M
卫辉一中2012届高三二轮备考抓分点透析之英语
名词性从句
【2012年高考命题预测】
名词性从句涉及较为复杂的句式结构，是高中英 语的一个重点语法，也是历年高考的高频考点。通过对近年高考题的分析，2012年高考应着重注意：1、名词性从句引导词的区别；2、that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别；3、某些固定搭配及句型在名词性从句中的用法。
【重难点突破】
【概述】名词在句中一般作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。能象一个名词一样在句中充当这些成分的从句就叫名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。常用的连接词有：
连接词作用
whether 是否
that (本身无词义)只起连接词作用，引导从句，在从句中不作任何成分
who, whom, whose
which 哪一个
what 什么，所…的在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语
在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语
在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语
when什么时候，where什么地方
how怎样、怎么，why为什么除了起连接词作用外，还在从句中作状语
疑问词（who, whom, whose, what, which, where, why, when, how）可以引导主语、宾语和表语从句。它们的特点是：1、疑问词有本身的词义；2、疑问词在从句中担当句子成分，如主语、宾语或状语；3、这种疑问词引导的从句一律用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。
Do you know whom they are looking for? 你知道他们在找谁吗？
（宾语从句，陈述语序。不能是whom are they looking for?）
I don’t know who did it.我不知道这是谁干的。
（宾语从句。在从句中如果疑问词作主语，其陈述语序和疑问语序一致。）
She asked me where I had been.她问我到哪儿去了。
（宾语从句。陈述语序，不能是where had I been. 直接引语，间接引语。注意这句话的时态。）
Can you tell me when the train will arrive? 你能告诉我火车什么时候到吗？
(宾语从句。陈述语序，不能是when will the train arrive. 直接引语，间接引语。)
I don’t know why he hasn’t come yet. 我不知道他为什么还没来。
（宾语从句，陈述语序。不能是why hasn’t he come yet.）
He didn’t tell me what you were doing. 他没和我说你在干什么。
（宾语从句，陈述语序。不能是what were you doing.）
What you have done might do harm t other people. 你所做过的事情有可能伤害别人。
（主语从句。what 作从句的宾语。陈述语序，不能是what have you done. 如果用疑问语序，意思发生了变化，成了“你做了什么？”。）[来源:Zxxk.Com]
I don’t know where he is now. 我不知道他现在在哪里。
（宾语从句，陈述语序。不能是where is he now.）
Where he went for his weekend is not known. 不知道他去哪里过的周末。
（主语从句，where 作从句的地点状语。陈述语序，不能是where did he go for his weekend.）
Whose fault this is is not important. 这是谁的过错并不重要。
（主语从句，whose 作从句的定语。陈述语序，不能是whose fault is this.）
What I want to know is where he has gone for his weekend. 我想知道的是他到哪里度周末去了。
（这句话包含两个名词性从句：what I want to know是主语从句，what 在从句中作宾语，从句用陈述语序，不能是What do I want to know. Where he has gone for his weekend 是表语从句，where 在从句中作状语，从句用陈述语序，不能是where has he gone for his weekend.）
下面我们再分别讲述主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。
一、 主语从句
1．that 引导主语从句时，that 没有意义，但不能省略。
（that 引导宾语从句时可以省略。）
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的头发正在变白，这使她很不安。
that引导主语从句，it 作形式主语，that 不能省略。[来源:Zxxk.Com]
That she is a rich woman is known to us all. 众所周知，她是个富有的女人。
这是that 引导主语从句，that 不能省略。这句话可以改为用it 作形式主语的句型。请同学们改写：It is known to us all that she is a rich woman.）[来源:学&科&网]
We didn’t know (that) you had sold your house. 我们不知道你已经把你的房子卖了。
这是that引导宾语从句，that 可以省略。注意这句话的时态。
2．从句作主语时，多数情况下由 it 作形式主语，而把主语从句放在后面，尤其是谓语部分（包括宾语）较短的情况下。
It wasn’t very clear what she meant. 不清楚她是什么意思。
It is important that he should come on time. 他按时来是很重要的。
It is true that that man on the left is a well-known writer here. 左边那个人是本地的一位著名作家，这是真的。
这里，第一个that 引导主语从句，是单纯的连词，无词义，不作句子成分。第二个that 是指示代词，作句子成分，是man 的定语。
3．whether 既可以引导主语从句也可以引导宾语从句，但if不能引导主语从句。whether 后面可以加or not, 而if 不能与or not 连用。作介词宾语时不用if.如：
Whether I knew John doesn’t matter. = It doesn’t matter whether I knew John. 我是否认识约翰没有关系。
Whether or not she’ll come isn’t clear. = Whether she’ll come or not isn’t clear. = It isn’t clear whether …. 她是否来还不清楚。
It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation. 这是主语从句还是宾语从句？it 是形式主语吗？it 是代词，whether 引导的是宾语从句，作介词on 的宾语，不能用if引导。请翻译这句话。这完全取决于我们是否能得到他们的合作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
宾语从句，介词宾语，不能用if 引导。
She asked me whether/if you were married. 宾语从句，既可以用whether, 又可以用if 引导。注意时态的对应。
We haven’t decided whether/if we shall give them aid.
