Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world单元复习学案
词汇导练
1．The manager decided to have a word with whoever is r____________for the sales department.
2．Only by hard work can we turn our dreams into____________(现实)．
3．I had no o____________to discuss it with her，because she is too busy.
4．Everyone had a different o____________ on the subject.
5．The girl is really t____________to see a jewel in the corner of the street，but it turned out to be only glass.
6．In recent years，our country has made____________(非凡)progress in science and technology.
7．Train arrivals are____________(宣告)over the louderspeaker at the station.
8．The country is supported by____________(工业)．
9．He____________(投资)all his savings in stocks.
10．We’re doing a____________(研究)of children’s eating habits.
11．The new teacher made a strong____________(impress)on all of us by his humorous speech.
12．The government is aiming at full____________(employ)．
1．responsible 2.reality 3.opportunity 4.opinion 5.thrilled
6．extraordinary 7.announced 8.industry 9.invested 10.study 11.impression 12.employment
短语汇集
1．________________ 传递
2．________________ 与……相连接
3．________________ 发出(气味，热等)
4．________________ 提出(观点、议案等)
5．________________ 最后但同样重要的
6．________________ 创办，建立，创立
7．________________ 被控告犯有……罪
8．________________ 关闭，使停业，使倒闭
9．________________ 在我看来，依我看
10．________________ 发现，(偶然)遇见
1.pass on 2.be connected to 3.give out 4.put forward?5.last but not least 6.set up 7.be accused of 8.close down 9.in my opinion 10.come across
语句试译
1．(回归课本P42)________ ________ ________every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma felt by the viewer，__________ ________the cold，the tiredness，the food，the smells，the sights and the sounds of the mountain can all be experienced.
观众不仅能感觉到攀登珠穆琅玛峰的每一个脚步，而且可以体验到山上的寒冷、疲惫、食物、气味、以及声音。
2．(回归课本P42)________/________ ________the top of the mountain，a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced.
到达山顶时，观众就能体验到一种幸福感和成就感。
3．(回归课本P53)In my opinion，it is about time we________new computers.
我认为，是该我们有新电脑的时候了。
4．(回归课本P53)If the PC (No.7)I was using_____ _______a good keyboard，I ______ ______ ______ ______so many mistakes.
如果我使用的7号电脑有个好键盘，我就不会出那么多错了。
5．(回归课本P58)________ ________ ________，the Time Traveller starts back towards the present.
由于害怕和寒冷，时光旅游者踏上了回到现在的旅程。
1.Not only is；but also 2.On/upon reaching 3.had 4.had had；would not have made 5.Scared and cold
核心知识
1.deliver vt. 传送，传递；发表；释放，解救；接生
(回归课本P42)Special food and drink chemicals are delivered into the viewer’s mouth via a straw sensor.
通过一根传感器吸管还可以将特殊的食品和饮料的化学物品输送到观众的嘴里。
11
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P534)As a boy，Ralph delivered newspapers on a bicycle.
拉尔夫小的时候骑自行车送报纸。
②Traditionally，local midwives deliver all the babies in the area.
在过去，当地的接生婆会给本地区所有的婴儿接生。
③(牛津P528)He delivered his lines confidently.
他沉着地说了他的台词。
④They delivered their prisoner over to the invading army.
他们把俘虏交给了侵略军。
1．完成句子
(1)一些新书已被送到学校。
Some new books________ ________ ________ ________the school.
答案：have been delivered to
(2)校长在毕业典礼上作了一个鼓舞人心的演讲。
The headmaster________ ________ ________ ________at the graduation ceremony.
答案：delivered an encouraging speech
(3)她生下了一个健康的婴儿。
She________ ________ ________a healthy baby.
答案：was delivered of
(4)教育把他从无知中解救出来了。
Education delivered him________ignorance.
答案：from
2.impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象；使钦佩；使铭记在心；使明白重要性
(回归课本P45)I think viewers will be impressed by a film that allows them to be a character in the film.
我认为观众会对允许自己扮演角色的电影印象深刻。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P1026)Her words impressed themselves on my memory.
她的话语我铭记在心里。
②(朗文P1041)Dimas was impressed with the students’ knowledge and insight.
学生们的知识和洞察力给迪马斯留下了深刻的印象。
③The idea is to impress the importance of nature on children early in life.
目的是使儿童在人生的早期更了解自然的重要性。
④It’s important to make a good impression at your interview.
面试时给人留下好的印象是很重要的。
2．完成句子
(1)外国游客无一不对该市的景色留有深刻印象。
The sights of the city never fail________ ________foreign tourists.
答案：to impress
(2)你的工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。
We________ ________ ________ ________/________your efficiency.
