二、完形填空：
Some people just can not decide what to do all by themselves. They often 1 the advice（建议）of their friends. But they never do as their friends have said. My friend Jack is 2 person, and he is always asking me for help. I try to help him as well as I can, but he never listens to me. Yesterday I 3 a new way to make him take my advice. It worked. “Look,” he said ____4 me a letter. “What do you think I should do? ” The letter told him that there was a good job for him. It seemed to be a good chance（机会）for a young artist. His teacher 5 him to Australia to work. The job would pay very 6 , and he 7 to travel and visit many interesting places. “ 8 this, Rose?” he asked, “ If I take the job, I will have to stay in Australia for two years. I may stay a bit longer. But it would be a wonderful time for me. Should I go, Rose?”
“Don’t go,” I told him, “You’ll suffer（受苦） a lot there.” “Don’t go?” he 9 surprised at my answer. As you have probably known, Jack went. I wonder（想知道） 10 he found that I really wanted him to take the job.
( ) 1. A. ask forB. receiveC. takeD. give
( ) 2. A. such kindB. this kindC. such aD. a such
( ) 3. A. thoughtB. triedC. gaveD. wanted
( ) 4. A. showingB. showedC. to showD. shown
( ) 5. A. will sendB. sendC. would sendD. sends
( ) 6. A. good B. wellC. niceD. enough
( ) 7. A. could be ableB. could
C. would be ableD. would be going
( ) 8. A. What do you like B. How do you like
C. How do you think ofD. What do you think
( ) 9. A. asked B. spokeC. saidD. looked
( ) 10. A. why B. whetherC. thatD. when
（**）三、阅读理解：
（A）
If you are like most people, your intelligence（智力）changes with the seasons, you are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of year. A famous scientist, Ellsworth Huntington（1876―1947），concluded（总结）that climate and temperature have an effect（作用）on your mental abilities（智力）.
He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative（激活）thinking than summer heat. This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer.
Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in the spring man’s mental abilities are affected（受影响）by the same factors（因素）that bring about great changes in nature .
Fall is the next-best season, then winter .As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking.
( ) 1. Ellsworth Huntington decided that climate and temperature have ______.
A. a great effect on everyone’s intelligence
B. some effect on most persons’ intelligence
C. some effect on a few persons’ intelligence
D. no effect on most persons’ intelligence
( ) 2. Why is spring the best season for thinking? Because _______________.
A. all nature, including man, is growing then
B. it lasts longer than the other seasons
C. it is not too warm and not too cold
D. both B and C
( ) 3. The two best seasons for thinking seem to be _____________.
A. spring and fall B. winter and summer
C. summer and spring D. fall and winter
( ) 4. Which of the following is wrong?
A. It seems that the cold of winter is better for thinking than very hot weather.
B. Perhaps Huntington based（以……为基础）his conclusion（结论）on work with persons in the same climate.
C. Fall is the second best season for thinking.
D. Both A and C are wrong
( ) 5. The main idea of this passage is that ____________.
A. most people’s intelligence changes with seasons
B. seasons are the reason of the changing intelligence
C. spring is the best season for thinking
D. summer is the best season for taking a long vacation
（B）
Shenzhen is a city in South China. It is not very big, but it has attracted people of the whole country and the whole world as well.
Just about twenty years ago, it was only a small fishing village. There were not many people there. Most of them lived on fishing. Things have greatly changed since the 1980＇s. It became the first special economic zone（经济特区）in China.
Because of the opening policy（政策）, economic changes between China and the outside world have increased greatly. People can come and go easily between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Both foreigners and Chinese have built a lot of factories, companies and tourists’ attractions there. People all over the country have come to find jobs. Many of them have settled down in this new booming（兴起的）city.
Shenzhen is developing so fast that it has become a well－known metropolis（大都市）in China.
( ) 6. Shenzhen lies China.
A. in south of B. to south of C. in north of D. on south of
( ) 7. About twenty years ago most of the people in Shenzhen .