I’m not sure whether/if the report is believable.
Now let’s do some translation:
现在还很难预测谁会赢得下一届总统选举。
It is still hard to predict who will win the next presidential election.
对于多数公民来说，谁当选总统无关紧要。
Who will become the president doesn’t matter much to most citizens.
这位前总统是否会被判处死刑还有待观察。
It remains to be seen whether the ex-president will be sentenced to death.
真可惜，王教授不能出席我们的英语晚会。
It is a pity that Prof. Wang can’t attend our English Evening.
我们需要的是更多的时间。
What we need is more time.
二、 宾语从句
在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可以带有宾语从句。某些形容词如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以带有宾语从句。
1．that 引导的宾语从句: that 没有意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略
I really feel she’s making a mistake. 我的确感到她正犯错误。
James said (that) he was feeling better. 詹姆斯说他感到好些了。
Hearing that his son was badly wounded, he hurried to the hospital to see him.听说儿子受了重伤，他急忙赶到医院去看望他。
I suggested that we should go home. 我建议我们回家去。
虚拟语气，that 一般不能省略。
2．whether/if (是否)引导的宾语从句：如果要突出“究竟是…还是不…”，常在whether 后面加or not; if 一般不与or not连用。如：
He asked me if/whether I knew John. 他问我是否认识约翰。
Let me know whether you can come or not.
你能来还是不能来，告诉我一声。
3．在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词的宾语从句中，否定不用在从句中，而是将think 等词变为否定形式。
I don’t think the film is interesting.我觉得这部电影没什么意思。
I don’t suppose we are going outing tomorrow.
我认为我们明天不会出去郊游。
4．如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, take….for granted等。
George made it clear that he opposed this project.
乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目。it 代表that 引导的句子，作宾语，clear 是宾语补足语。
They kept it quiet that he was dead.
对他已经死亡的消息，他们秘而不宣。
I took it for granted that you’d stay with us.
我想当然认为你会和我们呆在一起。
三、同位语从句
同位语从句是对名词的内容给予具体、详细的说明。常在后面接同位语从句的名词有fact, news, idea, truth, hope, suggestion, question, problem, doubt, fear, belief等。同位语从句常用的引导词为that,有是也用when, where 等疑问词。
The news that the United States was hit by terrorist attacks took the whole world by surprise. 美国受到恐怖主义分子袭击的消息令全世界吃惊。
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。
People used to hold the belief that the earth was the center of the universe. 人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。
The difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money.困难在于我们缺乏资金这个事实。
They have no idea at all where he has gone.他们一点儿也不知道他去哪儿了。
注意：同位语从句的that 只是引导词，没有其他语法作用，在句子中不作句子成分，不能省略；而定语从句中的that 除了引导定语从句外，还是定语从句的一个成分，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
The idea that some peoples are superior to others is sheer nonsense.
有些民族优越于其他民族这种想法简直荒谬。（请辨别是同位语从句还是定语从句。）（同位语从句）
The idea that he proposed at the meeting is sheer nonsense.
他在会议上提出的这个想法简直荒谬。（请辨别是同位语从句还是定语从句。）（定语从句）
No one is happy with the fact that he found out.
没有人对他发现的事实感到高兴。（请辨别是同位语从句还是定语从句。）（定语从句）
No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss.
没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。（请辨别是同位语从句还是定语从句。）（同位语从句）
四、表语从句
表语从句位于主句的连系动词之后，在非正式文体中引导词that可以省略。
That’s not what I want. 那不是我要的。
That’s why I have come.那就是我为什么来了。
My opinion is that things will improve.我的意见是事情会好起来的。
One advantage of solar energy is that it will never run out.