答案：were most impressed with/by
(3)他的演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。
His speech________ ________ ________ ________ ________the audience.
答案：made a great impression on
3.employ vt.&.n. 雇佣；使用
(回归课本P51)When Napster.com was set up in 1999，the company was very small only Fanning’s family and friends were employed.
当Napster网站于1999年刚刚建立的时候，公司规模还很小 只有Fanning一家和他们的朋友在那里上班。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P664)The factory employs over 2,000 people.
这家工厂雇佣了2000多名工人。
②(牛津P653)The police had to employ force to enter the building.
警察不得不强行进入大楼。
③She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.
她忙着把要做的所有工作列为一个清单。
易混辨析
employ，hire，rent
三者都有“雇佣”的意思。employ指雇佣人；hire可指雇佣人，也可指租用车船等；rent更常用于租用场地，东西等；employ和rent多带有长期性，而hire多指临时雇佣。
①He was employed as a research assistant.
②They hired out boats to people on holiday.
③She rented me a room.
3．完成句子
(1)For the past three years he ________ ________ ________ ________(受雇当……)a gate keeper.
答案：has been employed as
(2)He suggested we ________ ________ ________ (使用适当的方法)to improve the working conditions.
答案：employ proper methods
(3)Many workers have been ________ ________ ________(失业) since the global financial crisis.
答案：out of employment
4. (2011年河南实验中学模拟)How long________at this job?
Since 1990.
A．were you employed
B．have you been employed
C．had you been employed
D．will you be employed
解析：选B。句意： 你从事这项工作有多长时间了？ 从1990年至今。从答语“Since 1990.”可知使用现在完成时。
5.A report by the Chinese Academy of Social Science said________among new graduates grew to over 12 percent last year at 1.5 million because of the global economic crisis.
A．disagreement B．enlargement
C．unemployment D．encouragement
解析：选C。句意：中国社会科学院的一份报告说由于全球经济危机，去年大学毕业生的失业率上升了12%，达到了150万。unemployment“失业，失业率，失业人数”。
4.accuse vt. 指责；谴责；控告
(回归课本P51)He was accused of piracy and sued by the music industry.
他被指控盗版并且遭到音乐行业的起诉。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P14)The government was accused of incompetence.
政府被指责无能。
②(朗文P15)He’s accused of murder.
他被控谋杀。
③The accused was found innocent.
被告被判定无罪。
易混辨析
accuse，charge
两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。
(1)accuse v．指控，控诉，与介词of连用。
(2)charge v．可以指因为小错而受到责备，也指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。
①He was charged with murder.
②She accused him of lying.
6．完成句子
(1)我的老师总是指责我粗心。
My teacher________ ________ ________ ________ ________carelessness.
答案：is always accusing me of
(2)玛丽被指控为同谋犯。
Mary________ ________as an accomplice.
答案：was accused
5.therefore adv. 因此，所以
(回归课本P53)Therefore，I am writing to you to voice my opinions.所以，我给你写信陈述我的观点。
归纳拓展
therefore和so两词都作“因此”讲。therefore作“因此”讲时是副词，通常不用来连接两个分句；而so是连词，因此它可以用来连接两个分句。
例句探源
①(牛津P2095)He’s only 17 and therefore not eligible to vote.
他只有17岁，因此没有投票选举的资格。
②(朗文P2134)It was clear Lucy was unhappy.Thercefore，it comes as no surprise she has decided to design.
很明显露西很不快乐，因此她决定辞职一点都不令人吃惊。
7．句型转换
Mr.Brown knows little about China and therefore he can’t advise you about it.
布朗先生对中国不甚了解，所以他给你提不出什么建议。
＝Mr.Brown knows little about China，________he can’t advise you about it.
＝Mr.Brown knows little about China.________，he can’t advise you about it.
答案：so；Therefore
6.voice vt. 吐露，表达
n． 声音
(回归课本P53)Therefore，I am writing to you to voice my opinions.所以，我给你写信陈述我的观点。
归纳拓展
in an angry(a sad，a cheerful)voice以很生气(伤心，快活)的声音?
at the top of the voice高声地?
in a low voice低声地?
lose one’s voice失音?
drop(lower)/raise(lift up)one’s voice放低/提高声音give voice to说出/(发表)(意见)；吐露(心声，感情
例句探源
①(朗文P2291)He voiced several objections to the plan.
他对这项计划提出了几点反对意见。
②(牛津P2250)“I promise”，she said in a small voice.
“我答应”，她小声说。
③(牛津P2250)He pledged that his party would listen to the voice of the people.
他保证他的政党愿意倾听人民的呼声。
8.Hoping to make herself______clearly，she spoke________her voice.