A. worked in the factories B. did housework
C. caught fish for a living D. lived a happy life
( ) 8. When did Shenzhen become a special economic zone?
A. 十九世纪八十年代。 B. 二十世纪八十年代。
C. 十九世纪八十年代初。 D. 十八世纪九十年代。
( ) 9. What have foreigners done in Shenzhen?
A. They have come to visit their friends.
B. They have built a lot of factories and companies.
C. They have got plenty of money from China.
D. They have come to buy things.
( ) 10. Many of them have settled down in this new booming city. “settled down” means .
A. made down B. sat down C. began to work D. stayed there
四、单词拼写：
（一）根据句意及首字母完成单词：
1. Alice trusts you, only you can p_____________ her to give up the foolish idea.
2. Some schools teach, but fail to e___________ their students.
3. Doing more e__________________ is good for you.
4. He wants to write something about s________________ healthy.
5. Eating junk food has many d____________ for the children.
6. Can you say some kinds of t___________ school meal?
7. He has r___________ his mistakes. He felt very sorry about that.
8. When you sit at a restaurant, the waiter often shows you m___________ at first.
9. Don’t eat too much s______________, it’s bad for teeth.
10. He has a great i___________ in sports and he often watches sports programmes on TV.
（二）用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. You are in poor health and you must give up______. (smoke)
2. You should do more _____ (exercise). Don’t always sit at the desk busy doing your _____. (exercise)
3. We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very____.(interest)
4. Foreign stamps ______ him. (interest)
5. Her parents wouldn’t allow her to marry anyone ____ family was poor.(who)
6. When their car becomes old, they prefer_______(buy) a new one rather than _____ (repair) it.
7. I prefer _______(do) exercise to _____(watch) TV.
8. His mother refused ______(buy) him a present.
9. He is sure to come. I’ve_______( persuade) him to attend our meeting.
10. I tried to persuade him ______(give) up _____(smoke), but failed.
五、完成句子：
1. 他说服了我爸爸放弃了这个计划。
He _____________________________________________________ the plan
2. 他们不赞成我们的观点。
They _________________________________ us.
3. 他爸爸要他每天做大量的训练。
His father asked him to ___________________________________.
4. 他拒绝了和他父母出国。
He _____________________________ abroad with his parents.
5. 那本封面是绿色的书是我的。
The book ________________________________________________ is mine.
试题答案
一、
1. B 解析：enough修饰形容词或副词时要放在形容词或副词的后面，所以先排除A，此句意为“他不够强壮，不能为奥运会而训练”，所以选B。
2. B 3. B 4. B
5. C 解析：做此题时，先把先行词放在从句中，即“the teacher’s daughter is studying at No.2 Middle School”，因此可看出先行词the teacher与从句中的名词 daughter有所属关系，即the teacher’s daughter，因此关系代词whose在从句中作定语，故选C。
6. C 解析：此句意为“是妈妈给我零花钱，而我差一点把她的相机给弄丢了”，在第二个空里，先行词放在从句中可写为“I nearly lost the person’s camera”，因此可看出先行词the person与从句中的名词 camera有所属关系，即the person’s camera，因此关系代词whose在从句中作定语，故选C。
7. B 解析：“拒绝做某事”是“refuse to do sth.”，“说服某人做某事”是“persuade sb. to do sth.”，故选B。
8. C 9. C