太阳能的一个优点是永远也不会枯竭。
The truth is that he didn’t really try. 实际情况是他没有真正努力。
The problem is who is to pay and when we can start.
问题是谁来付帐、我们又何时开始。
The fact is that he didn’t notice the car until too late.
事实是他注意到车时已经太晚了。
What surprised me was that he spoke English so well.
使我感到吃惊的是他英语讲得那么好。
All I can say is that I have nothing to do with it.
我能说的就是我与此事没有关系。
What I want to know is where we shall go and whether she will join us. 我想知道的是我们要去什么地方以及她是否加入我们。
此外，表语从句还可由as if （好像）引导。
It looked as if it was/were going to rain. （虚拟语气）
Now let’s do some translation:
这就是她昨天请一天假的原因。
That is why she had a day off yesterday.
我的想法是，个人的权利应该得到充分尊重。
My idea is that individual rights should be fully respected.
问题在于上帝是否真的存在。
The question is whether the God really exists.
我想知道的是，他是如何在这么短的时间内完成这个项目的。
What I want to know is how he managed to complete the project in such a short time.
一、名词性从句连接词的选用：
⒈ if 和whether:
whether 和if在引导宾语从句时，意思是“是否”，这时if并没有“假设，如果”的意思；引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及介词后之宾语从句，不能用if, 只能用whether；多数情况下引导动词之宾语从句可用if 或 whether； whether引导的从句中可以有or not， if 引导的从句一般没有or not。
（2011?山东卷）33．We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know____ she’ll accept it．【C】
A．where B．whatC．whetherD．which
（2011?重庆卷）22．It is still under discussion _______the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not．【A】
A．Whether B．when C．which D．where
⒉ that 和what：
that 和what都可引导主 语从句、宾语从句、表语从句（what通常不引导同位语从句，而that则可以）。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句中的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
（2011?天津卷）13．Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases．【C】
A．what B．which C．that D．where
（2011?江西卷）26．The villagers have already known _____ we will do is to rebuild the bridge．【C】
A．this B．that C．what D．which
⒊ 其他连接代词和副词的选用：
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义，正确地选择who, which, when, where, why, how等连接词。这些连接词即有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分，其区别从词义上是显而易见的。whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引导名词性从句，其意分别为“所…的一切事或东西”、“任何…的人”、““…的任可人或物”等。如：
Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要这书都可拿去。
I’ll do whatever I can to help him. 我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。
Buy whichever is cheapest. 买最便宜的。
注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子：
任何人来都欢迎。
误：Who comes will be welcome. / Anyone comes will be welcome
正：Whoever comes will be welcome. / Anyone who comes will be welcome.
另外，它们也可引导让步状语从句，其意为“无论…”、“不管…”，其意相当于 no matter who [what, which]。如：
Whatever happens, you must be calm. 不管发生什么情况，你都必须镇静。(whatever = no matter what)
He won't eat you, whoever he is. 不管他是谁，他也不能把你吃掉。(whoever = no matter who)
注：whoever 既用作主格也用作宾语；作宾语时不宜用 whomever，因为在现代英语中 whomever 这个已几乎废弃不用。
（2011?山东卷）26．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______he never finishing anything．【D】
A．that B．when C．where D．why
（2010浙江）―How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
―OK, you want. 【C】
A．whichever B．however C．whateverD．whoever
（2010上海）37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .【B】
A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
4. why 与 because 的用法区别。两者均可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调的原因。如：
I had a cold. That’s why I didn't come. 我感冒了，因此我没来。
I didn’t come. That’s because I had a cold. 我没有来，那是因为我感冒了。
5. 引导词that的省略
主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、用it作形式宾语的宾语从句及并列宾语从句中的后几个从句，that都不能省略。只有单个宾语从句中的 that 可以省略。
（2010上海）36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.【A】
A. that B. how C. what D. why
（10北京）32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 【B】
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
二、名词性从句的语序
名词性从句的语序要用陈述句语序，而不要使用一般疑问句的语序
（2010湖北）74. The news ________（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)
答案：that the housing price will fall
三、同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。如果定语从句是用that引导，that在从句中不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分；同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体、实际内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，无具体词义，且不可省略。
（2011?辽宁卷）32．When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army．【C】 （同位语从句）
A．since B．which C．that D．because
（2011?山东卷）32．The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other．【D】）（定语从句）
A．they B．where C．what D．that
四、名词性从句在固定搭配、固定句型中的用法
1、由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句句型有四种：
It + be + adj.(strange/ natural/ surprising/ obvious/ true/ fortunate/ wonderful/ funny/ possible/ impossible/ likely/ unlikely/ clear/ unusual/ certain/ important) + that …
It + be + no wonder/ a pity/ a shame/ a fact/ an honor/ good news + that…
It + be + said/ reported/ believed/ understood + that…
It + seems/happens/appears/doesn’t matter/makes no difference + that…
（2011?湖南卷）31 Before the problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself is． 【A】
A．what B．that C．which D．why
（2010浙江）It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A．that B．what C．how D．whether
2、have/ take/ put/ like + it + that-从句
Enjoy/ hate/ love/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/ prefer + it + when (if)-从句
see to/ look to/ insist on/ stick to/ depend on/ answer for + it + that-从句
take it for granted/ bring it to sb’s attention/ owe it to sb + that-从句
3、there is no doubt that ….毫无疑问….