A．hear；at the top of
B．heard；at the top of
C．hear；in a low voice
D．heard；in a low voice
解析：选B。句意“希望能让别人听清楚，她用最大的声音讲话”，herself和hear之间构成被动关系，故用heard；at the top of one’s voice高声地。
9．完成句子
如果有问题，请说出来，别犹豫。
Don’t hesitate to________them if you have any problems.
答案：voice
7.pass on 传递
(回归课本P42)The sense of touch is passed on to the fingertips via thousands of sensors in the gloves.
触觉是通过手套中的数千个传感器传递到指尖的。
归纳拓展
pass sth.on to sb.将某物传交给某人?
pass away去世?
pass by走过，经过；(时间)过去?
pass sth.down从一代传给下一代?
pass through经过，路过；经历
例句探源
①(牛津P1453)I passed your message on to my mother.
我把你的留言转给我妈了。
②(朗文P1493)It’s been over a year since Mrs.Brock passed away.布罗克太太去世有1年多了。
③These remedies have been passed down from generation to generation.
这些治疗方法一代一代传了下来。
10．完成句子
(1)这些珠宝在他们家代代相传已有近两百年的历史了。
These jewels ________ ________ ________ ________ in his family from generation to generation for about two hundred years.
答案：have been passed down
(2)现在让我们看看下一个题目。
Let us now ________ ________ ________the next subject.
答案：pass on to
(3)她患了重感冒，结果又传染了孩子。
She caught a bad cold and therefore，she ________ it ________ to her baby.
答案：passed；on
11.The procession passed right ________ my front door.
A．away B．by
C．out D．down
解析：选B。句意为：队伍正好从我家前门经过。pass by“经过”。
8.put forward vt. 提出(观点、议案等)；推荐；将……提前；把(时针)拨快
(回归课本P43)An argument has been put forward that some viewers will be disappointed by RealCine because VR is not real.
有人提出了这样的看法：“实影”会让某些观众感到失望，因为虚拟现实毕竟不是现实。
归纳拓展
put away放好；积蓄?
put an end to结束?
put down记下；镇压?
put off推迟?
put out扑灭；熄(灯)?
put up挂起；举起；贴(广告等)?
put up with忍受
put sb.through(to...)给……接通电话?
put on穿戴上；(速度、体重)增加；上演?put sth aside忽视；不理睬；忘记
例句探源
①(朗文P1660)The Dutch delegation put forward a new trade deal.
荷兰代表团提出了一个新的贸易协议。
②(牛津P1614)Can I put you your name forward for club secretary？我推荐你/提名你任俱乐部秘书好不好？
③We’ve put the meeting forward by two days.
我们已把会议提前了两天。
④Remember to put your clocks forward tonight.
记着今晚把时钟指针往前拨。
易混辨析
put forward，come up，come up with
这三个短语都有“提出”的意思。put forward作“提出”讲，相当于come up with，是及物动词短语。come up为不及物动词短语，意为“被提出”，主语通常是“建议、计划等”的名词。come up with作“提出”讲，是及物动词短语，但无被动语态。
12．完成句子
(1)会上提出了我们应该采取措施保护野生动物的建议。
The suggestion that we do something to protect the wild animals was _______ _______at the meeting.
答案：put forward
(2)我们已把婚礼提前了一周。
We’ve ________ the wedding ________ by one week.
答案：put；forward
(3)他们决定搁置双方的分歧。
They decided to ________ ________ their differences.
答案：put aside
13. (2011年辽宁省大连市第一次模拟) The dustmen will go on strike if the demands they ________ are turned down.
A．could put forward B．would put forward
C．put forward D．had put forward
解析：选C。句意为：如果他们提出的要求遭到拒绝的话，环卫工人将会继续罢工。they put forward为定语从句，修饰demands。
14.Considered in all sides，the plan ________ by Miss Li is the best.
A．put on B．put away
C．put off D．put forward
解析：选D。句意为：结合各方面的因素，李女士提出的计划是最好的。put forward提出(计划、建议等)，其它选项与题意不符。
9.come across
(回归课本P58)During their journey，the professor and his nephew come across the Central Sea，a big underground ocean.
在旅途中，那位教授和他的侄子遇见了the Central Sea，一个大的地下海洋。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P386)She came across some old photographs in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现了些旧照片。
②(朗文P384)Your point really came across at the meeting.
大家在会上确实理解了你的观点。
③Some candidates simply do not come across well on screen.
有些侯选人在屏幕上给人的印象就是不好。
【温馨提示】
表示“意外，偶然遇到”的短语还有：
happen to meet
chance to meet
meet with
meet sb./sth.by chance
meet sb./sth.by accident
【注意】 come across 后虽可跟宾语，但不能用于被动语态。
15．用come相关短语的适当形式填空：
(1)It ________ ________ that he had been stealing from his friends.