10. C 解析：work是不可数名词，排除了A，在这里不是特指，只是说明“在河上建桥是艰苦的工作”，故选C。
11. B
12. A 解析：此句意为“越来越多的人意识到保持健康的重要性”，“保持健康”是“stay/keep fit”, 故选A。
13. C 14. C 15. B
二、1~5 ACBAC 6~10 BCBDB
三、(A) 1~5 BAABA (B) 6~10 ACBBD
四、（一）1. persuade 2.educate 3. exercise 4.staying 5. disadvantages
6. typical 7. realized 8. menu 9. sugar
10. interest
（二）1. smoking 2.exercise, exercises 3. interesting 4. interest
5. whose 6. to buy, repair 7. doing, watching
8. to buy 9. persuaded 10. to give, smoking
五、
1. persuaded my father to give up / persuaded my father into giving up
2. didn’t agree with
3. take a lot of exercise
4. refused to go
11-12学年英语：Module 10 同步教案（外研版九年级上）
一、学习目标：
知识目标：能正确使用Module 10中的单词和短语；
能力目标：能够询问有关健康的信息，表达态度，提供建议；能够谈论保持身体健康的话题。
情感目标：通过了解Tony的经历，培养体谅和关爱的态度。
二、重点、难点：
重点：1. 应用本模块交际用语，如：Don’t talk to me about that! Good luck! 等。
2. 掌握下列短语give up, bump into, persuade sb. to do sth.，a bit的用法；
3. 能掌握whose引导的定语从句。
难点：1. hurt, ache和pain的区别；
2. 掌握agree with sb., agree to sth, agree on sth, 与agree to do sth的用法；
3. 掌握whose引导的定语从句。
三、知能提升：
（一）重点单词
［单词学习］
1. exercise
【用法】n. 锻炼，运动（不可数名词）；练习题，操练（可数名词）
take exercise = do sports “进行运动；做锻炼”
【例句】(1) He takes exercise every day. 他每天都运动。
(2) We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天都做早操。
(3) There are five exercises for you to do. 你要做5道练习题。
【考查点】词义理解。
【易错点】不会区分是可数名词还是不可数名词。
【考题链接】You’d better do morning ______________ every day. It’s good to take lots of ___________.
A. exercise, exercise B exercises, exercise
C. exercise, exercisesD. exercises, exercises
答案：B
解题思路：此题考查exercise的运用，“做早操”是“do morning exercises”，要用复数；“做锻炼”是“take exercise”，exercise是不可数名词，故选B。
2. ache
【用法】v. 疼痛（表示局部的持续的疼痛）
【考查点】ache, pain, hurt 的区别。
辨析：ache, pain, hurt：三者都有“疼痛”之意。
ache：指“身体长时间、持续的疼痛”，是不及物动词，主语可以是人、身体某部位或某器官；还可用作名词，指“身体方面的隐隐作痛”。
如：I ache all over. 我浑身痛。
The ache in her head was terrible. 她头痛得厉害。
此外，ache还可以和表示身体部位的名词构成复合词，如：headache（头痛），toothache（牙痛）
pain：常用作不可数名词，指“身体上的或精神上的痛苦”，用于比喻义，指心灵的伤痛，也可指付出努力，常用短语是“have a pain in…”, 意为“（身体某部位）疼”。
如：He has a pain in the head. 他头疼。
hurt：普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上，感情上的伤害，表示“疼”时前面加身体部位。
如：―Do your arms still hurt? 你的胳膊还疼吗？
―Yes, they hurt quite a lot. 是的，疼得厉害。
【易错点】ache, pain, hurt 的意思易混淆。
【考题链接】
Suddenly Mr. Li began to _____ after the snake bit him.
A. ache B. pain C. hurt
答案：A
解题思路：此题考查ache, pain, hurt 的辨析，由于主语是人，可先排除C，而pain作动词解时，意为“使疼痛”，主语一般是身体某部位，故选A。
3. interest
【用法1】v. 使……产生兴趣
【例句】English interests him. 英语使他产生兴趣。
He interested me in math. 他使我对数学感兴趣。
【用法2】n. 兴趣，爱好 （表示“某一方面的爱好”，其后可接介词in.）
固定短语：place of interest 名胜
【例句】She has an interest in art. 她喜好艺术。
There are many places of interest in China. 中国有许多名胜。
此外，interest后面加后缀可以构成形容词interesting和interested。interesting修饰物或主语是物，表示某物使人很感兴趣；interested修饰人或主语是人，表示某人对某物感兴趣。相关短语：be interested in 对……感兴趣
【例句】It is an interesting book for children. 那是一本有趣的儿童读物。
I’m not interested in politics. 我对政治不感兴趣。
【考查点】由interest构成的短语。
【易错点】后缀-ing或-ed的用法易混淆。
【考题链接】
我对别人的秘密毫无兴趣。
I ______________________________________ others’ secrets at all.