There is no denying that …不能否认….
There is no/a possibility that… …没可能/有可能
There is a chance that …可能…
【高考真题剖析】
（2011?北京卷）22． Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness．
A．Which B．What C． That D．Whom
答案【B】考查名词性从句。Offer sth to sb，offers后无宾语所以选择B。
（2011?陕西卷）15．I’d like to start my own business ?that’s I’d do if I had the money．
A．why B．when C．which D．what
答案【D】考查名词性从句。表语从句中do后缺少宾语所以选择D。
（10江苏）35. ―I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
―That’s ____ I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.
A. where B. how C. when D. what
答案【A】考查名词性从句、。 这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句.
【真题练习】
（09安徽）1. a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.
A. It has B. They have
C. It remains D. There remains
【答案】D
（09湖南）2．She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
A. whichever B. however
C. whatever D. whoever
【答案】C 名词性从句的引导词。句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵，我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。
（09江西）3. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which C. tha t D. though
【答案】C 间隔式同位语从句的用法。即先行词是the fact 和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。
（09海南）4. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?
A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever
【答案】C whoever既作了 to 的宾语，又作is in charge of International Sales please?的主语。“whoever”作代词，／any person who／the person who／“任何人”、“无论谁”、“……的人”。
（09陕西）5. The how to book can be of help to wants to do the job.
A. who B. whomever
C. no matter who D. whoever
【答案】D 此处从做介词to的宾语，是名词性从句，引导词做从句的主语，指人，意思是：无论是谁，选D
（09海南）6. One of the most important questions they had to co nsider was of public health
A. what B. this C. that D. which
【答案】C 句意为：他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查that作代词，that 作代词，往往用于特指，相当于“that＋名词”，它 也只能代替事情不能代替人。
（09上海）7. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A. what B. which C. that D. how
【答案】B
（09四川）8. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
【答案】C 在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news的内容，由于该题把同位语从句后置了，所以很多考生由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了D项。
（09天津）9. It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.
A . as B. which C. whether D. that
【答案】D
（09浙江）10．－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?
－No problem.
A.WhenB. that C. whetherD. what
【答案】B
（09重庆）11 We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A. that B. when
C. which D. where
【答案】A
（09江苏）12.Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life’s most important decision―marriage―almost entirely up to luck.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
【答案】D
（09山东）13. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother.
A. where B. what C. how D. who
【答案】A remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知，从句缺地点状语，所以选A。
（10福建）35. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have here and treat food nicely.
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
35. 答案：C
考点：宾语从句
解析：空格在句中充当宾语
（10湖南）35. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.
A. where B. whetherC. that D. why
35. 答案D
考点：考查名词性从句。
解析：该空引导宾语从句，根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。
（10天津）14. As a new graduate, he doesn’ t know it takes to start a business here.
A. how B. what C. When D. which
答案： B.
考点：考查名词性从句。
句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。
解析：空格后的从句中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。
主语从句
（??北京）
33. some people regard as a drawbac k is seen as a plus by many others.
A. Whether B. What C. That D. How
33.答案：B
考点: 本题考查主语从句。
句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。
解析：从句中缺宾语，只能用B. what来引导. C.中的That引导主语从句不做成分。
（10浙江）―How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
―OK, you want.