答案：came out
(2)When she ________ ________ ________，she found herself lying in bed.
答案：came to herself
(3)I have just ________ ________ an old friend.
答案：come across
句型解析
1【教材原句】 Upon reaching the top of the mountain，a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced.(P42)
到达山顶时，观众会体验到一种愉快感和成就感。
【句法分析】 upon/on＋n./doing...表示“一……就……”。
On my arrival in Shanghai，I went to see him.
我一到上海就去看他。
表示“一……就……”的句型
as soon as/once＋从句
the moment/the minute＋从句
immediately/directly/instantly＋从句
no sooner...than/hardly...when/scarcely...when
16．一句多译
我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。
_________________________________，
__________________________________，
___________________________________，
I discovered they had gone.
答案：(1)On/Upon arriving home (2)As soon as/The moment/The minute I arrived home (3)Immediately/Directly/Instantly I arrived home
2【教材原句】 Scared and cold，the Time Traveller starts back towards the present.(P58)
由于害怕和寒冷，时光旅行者动身返回现代。
【句法分析】 scared and cold为形容词短语作原因状语。在描绘性文字中，形容词(短语)或形容词化的分词有时起状语的作用，说明主句所述的原因、时间或主语所处境况或意义增补。
(1)表原因
表原因的形容词(短语)或形容词化的分词多放在句首，句子的主语亦是其逻辑主语。表原因的形容词(短语)相当于原因状语从句。
①Thirsty and eager to have a rest，he went into a teahouse.
由于口渴，而且想要休息一下，他走进了一家茶社。
(2)表时间
形容词(短语)表主句所述发生的时间，放在句首。其作用相当于一个时间状语从句。
②Ripe(＝When they are ripe)，the oranges taste sweet.
这些橘子熟了时，味道甜美。
(3)说明主语的境况或意义增补
形容词(短语)表示主语所处境况或意义增补时，常放在句末，相当于一个和主句并列的句子。
③Holmes found the man lying on the floor，dead(＝and he was dead)．福尔摩斯发现那个人躺在地板上，死了。
④They turned up safe and sound.
他们安然无恙地出现了。
17．He won the first prize in the English speech contest，________.
A．happy and relaxedly
B．happy and relaxed
C．happily and relaxedly
D．happily and relaxed
解析：选B。考查形容词作状语。此处用形容词作状语，补充说明主语的状态；而副词作状语多用来修饰谓语动词。
作文指导
句式变换
1．非谓语和从句的变换
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词。使用非谓语动词可以在有限的空间内容纳更多的信息，使句子结构紧凑、逻辑严谨。
【佳句选粹1】
【原文】【优化】
It must be realized that people should be cautious when they decide which books they should choose to read since if they read bad books，it will be timewasting and harmful.It must be realized that people should be cautious deciding which books they should choose to read since reading bad books is timewasting and harmful.
【分析】 把“when they decide”改为“deciding”，if 条件从句改为动名词短语作主语，句子结构变得更加紧凑，简洁明了。
【佳句选粹2】
【原文】【优化】
Because I was ill，I didn’t go to the party . The party was organized by my classmates yesterday.Being ill，I didn’t go to the party which was organized by my classmates yesterday.
【分析】 把原句中的原因状语从句用分词的形式变换，又用了个定语从句把两个句子连起来，使得句子更紧凑，更严谨。
2.强调句的变换
写作中，常使用强调句来达到突出重点的目的。强调句的基本结构是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。另外，英语中还经常使用助动词do/does/did对谓语动词进行强调。
【佳句选粹1】
【原文】【优化】
I met a friend of mine in the street yesterday.It was in the street that I met a friend of mine yesterday.
【分析】 改成强调句后，强调说明是“in the street”而不是别的地方，句意的表达更加有力。
【佳句选粹2】
【原文】【优化】
We should be careful when we cross the street.Do be careful when we cross the street.
【分析】 改成强调句后，语气增强了，句意的表达更加有力，可翻译为“过马路时务必要小心”。
3.倒装句的变换
句子成分在句子中都有一定的位置，但有时可以把某些句子成分前后倒置，以达到突出强调的目的或起到某种修饰作用。
英语中倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装。部分倒装在写作中比较常用，经常由否定词提前或“only＋状语”提前引起。
【佳句选粹】
【原文】【优化】
Everyone knows that we are busy all day . We know seldom what is happening both at home and abroad，let alone what we can do for our country.Everyone knows that we are busy all day.Seldom do we know what is happening both at home and abroad，let alone what we can do for our country.