答案：am not interested in
解题思路：此题考查interest后面加后缀构成形容词的用法。由于主语是人，应加后缀-ed, 后面已有at all，故前面在be动词后加not即可，故填写am not interested in。
4. behave
【用法】v. 行为，表现
常用副词修饰，表示以某种特殊的方式行事，如无副词修饰，则表示以一种适宜的方式行事。Behave yourself! 是口语中常用的表达，表示“规矩点！”。
【例句】The boy behaved very well last night. 那个男孩昨晚表现很好。
I told the child to behave. 我告诉那孩子要规矩。
【考查点】词义理解。
【易错点】拼写错误。
【考题链接】
The children don’t know how to b________________ decently（高雅地）.
答案：behave
解题思路：此句意为“孩子们不知道怎样举止高雅”，故填写behave。
5. persuade
【用法】v. 说服，劝服
一般指以道理、请求等“说服，劝服”，最后结果是成功的。常用于persuade sb. to do sth.＝persuade sb. into doing sth.“说服某人做某事”结构中。与动词advise“建议，劝告”同义，但advise并未提及结果成功与否。
【例句】He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.
即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。
【考查点】persuade sb. to do sth.这一短语。
【易错点】persuade与advise混淆不清。
【考题链接】I _____________ him to learn some French, but he didn’t think it was a good idea.
A. persuaded B. hoped C. advised
答案：C
解题思路：此题考查persuade与advise的区别，首先排除B， 因为“希望某人做某事”应用wish而不是用hope; 由于后面提到“他认为这不是一个好主意”，说明结果没有成功，故选C。
6. ban
【用法】v. 禁止（指从法律上禁止）
ban sth. 禁止某事
ban sb. from doing sth. 明令禁止某人做某事
【例句】Smoking is banned in public. 公共场所禁止吸烟。
They banned him from attending the meeting. 他们不准他出席会议。
【考查点】词义理解。
【易错点】ban的词形变化易写错。
【考题链接】他已被禁止开车半年了。
He has ____________________________________ for six months.
答案：been banned from driving
解题思路：此题考查ban sb. from doing sth.的被动结构，由于前面有has，要用现在完成时，故填写been banned from driving。
［即学即练］
① Bob takes __________ every day and it makes him stronger than before.
A. exercise B. exercises C. medicine
② How can I _______________ you to accept the offer?
A. persuade B. advise C. refuse
③ The story is so ______________ that I have read it for several times.
A. interest B. interested C. interesting
④ They want to______ junk food ______ schools.
A. ban, to B. ban, from C. prevent, from
⑤He _____________ badly in the accident last night.
A. ached B. pain C. hurt
⑥ The teacher said that Tom behaved _____________ at school.
A. good B. bad C. badly
⑦ 我说服了她去参加晚会。
I ________________ her ________________________ to the party.
（二）重点短语
［短语学习］
1. give up
【用法】放弃（后面接名词，动名词，代词要放在中间）
【例句】Smoking is bad. He has given it up.
You mustn’t give up studying foreign languages for even a day.
【考查点】短语本意。
【易错点】give up后的动词及give 的过去式和过去分词。
【考题链接】
医生建议我戒烟。
The doctor advised me _______________________________.
答案：to give up smoking.
解题思路：此题考查give up doing sth.这个短语，由于“建议某人做某事”是“advise sb. to do sth.”，故填写to give up smoking。
2. bump into
【用法】“碰见，遇见”
【例句】I don’t bump into you much these days.