A．whichever B．however
C．whateverD．whoever
答案：C
考点：本题考查引导词。
解析：句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。
9．It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. [来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]
A．that B．what
C．how D．whether
答案：B
考点：本题考查主语从句的引导词。
解析：根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物，但是，它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是“副作用”，还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故选择what，形容词“什么样的”，起修饰作用。
（10上海）36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
A. that B. how C. what D. why
答案：A
考点：此处考查的是表语从句。
解析：考察that引导表语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。
（10湖北）74. The news ________（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)
74. 答案：that the housing price will fall
考点：同位语从句
解析：用 “that” 引导同位语从句，“房价”译成 “housing price”。
（10山东）26. Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.
A. why B. what C. how D. which
答案:B
考点：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。
解析：句意应为“在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。”分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。
（10上海）37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .
A. he is entering which lane
B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane
D. which lane is he entering
答案：B
考点：本题考查宾语从句。
解析：which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。
（10四川）14．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives
A．what B．who C．how D．why
答案：B
考点：考查介词后的宾语从句。
解析：根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去， 故选B。句意为“一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”
（10全国Ⅰ）33. We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.
A. that B. which C. what D. where
33题 答案：D
句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。
解答：根据选项此题考察从句。题干中空格划在动词discuss的后面，因此考察宾语从句，根据句意在宾语从句中缺少地点状语，因此选择D。
（10湖北）31. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.
A. who B. where C. what D. how
31. 答案：C
考点: 宾语从句
解析：我想别人喜欢我是因为我的内在。也就是我inside的品质。只有what可以指代是什么。很多同学误选A，错误的用中文语言习惯去做英文题。
（10全国Ⅱ）10.―Have you finished the book?
---No,I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.
A.which B.what C.hat D.where
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句。Up to为介词结构，后接宾语从句从句；而句意是“读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”，故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。
（10江苏）35. ―I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
―That’s_______I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.
A.where B.how C.when D.what
选A. 这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句.
（10北京）32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
32.答案：B
考点:本题考查表语从句。
解析：从句不缺成分，因此 用that来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。
（2011?天津卷）13．Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases．【C】
A．what B．which C．that D．where
（2011?江西卷）26．The villagers have already known _____ we will do is to rebuild the bridge．【C】
A．this B．that C．what D．which
（2011?四川卷）10．Our teachers always tell us to believes in we do and who we are if we want to succeed．【C】
A．why B．how C．what D．which
（2011?北京卷）31．The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face．【A】
A．what B．how C．that D．why
（2011?北京卷）22． Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness．【B】
A．Which B．What C．That D．Whom
（2011?陕西卷）15．I’d like to start my own business ?that’s I’d do if I had the money． 【D】
A．why B．when C．which D．what
（2011?辽宁卷）32．When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army．【C】
A．since B．which C．that D．because
（2011?江苏卷）26．It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner．【D】
A．that B．howC．when D．why
（2011?湖南卷）31 Before the problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself is． 【A】
A．what B．that C．which D．why
（2011?安徽卷）33．His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express．【D】
A．that B．howC．who D．what
（2011?山东卷）26．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______he never finishing anything．【D】
A．that B．when C．where D．why
（2011?山东卷）33．We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it．【C】
A．whereB．what C．whetherD．which
（2011?重庆卷）34．It is not always easy for the public to see _______ use a new invention can be of to human life．【B】
A．whose B．what[来源:Zxxk.Com]
C．which D．that
（2011?重庆卷）22．It is still under discussion __________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not．【A】
A．Whether B．when
C．which D．where
巩固练习：
1. We should think carefully about ______ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.
A. that B. what C. which D. /
2. ______ you have s een things like these before doesn’t matter.
A. If B. Whether C. What D. When
3. She took it for granted ______ I’d be back home an hour ago.
A. that B. whether C. if D. when
4. At that time I had no idea ______ I cou ld hand it to him without being seen.
A. if B. how C. which D. that how
5. Last Sunday he promised ______ today, but he hasn’t appeared yet.
A. that he would come B. that he will come
C. he will come to see me D . whether he would come
6. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn’t arrive by daylight.
A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for
7. Father made a promise ______ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.
A. that B. if C. whether D. that if
8. ______ is the most useful invention?
A. Do you think which of these B. Which of these do you think
C. Which of these you think D. You think which of these
9. ---I believe ______ you’ve done your best and ______ things will improve.
---Thank you.