词汇导练
1．The manager decided to have a word with whoever is r____________for the sales department.
2．Only by hard work can we turn our dreams into____________(现实)．
3．I had no o____________to discuss it with her，because she is too busy.
4．Everyone had a different o____________ on the subject.
5．The girl is really t____________to see a jewel in the corner of the street，but it turned out to be only glass.
6．In recent years，our country has made____________(非凡)progress in science and technology.
7．Train arrivals are____________(宣告)over the louderspeaker at the station.
8．The country is supported by____________(工业)．
9．He____________(投资)all his savings in stocks.
10．We’re doing a____________(研究)of children’s eating habits.
11．The new teacher made a strong____________(impress)on all of us by his humorous speech.
12．The government is aiming at full____________(employ)．
1．responsible 2.reality 3.opportunity 4.opinion 5.thrilled
6．extraordinary 7.announced 8.industry 9.invested 10.study 11.impression 12.employment
短语汇集
1．________________ 传递
2．________________ 与……相连接
3．________________ 发出(气味，热等)
4．________________ 提出(观点、议案等)
5．________________ 最后但同样重要的
6．________________ 创办，建立，创立
7．________________ 被控告犯有……罪
8．________________ 关闭，使停业，使倒闭
9．________________ 在我看来，依我看
10．________________ 发现，(偶然)遇见
1.pass on 2.be connected to 3.give out 4.put forward?5.last but not least 6.set up 7.be accused of 8.close down 9.in my opinion 10.come across
语句试译
1．(回归课本P42)________ ________ ________every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma felt by the viewer，__________ ________the cold，the tiredness，the food，the smells，the sights and the sounds of the mountain can all be experienced.
观众不仅能感觉到攀登珠穆琅玛峰的每一个脚步，而且可以体验到山上的寒冷、疲惫、食物、气味、以及声音。
2．(回归课本P42)________/________ ________the top of the mountain，a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced.
到达山顶时，观众就能体验到一种幸福感和成就感。
3．(回归课本P53)In my opinion，it is about time we________new computers.
我认为，是该我们有新电脑的时候了。
4．(回归课本P53)If the PC (No.7)I was using_____ _______a good keyboard，I ______ ______ ______ ______so many mistakes.
如果我使用的7号电脑有个好键盘，我就不会出那么多错了。
5．(回归课本P58)________ ________ ________，the Time Traveller starts back towards the present.
由于害怕和寒冷，时光旅游者踏上了回到现在的旅程。
1.Not only is；but also 2.On/upon reaching 3.had 4.had had；would not have made 5.Scared and cold
核心知识
1.deliver vt. 传送，传递；发表；释放，解救；接生
(回归课本P42)Special food and drink chemicals are delivered into the viewer’s mouth via a straw sensor.
通过一根传感器吸管还可以将特殊的食品和饮料的化学物品输送到观众的嘴里。
11
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P534)As a boy，Ralph delivered newspapers on a bicycle.
拉尔夫小的时候骑自行车送报纸。
②Traditionally，local midwives deliver all the babies in the area.
在过去，当地的接生婆会给本地区所有的婴儿接生。
③(牛津P528)He delivered his lines confidently.
他沉着地说了他的台词。
④They delivered their prisoner over to the invading army.
他们把俘虏交给了侵略军。
1．完成句子
(1)一些新书已被送到学校。
Some new books________ ________ ________ ________the school.
答案：have been delivered to
(2)校长在毕业典礼上作了一个鼓舞人心的演讲。
The headmaster________ ________ ________ ________at the graduation ceremony.
答案：delivered an encouraging speech
(3)她生下了一个健康的婴儿。
She________ ________ ________a healthy baby.
答案：was delivered of
(4)教育把他从无知中解救出来了。
Education delivered him________ignorance.
答案：from
2.impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象；使钦佩；使铭记在心；使明白重要性
(回归课本P45)I think viewers will be impressed by a film that allows them to be a character in the film.
我认为观众会对允许自己扮演角色的电影印象深刻。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P1026)Her words impressed themselves on my memory.
她的话语我铭记在心里。
②(朗文P1041)Dimas was impressed with the students’ knowledge and insight.
学生们的知识和洞察力给迪马斯留下了深刻的印象。
③The idea is to impress the importance of nature on children early in life.
目的是使儿童在人生的早期更了解自然的重要性。
④It’s important to make a good impression at your interview.
面试时给人留下好的印象是很重要的。
2．完成句子
(1)外国游客无一不对该市的景色留有深刻印象。
The sights of the city never fail________ ________foreign tourists.
答案：to impress
(2)你的工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。
We________ ________ ________ ________/________your efficiency.