辨析：meet与bump into：
meet “遇见，相见，碰见”，是指最普通的相见。而bump into则强调指“偶然遇见”，相当于meet by accident。如：We are going to meet him at the airport.
Guess who I bumped into today?
【考查点】短语本意。
【易错点】bump into后误加动词。
【考题链接】
我看到那辆出租车撞上了一辆停着的车。
I saw the taxi _____________________ a parked car.
答案：bump into
解题思路：此题考查bump into的翻译，此外还考查了see sb. do sth. 这一结构，故填写bump into。
3. a bit
【用法】“有点儿”
【例句】It’s a bit cold today.
辨析：a bit与a little：
1）相同之处：a bit与a little都可作程度副词，表示“稍微、一点儿”的意思，修饰动词、形容词、比较级等，二者可以互换。例如：
Will you please turn down the radio a bit/a little?（动词）请你把收音机声音关小一点好吗？
She’s a bit/a little afraid of the teacher.（形容词）她有点怕老师。
Her mother feels a bit/a little better today.（比较级）她母亲今天感觉好一些。
2）不同之处：
（1）a little可以直接修饰不可数名词，而a bit修饰不可数名词时，只能用a bit of。例如：
Tom has a little money.＝Tom has a bit of money. 汤姆有一点钱。
（2）a bit和a little与not连用时，意思大相径庭。not a bit＝not at all，意为“一点也不”；not a little＝very much，意为“十分”、“相当”、“极其”。例如：
He is not a bit tired. 他一点也不累。
He is not a little tired. 他很累。
【考查点】a bit与a little的区别。
【易错点】a bit与a little的用法混淆不清。
【考题链接】
Why don’t men do _____________________ housework?
A. a bit B. a little of C. a bit of
答案：C
解题思路：由于后面有名词housework, a bit不可以直接加名词，a little接名词不需要加of, 故选C。
4. agree with sb.
【用法】“同意某人的观点或某人说的话”
【考查点】agree with sb., agree to sth., agree on sth., 与agree to do sth.的用法。
辨析：agree with sb., agree to sth., agree on sth., 与agree to do sth.：
agree with sb.：表示“同意某人的观点或某人说的话”，着重指说话者的心理反应，并无愿意协作之意。
如：I really can’t agree with you.
agree to sth.：表示“同意计划、建议和意见”等，表示愿意协作。
如：The president agreed to the plan for the next five years.
总统同意下一个五年计划。
agree on sth.：表示“在某事上取得一致意见”。强调双方彼此同意所述之事。
如：We all agreed on the date of the meeting. 我们一致同意开会的日期。
agree to do sth.：表示“同意做某事”。
如：They all agreed to start at once.
【易错点】将agree with sb., agree to sth, agree on sth., 与agree to do sth.的意思混淆。
【考题链接】
Do you agree _____________ what he said?
A. to B. on C. with
答案：C
解题思路：此句意为“你同意他所说的吗？”，“同意某人说的话”要用agree with，故选C。
［即学即练］
1. He runs ____________ faster than Tony.
A. a few B. a bit C. more
2. 我在黑暗中撞上了一把椅子。
I _______________________ a chair in the dark.
3. 你应该戒烟，我去年就戒掉了。
You should stop smoking, I _______________________ last year.
4. 你认为他会同意他们的建议吗？
Do you think he will ____________________________ their proposal?
（三）重点句型
［句型学习］
1. Don’t talk to me about that!
【用法】“不要和我谈那件事！”
talk to sb. about sth. 意为“和某人谈论某事”。
【例句】What do you want to talk to me about?
【考查点】talk to sb.与talk about sth.。
【易错点】错用介词。
【考题链接】Who did you talk _______________ just now?
A. about B. to C. at
答案：B
解题思路：此题意为“你刚才在和谁谈话？”，“和某人谈话”要用介词to, 故选B。
2. Good luck!
【用法】“祝好运！”
Good luck to sb. 意为“祝某人好运”
Good luck with sth. 意为“祝某事好运或成功”
【例句】Good luck (to you) with your exam.