A. that; / B. /; / C. what; that D. /; that
10. It depends on ______ we have enough time.
A. if B. if or not C. that D. whether
11. You will realiz e ______ breaks the law will be punish ed.
A. that those who B. that those that
C. whoever D. those whoever
12. I don’t doubt ______ he will come.
A. that B. if C. what D. whether
13. When and why he came here ______ yet.
A. is not known B. are not known
C. has not known D. have not been known
14. The city is no l onger ______.
A. what it is B. that it used to be
C. which it was D. what it used to be
15. ______ was the idea ______ the wife thought of ?
A. What; that B. That; what
C. How; why D. Why; how
16. One of the men held the view ______ the book said was right.
A. what that B. that what
C. that which D. which that
17. ______ you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
18. ______ he really means is ______ he disagrees with us.
A. What; that B. That; what
C. Why; that D. If; what
19. --- Don’t you believe me?
---______. I’ll believe ______ you say.
A. No; whatever B. Yes; no matter what
C. Yes; whatever D. No; no matter what
20. Lei Feng was always thinking of ______ he could help others.
A. that B. how C. when D. which
21. Can you tell me ______?
A. who is that woman B. who the woman is C. whom is the woman D. that woman is
22. Output is now six times ______ it was before liberation.
A. that B. which C. what D. those
23. After months of research there was little hope ______ the lost car might be found.
A. that B. which C. when D. how
名词性从句：BBABABDBDDCAADABCACBBCA
1. _________they have won the game made us excited.
A./ B.That C.What D.Where
2. ________I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.
A.If B.Whether C.Even if D.When
3. _________he says in his report is a very interesting question.
A.What all B.All what C.What D.What that
4. When they will start________not been decided.
A.have B.is C.does D.has
5. _______certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.
A.That is B.This is C.It is D.It has
6. ________is unknown to us all.
A.Where did she put it B.Where she put it
C.That where she put it D.In which she put it
7. ________nothing to do with us.
A.What she did have B.What she did is
C.What did he do has D.What she has done has
8. The trouble is________we are short of hands.
A.what B.that C.how D.which
9. Energy is_________makes things work.
A.what B.everything C.something D.that
10. My hometown is not________it used to_______ten years ago.
A.when, do B.what, do C.what, be D.when, be
11. The rea son_______I have to go is _______my mother is ill in bed.
A.why, why B.why, because C.why, that D.that, because
12. The thought________he might fail in the exam worried him.
A.which B.that C.when D.so that
13. That is________ I lost my pen.
A.when B.where C.that D.what
14. Have you any idea_______?
A.how fast does light travel B.how quick light travels
C.how soon light travels D.how fast light travels
15.His suggestion_______to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.
A.that we go B.which we should go
C.that we would go D.we would go
16.He was interested in________he had seen at the exhibition.
A.which B.that C.all what D.all that
17.He often thinks of________he can do more for his country.
A.what B.how C.that D.which
18.He made_________quite clear that he wouldn't change his mind.
A.this B.that C.it D.what
19.I don't know_________.
A.what was the matter outside B.what the matter outside was
C.what was outside the matter D.what was happened outside
20.He has come , but I didn't know that he________until yesterday.
A.is coming B.will come C.was coming D.wasn't coming
21.He ran back into the room to see if he________anything behind.
A.has forgotten B.had forgotten C.has left D.had left
22.They want to know_________do to help us.
A.what can they B.what they can
C.how they can D.how can they
23.Do you know________brighter than the moon?
A.why the sun look B.why the sun looks
C.why does the sun look D.why is the sun look
24.Can you tell me_______the railway station?
A.how I can get to B.where I can get to
C.how can I get to D.where can I get to
25.These photographs will show you________.
A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like
C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like
26.Can you make sure________the gold ring?
A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put
C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put
27.No one can be sure_________in a million years
A.what man will look like B.what will man look like
C.man will look like what D.what look will man like
28.He asked________for the violin.
A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much
C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid
29.I remember_________this used to be quiet village
A.when B.how C.where D.what
30.----Do you remember_________he came?
----Yes, I do, he came by car.
A.how B.when C.that D.if
31.________the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That
32.It worried her a big_________her hair was turning grey.
A.while B.that C.if D.for
33.________he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter
34.They have to no idea at all_________.
A.where he has gone B.where did he go
C.which place has he gone D.how busy we were
35.You have no idea___________those days.
A.that we were how busy B.how busy were we
C.that how we were busy D.how busy we were
36.I don't know___________.