答案：were most impressed with/by
(3)他的演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。
His speech________ ________ ________ ________ ________the audience.
答案：made a great impression on
3.employ vt.&.n. 雇佣；使用
(回归课本P51)When Napster.com was set up in 1999，the company was very small only Fanning’s family and friends were employed.
当Napster网站于1999年刚刚建立的时候，公司规模还很小 只有Fanning一家和他们的朋友在那里上班。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P664)The factory employs over 2,000 people.
这家工厂雇佣了2000多名工人。
②(牛津P653)The police had to employ force to enter the building.
警察不得不强行进入大楼。
③She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.
她忙着把要做的所有工作列为一个清单。
易混辨析
employ，hire，rent
三者都有“雇佣”的意思。employ指雇佣人；hire可指雇佣人，也可指租用车船等；rent更常用于租用场地，东西等；employ和rent多带有长期性，而hire多指临时雇佣。
①He was employed as a research assistant.
②They hired out boats to people on holiday.
③She rented me a room.
3．完成句子
(1)For the past three years he ________ ________ ________ ________(受雇当……)a gate keeper.
答案：has been employed as
(2)He suggested we ________ ________ ________ (使用适当的方法)to improve the working conditions.
答案：employ proper methods
(3)Many workers have been ________ ________ ________(失业) since the global financial crisis.
答案：out of employment
4. (2011年河南实验中学模拟)How long________at this job?
Since 1990.
A．were you employed
B．have you been employed
C．had you been employed
D．will you be employed
解析：选B。句意： 你从事这项工作有多长时间了？ 从1990年至今。从答语“Since 1990.”可知使用现在完成时。
5.A report by the Chinese Academy of Social Science said________among new graduates grew to over 12 percent last year at 1.5 million because of the global economic crisis.
A．disagreement B．enlargement
C．unemployment D．encouragement
解析：选C。句意：中国社会科学院的一份报告说由于全球经济危机，去年大学毕业生的失业率上升了12%，达到了150万。unemployment“失业，失业率，失业人数”。
4.accuse vt. 指责；谴责；控告
(回归课本P51)He was accused of piracy and sued by the music industry.
他被指控盗版并且遭到音乐行业的起诉。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P14)The government was accused of incompetence.
政府被指责无能。
②(朗文P15)He’s accused of murder.
他被控谋杀。
③The accused was found innocent.
被告被判定无罪。
易混辨析
accuse，charge
两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。
(1)accuse v．指控，控诉，与介词of连用。
(2)charge v．可以指因为小错而受到责备，也指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。
①He was charged with murder.
②She accused him of lying.
6．完成句子
(1)我的老师总是指责我粗心。
My teacher________ ________ ________ ________ ________carelessness.
答案：is always accusing me of
(2)玛丽被指控为同谋犯。
Mary________ ________as an accomplice.
答案：was accused
5.therefore adv. 因此，所以
(回归课本P53)Therefore，I am writing to you to voice my opinions.所以，我给你写信陈述我的观点。
归纳拓展
therefore和so两词都作“因此”讲。therefore作“因此”讲时是副词，通常不用来连接两个分句；而so是连词，因此它可以用来连接两个分句。
例句探源
①(牛津P2095)He’s only 17 and therefore not eligible to vote.
他只有17岁，因此没有投票选举的资格。
②(朗文P2134)It was clear Lucy was unhappy.Thercefore，it comes as no surprise she has decided to design.
很明显露西很不快乐，因此她决定辞职一点都不令人吃惊。
7．句型转换
Mr.Brown knows little about China and therefore he can’t advise you about it.
布朗先生对中国不甚了解，所以他给你提不出什么建议。
＝Mr.Brown knows little about China，________he can’t advise you about it.
＝Mr.Brown knows little about China.________，he can’t advise you about it.
答案：so；Therefore
6.voice vt. 吐露，表达
n． 声音
(回归课本P53)Therefore，I am writing to you to voice my opinions.所以，我给你写信陈述我的观点。
归纳拓展
in an angry(a sad，a cheerful)voice以很生气(伤心，快活)的声音?
at the top of the voice高声地?
in a low voice低声地?
lose one’s voice失音?
drop(lower)/raise(lift up)one’s voice放低/提高声音give voice to说出/(发表)(意见)；吐露(心声，感情
例句探源
①(朗文P2291)He voiced several objections to the plan.
他对这项计划提出了几点反对意见。
②(牛津P2250)“I promise”，she said in a small voice.
“我答应”，她小声说。
③(牛津P2250)He pledged that his party would listen to the voice of the people.
他保证他的政党愿意倾听人民的呼声。
8.Hoping to make herself______clearly，she spoke________her voice.