【考查点】语境运用。
【易错点】错用介词。
【考题链接】―Tomorrow I will have a driving test.
―_________________
A. Good luck! B. Bad luck! C. Don’t worry.
答案：A
解题思路：此题考查语境运用, 根据上句“我明天要进行驾照考试”，可推断出应选A。
3. whose引导的定语从句。
【用法】whose是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词，它是who的所有格，在从句中作定语，意为“（某人/物）的……”。它所指代的先行词既可以是人，也可以是物。
【例句】（1）This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
这位就是父母在大地震中丧生的小女孩。
（2）We live in a house whose windows open to the south.
我们住在一间窗户朝南开的房子里。
在第一句中，先行词the little girl与从句中的名词 parents有所属关系，即the little girl’s parents, 因此要用whose引导定语从句。
同样，在第二句中，先行词a house与从句中的名词 windows也有所属关系，即the windows of a house，因此要用whose引导定语从句。
【考查点】关系代词whose的用法
【易错点】分不清关系代词作主语还是定语。
【考题链接】
Have you seen the man ________________ car was stolen just now?
A. which B. who C. whose
答案：C
解题思路：此题考查关系代词which, who和whose的用法。由于先行词the man与从句中的名词 car有所属关系，即the man’s car, 说明先行词在从句中作定语，故选C。
［即学即练］
用whose把下列句子合并为一句：
1. I know that boy. His brother is now studying abroad.
___________________________________________________________
2. I have a friend. She is good at playing the piano.
___________________________________________________________
3. Our English teacher is very beautiful. Her hair is red.
___________________________________________________________
预习导学
上册 Module 11 Population
一、预习新知
重点单词：population, increase, crowd, police
重点短语：along with, thanks to, add to, protect…from…
语法：冠词和数词。
二、预习点拨
思考问题一：add to和 add…to…, the number of和a number of如何区别？
思考问题二：too many, too much和much too有何区别？
思考问题三：英语的冠词有哪些？
思考问题四：英语的大数字怎么读？
同步练习（答题时间：40分钟）
一、单项选择：
（*）1. He’s not______ to train for the Olympics.
A. enough strong B. strong enough C. weak enough
2. He stays fit because he takes______ every day.
A. a lot of exercises B. a lot of exercise C. many exercises
3. Please don’t talk ______ me______ that.
A. to, to B. to, about C. on, about
4. Smoking is a bad habit, you should ______________.
A. give up it B. give it up C. give it in
（*）5. Do you know the teacher_____ daughter is studying at No.2 Middle School?
A. who B. that C. whose
（*）6. It’s my mother_____ gives me my pocket money, and she’s the person_____ camera I nearly lost.
A. whose, who B. whose, whom C. who, whose
7. A lot of farmers refused __the new machine, but the engineer persuaded them __his invention.
A. to use, try B. to use, to try C. use, trying
8. I want to drink______ milk.
A. a few B. a bit C. a bit of
9. I think junk food should from schools.
A. ban B. be ban C. be banned
10. It’s hard work building a bridge over the river.
A. aB. theC. /
11. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate.
A. who’s B. whose C. that
12. More and more people realize the importance to____ fit.
A. stay B. do C. take
13. My body_____ after exercise.
A. works B. persuade C. aches
14. This morning I __________ into an old friend of mine in the street.
A. jumped B. came C. bumped
15. ― I hope you are in good health. ―_____________________.
A. Good luck B. Thanks a lot C. Yes, all right
（*）二、完形填空：
Some people just can not decide what to do all by themselves. They often 1 the advice（建议）of their friends. But they never do as their friends have said. My friend Jack is 2 person, and he is always asking me for help. I try to help him as well as I can, but he never listens to me. Yesterday I 3 a new way to make him take my advice. It worked. “Look,” he said ____4 me a letter. “What do you think I should do? ” The letter told him that there was a good job for him. It seemed to be a good chance（机会）for a young artist. His teacher 5 him to Australia to work. The job would pay very 6 , and he 7 to travel and visit many interesting places. “ 8 this, Rose?” he asked, “ If I take the job, I will have to stay in Australia for two years. I may stay a bit longer. But it would be a wonderful time for me. Should I go, Rose?”