A．hear；at the top of
B．heard；at the top of
C．hear；in a low voice
D．heard；in a low voice
解析：选B。句意“希望能让别人听清楚，她用最大的声音讲话”，herself和hear之间构成被动关系，故用heard；at the top of one’s voice高声地。
9．完成句子
如果有问题，请说出来，别犹豫。
Don’t hesitate to________them if you have any problems.
答案：voice
7.pass on 传递
(回归课本P42)The sense of touch is passed on to the fingertips via thousands of sensors in the gloves.
触觉是通过手套中的数千个传感器传递到指尖的。
归纳拓展
pass sth.on to sb.将某物传交给某人?
pass away去世?
pass by走过，经过；(时间)过去?
pass sth.down从一代传给下一代?
pass through经过，路过；经历
例句探源
①(牛津P1453)I passed your message on to my mother.
我把你的留言转给我妈了。
②(朗文P1493)It’s been over a year since Mrs.Brock passed away.布罗克太太去世有1年多了。
③These remedies have been passed down from generation to generation.
这些治疗方法一代一代传了下来。
10．完成句子
(1)这些珠宝在他们家代代相传已有近两百年的历史了。
These jewels ________ ________ ________ ________ in his family from generation to generation for about two hundred years.
答案：have been passed down
(2)现在让我们看看下一个题目。
Let us now ________ ________ ________the next subject.
答案：pass on to
(3)她患了重感冒，结果又传染了孩子。
She caught a bad cold and therefore，she ________ it ________ to her baby.
答案：passed；on
11.The procession passed right ________ my front door.
A．away B．by
C．out D．down
解析：选B。句意为：队伍正好从我家前门经过。pass by“经过”。
8.put forward vt. 提出(观点、议案等)；推荐；将……提前；把(时针)拨快
(回归课本P43)An argument has been put forward that some viewers will be disappointed by RealCine because VR is not real.
有人提出了这样的看法：“实影”会让某些观众感到失望，因为虚拟现实毕竟不是现实。
归纳拓展
put away放好；积蓄?
put an end to结束?
put down记下；镇压?
put off推迟?
put out扑灭；熄(灯)?
put up挂起；举起；贴(广告等)?
put up with忍受
put sb.through(to...)给……接通电话?
put on穿戴上；(速度、体重)增加；上演?put sth aside忽视；不理睬；忘记
例句探源
①(朗文P1660)The Dutch delegation put forward a new trade deal.
荷兰代表团提出了一个新的贸易协议。
②(牛津P1614)Can I put you your name forward for club secretary？我推荐你/提名你任俱乐部秘书好不好？
③We’ve put the meeting forward by two days.
我们已把会议提前了两天。
④Remember to put your clocks forward tonight.
记着今晚把时钟指针往前拨。
易混辨析
put forward，come up，come up with
这三个短语都有“提出”的意思。put forward作“提出”讲，相当于come up with，是及物动词短语。come up为不及物动词短语，意为“被提出”，主语通常是“建议、计划等”的名词。come up with作“提出”讲，是及物动词短语，但无被动语态。
12．完成句子
(1)会上提出了我们应该采取措施保护野生动物的建议。
The suggestion that we do something to protect the wild animals was _______ _______at the meeting.
答案：put forward
(2)我们已把婚礼提前了一周。
We’ve ________ the wedding ________ by one week.
答案：put；forward
(3)他们决定搁置双方的分歧。
They decided to ________ ________ their differences.
答案：put aside
13. (2011年辽宁省大连市第一次模拟) The dustmen will go on strike if the demands they ________ are turned down.
A．could put forward B．would put forward
C．put forward D．had put forward
解析：选C。句意为：如果他们提出的要求遭到拒绝的话，环卫工人将会继续罢工。they put forward为定语从句，修饰demands。
14.Considered in all sides，the plan ________ by Miss Li is the best.
A．put on B．put away
C．put off D．put forward
解析：选D。句意为：结合各方面的因素，李女士提出的计划是最好的。put forward提出(计划、建议等)，其它选项与题意不符。
9.come across
(回归课本P58)During their journey，the professor and his nephew come across the Central Sea，a big underground ocean.
在旅途中，那位教授和他的侄子遇见了the Central Sea，一个大的地下海洋。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P386)She came across some old photographs in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现了些旧照片。
②(朗文P384)Your point really came across at the meeting.
大家在会上确实理解了你的观点。
③Some candidates simply do not come across well on screen.
有些侯选人在屏幕上给人的印象就是不好。
【温馨提示】
表示“意外，偶然遇到”的短语还有：
happen to meet
chance to meet
meet with
meet sb./sth.by chance
meet sb./sth.by accident
【注意】 come across 后虽可跟宾语，但不能用于被动语态。
15．用come相关短语的适当形式填空：
(1)It ________ ________ that he had been stealing from his friends.