“Don’t go,” I told him, “You’ll suffer（受苦） a lot there.” “Don’t go?” he 9 surprised at my answer. As you have probably known, Jack went. I wonder（想知道） 10 he found that I really wanted him to take the job.
( ) 1. A. ask forB. receiveC. takeD. give
( ) 2. A. such kindB. this kindC. such aD. a such
( ) 3. A. thoughtB. triedC. gaveD. wanted
( ) 4. A. showingB. showedC. to showD. shown
( ) 5. A. will sendB. sendC. would sendD. sends
( ) 6. A. good B. wellC. niceD. enough
( ) 7. A. could be ableB. could
C. would be ableD. would be going
( ) 8. A. What do you like B. How do you like
C. How do you think ofD. What do you think
( ) 9. A. asked B. spokeC. saidD. looked
( ) 10. A. why B. whetherC. thatD. when
（**）三、阅读理解：
（A）
If you are like most people, your intelligence（智力）changes with the seasons, you are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of year. A famous scientist, Ellsworth Huntington（1876―1947），concluded（总结）that climate and temperature have an effect（作用）on your mental abilities（智力）.
He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative（激活）thinking than summer heat. This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer.
Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in the spring man’s mental abilities are affected（受影响）by the same factors（因素）that bring about great changes in nature .
Fall is the next-best season, then winter .As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking.
( ) 1. Ellsworth Huntington decided that climate and temperature have ______.
A. a great effect on everyone’s intelligence
B. some effect on most persons’ intelligence
C. some effect on a few persons’ intelligence
D. no effect on most persons’ intelligence
( ) 2. Why is spring the best season for thinking? Because _______________.
A. all nature, including man, is growing then
B. it lasts longer than the other seasons
C. it is not too warm and not too cold
D. both B and C
( ) 3. The two best seasons for thinking seem to be _____________.
A. spring and fall B. winter and summer
C. summer and spring D. fall and winter
( ) 4. Which of the following is wrong?
A. It seems that the cold of winter is better for thinking than very hot weather.
B. Perhaps Huntington based（以……为基础）his conclusion（结论）on work with persons in the same climate.
C. Fall is the second best season for thinking.
D. Both A and C are wrong
( ) 5. The main idea of this passage is that ____________.
A. most people’s intelligence changes with seasons
B. seasons are the reason of the changing intelligence
C. spring is the best season for thinking
D. summer is the best season for taking a long vacation
（B）
Shenzhen is a city in South China. It is not very big, but it has attracted people of the whole country and the whole world as well.
Just about twenty years ago, it was only a small fishing village. There were not many people there. Most of them lived on fishing. Things have greatly changed since the 1980＇s. It became the first special economic zone（经济特区）in China.
Because of the opening policy（政策）, economic changes between China and the outside world have increased greatly. People can come and go easily between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Both foreigners and Chinese have built a lot of factories, companies and tourists’ attractions there. People all over the country have come to find jobs. Many of them have settled down in this new booming（兴起的）city.
Shenzhen is developing so fast that it has become a well－known metropolis（大都市）in China.
( ) 6. Shenzhen lies China.
A. in south of B. to south of C. in north of D. on south of
( ) 7. About twenty years ago most of the people in Shenzhen .
A. worked in the factories B. did housework
C. caught fish for a living D. lived a happy life
( ) 8. When did Shenzhen become a special economic zone?
A. 十九世纪八十年代。 B. 二十世纪八十年代。
C. 十九世纪八十年代初。 D. 十八世纪九十年代。
( ) 9. What have foreigners done in Shenzhen?