答案：came out
(2)When she ________ ________ ________，she found herself lying in bed.
答案：came to herself
(3)I have just ________ ________ an old friend.
答案：come across
句型解析
1【教材原句】 Upon reaching the top of the mountain，a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced.(P42)
到达山顶时，观众会体验到一种愉快感和成就感。
【句法分析】 upon/on＋n./doing...表示“一……就……”。
On my arrival in Shanghai，I went to see him.
我一到上海就去看他。
表示“一……就……”的句型
as soon as/once＋从句
the moment/the minute＋从句
immediately/directly/instantly＋从句
no sooner...than/hardly...when/scarcely...when
16．一句多译
我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。
_________________________________，
__________________________________，
___________________________________，
I discovered they had gone.
答案：(1)On/Upon arriving home (2)As soon as/The moment/The minute I arrived home (3)Immediately/Directly/Instantly I arrived home
2【教材原句】 Scared and cold，the Time Traveller starts back towards the present.(P58)
由于害怕和寒冷，时光旅行者动身返回现代。
【句法分析】 scared and cold为形容词短语作原因状语。在描绘性文字中，形容词(短语)或形容词化的分词有时起状语的作用，说明主句所述的原因、时间或主语所处境况或意义增补。
(1)表原因
表原因的形容词(短语)或形容词化的分词多放在句首，句子的主语亦是其逻辑主语。表原因的形容词(短语)相当于原因状语从句。
①Thirsty and eager to have a rest，he went into a teahouse.
由于口渴，而且想要休息一下，他走进了一家茶社。
(2)表时间
形容词(短语)表主句所述发生的时间，放在句首。其作用相当于一个时间状语从句。
②Ripe(＝When they are ripe)，the oranges taste sweet.
这些橘子熟了时，味道甜美。
(3)说明主语的境况或意义增补
形容词(短语)表示主语所处境况或意义增补时，常放在句末，相当于一个和主句并列的句子。
③Holmes found the man lying on the floor，dead(＝and he was dead)．福尔摩斯发现那个人躺在地板上，死了。
④They turned up safe and sound.
他们安然无恙地出现了。
17．He won the first prize in the English speech contest，________.
A．happy and relaxedly
B．happy and relaxed
C．happily and relaxedly
D．happily and relaxed
解析：选B。考查形容词作状语。此处用形容词作状语，补充说明主语的状态；而副词作状语多用来修饰谓语动词。
作文指导
句式变换
1．非谓语和从句的变换
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词。使用非谓语动词可以在有限的空间内容纳更多的信息，使句子结构紧凑、逻辑严谨。
【佳句选粹1】
【原文】【优化】
It must be realized that people should be cautious when they decide which books they should choose to read since if they read bad books，it will be timewasting and harmful.It must be realized that people should be cautious deciding which books they should choose to read since reading bad books is timewasting and harmful.
【分析】 把“when they decide”改为“deciding”，if 条件从句改为动名词短语作主语，句子结构变得更加紧凑，简洁明了。
【佳句选粹2】
【原文】【优化】
Because I was ill，I didn’t go to the party . The party was organized by my classmates yesterday.Being ill，I didn’t go to the party which was organized by my classmates yesterday.
【分析】 把原句中的原因状语从句用分词的形式变换，又用了个定语从句把两个句子连起来，使得句子更紧凑，更严谨。
2.强调句的变换
写作中，常使用强调句来达到突出重点的目的。强调句的基本结构是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。另外，英语中还经常使用助动词do/does/did对谓语动词进行强调。
【佳句选粹1】
【原文】【优化】
I met a friend of mine in the street yesterday.It was in the street that I met a friend of mine yesterday.
【分析】 改成强调句后，强调说明是“in the street”而不是别的地方，句意的表达更加有力。
【佳句选粹2】
【原文】【优化】
We should be careful when we cross the street.Do be careful when we cross the street.
【分析】 改成强调句后，语气增强了，句意的表达更加有力，可翻译为“过马路时务必要小心”。
3.倒装句的变换
句子成分在句子中都有一定的位置，但有时可以把某些句子成分前后倒置，以达到突出强调的目的或起到某种修饰作用。
英语中倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装。部分倒装在写作中比较常用，经常由否定词提前或“only＋状语”提前引起。
【佳句选粹】
【原文】【优化】
Everyone knows that we are busy all day . We know seldom what is happening both at home and abroad，let alone what we can do for our country.Everyone knows that we are busy all day.Seldom do we know what is happening both at home and abroad，let alone what we can do for our country.