A. They have come to visit their friends.
B. They have built a lot of factories and companies.
C. They have got plenty of money from China.
D. They have come to buy things.
( ) 10. Many of them have settled down in this new booming city. “settled down” means .
A. made down B. sat down C. began to work D. stayed there
四、单词拼写：
（一）根据句意及首字母完成单词：
1. Alice trusts you, only you can p_____________ her to give up the foolish idea.
2. Some schools teach, but fail to e___________ their students.
3. Doing more e__________________ is good for you.
4. He wants to write something about s________________ healthy.
5. Eating junk food has many d____________ for the children.
6. Can you say some kinds of t___________ school meal?
7. He has r___________ his mistakes. He felt very sorry about that.
8. When you sit at a restaurant, the waiter often shows you m___________ at first.
9. Don’t eat too much s______________, it’s bad for teeth.
10. He has a great i___________ in sports and he often watches sports programmes on TV.
（二）用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. You are in poor health and you must give up______. (smoke)
2. You should do more _____ (exercise). Don’t always sit at the desk busy doing your _____. (exercise)
3. We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very____.(interest)
4. Foreign stamps ______ him. (interest)
5. Her parents wouldn’t allow her to marry anyone ____ family was poor.(who)
6. When their car becomes old, they prefer_______(buy) a new one rather than _____ (repair) it.
7. I prefer _______(do) exercise to _____(watch) TV.
8. His mother refused ______(buy) him a present.
9. He is sure to come. I’ve_______( persuade) him to attend our meeting.
10. I tried to persuade him ______(give) up _____(smoke), but failed.
五、完成句子：
1. 他说服了我爸爸放弃了这个计划。
He _____________________________________________________ the plan
2. 他们不赞成我们的观点。
They _________________________________ us.
3. 他爸爸要他每天做大量的训练。
His father asked him to ___________________________________.
4. 他拒绝了和他父母出国。
He _____________________________ abroad with his parents.
5. 那本封面是绿色的书是我的。
The book ________________________________________________ is mine.
试题答案
一、
1. B 解析：enough修饰形容词或副词时要放在形容词或副词的后面，所以先排除A，此句意为“他不够强壮，不能为奥运会而训练”，所以选B。
2. B 3. B 4. B
5. C 解析：做此题时，先把先行词放在从句中，即“the teacher’s daughter is studying at No.2 Middle School”，因此可看出先行词the teacher与从句中的名词 daughter有所属关系，即the teacher’s daughter，因此关系代词whose在从句中作定语，故选C。
6. C 解析：此句意为“是妈妈给我零花钱，而我差一点把她的相机给弄丢了”，在第二个空里，先行词放在从句中可写为“I nearly lost the person’s camera”，因此可看出先行词the person与从句中的名词 camera有所属关系，即the person’s camera，因此关系代词whose在从句中作定语，故选C。
7. B 解析：“拒绝做某事”是“refuse to do sth.”，“说服某人做某事”是“persuade sb. to do sth.”，故选B。
8. C 9. C
10. C 解析：work是不可数名词，排除了A，在这里不是特指，只是说明“在河上建桥是艰苦的工作”，故选C。
11. B
12. A 解析：此句意为“越来越多的人意识到保持健康的重要性”，“保持健康”是“stay/keep fit”, 故选A。
13. C 14. C 15. B
二、1~5 ACBAC 6~10 BCBDB
三、(A) 1~5 BAABA (B) 6~10 ACBBD
四、（一）1. persuade 2.educate 3. exercise 4.staying 5. disadvantages
6. typical 7. realized 8. menu 9. sugar
10. interest
（二）1. smoking 2.exercise, exercises 3. interesting 4. interest
5. whose 6. to buy, repair 7. doing, watching
8. to buy 9. persuaded 10. to give, smoking
五、
1. persuaded my father to give up / persuaded my father into giving up
2. didn’t agree with
3. take a lot of exercise
4. refused to go