A.what was the matter outside B.what the matter outside was
C.what was outside the matter D.what was happened outside
37.You can leave the note______you meet in my office.
A.who B.whoever C.to who D.with whomever
38.______a computer works is a question that______can understand.
A.What;none B.How;no one
C.What;nobody D.How; not everyone
39.Go and get your coat.It’s______you left it.
A.there B.where C.there where D.where there
40.It worried a bit______her hair was turning grey.
A.while B.that C.if D.for
答案：1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A10.C 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.D 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.C 21.D 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.B 26.C 27.A 28.D 29.A 30.A 31.C 32.B 33.A 34.A 35.D 36.A 37.D 38.D 39.B 40.B
卫辉一中2012届高三二轮备考抓分点透析之英语
名词性从句
【2012年高考命题预测】
名词性从句涉及较为复杂的句式结构，是高中英 语的一个重点语法，也是历年高考的高频考点。通过对近年高考题的分析，2012年高考应着重注意：1、名词性从句引导词的区别；2、that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别；3、某些固定搭配及句型在名词性从句中的用法。
【重难点突破】
【概述】名词在句中一般作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。能象一个名词一样在句中充当这些成分的从句就叫名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。常用的连接词有：
连接词作用
whether 是否
that (本身无词义)只起连接词作用，引导从句，在从句中不作任何成分
who, whom, whose
which 哪一个
what 什么，所…的在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语
在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语
在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语
when什么时候，where什么地方
how怎样、怎么，why为什么除了起连接词作用外，还在从句中作状语
疑问词（who, whom, whose, what, which, where, why, when, how）可以引导主语、宾语和表语从句。它们的特点是：1、疑问词有本身的词义；2、疑问词在从句中担当句子成分，如主语、宾语或状语；3、这种疑问词引导的从句一律用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。
Do you know whom they are looking for? 你知道他们在找谁吗？
（宾语从句，陈述语序。不能是whom are they looking for?）
I don’t know who did it.我不知道这是谁干的。
（宾语从句。在从句中如果疑问词作主语，其陈述语序和疑问语序一致。）
She asked me where I had been.她问我到哪儿去了。
（宾语从句。陈述语序，不能是where had I been. 直接引语，间接引语。注意这句话的时态。）
Can you tell me when the train will arrive? 你能告诉我火车什么时候到吗？
(宾语从句。陈述语序，不能是when will the train arrive. 直接引语，间接引语。)
I don’t know why he hasn’t come yet. 我不知道他为什么还没来。
（宾语从句，陈述语序。不能是why hasn’t he come yet.）
He didn’t tell me what you were doing. 他没和我说你在干什么。
（宾语从句，陈述语序。不能是what were you doing.）
What you have done might do harm t other people. 你所做过的事情有可能伤害别人。
（主语从句。what 作从句的宾语。陈述语序，不能是what have you done. 如果用疑问语序，意思发生了变化，成了“你做了什么？”。）[来源:Zxxk.Com]
I don’t know where he is now. 我不知道他现在在哪里。
（宾语从句，陈述语序。不能是where is he now.）
Where he went for his weekend is not known. 不知道他去哪里过的周末。
（主语从句，where 作从句的地点状语。陈述语序，不能是where did he go for his weekend.）
Whose fault this is is not important. 这是谁的过错并不重要。
（主语从句，whose 作从句的定语。陈述语序，不能是whose fault is this.）
What I want to know is where he has gone for his weekend. 我想知道的是他到哪里度周末去了。
（这句话包含两个名词性从句：what I want to know是主语从句，what 在从句中作宾语，从句用陈述语序，不能是What do I want to know. Where he has gone for his weekend 是表语从句，where 在从句中作状语，从句用陈述语序，不能是where has he gone for his weekend.）
下面我们再分别讲述主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。
一、 主语从句
1．that 引导主语从句时，that 没有意义，但不能省略。
（that 引导宾语从句时可以省略。）
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的头发正在变白，这使她很不安。
that引导主语从句，it 作形式主语，that 不能省略。[来源:Zxxk.Com]
That she is a rich woman is known to us all. 众所周知，她是个富有的女人。
这是that 引导主语从句，that 不能省略。这句话可以改为用it 作形式主语的句型。请同学们改写：It is known to us all that she is a rich woman.）[来源:学&科&网]
We didn’t know (that) you had sold your house. 我们不知道你已经把你的房子卖了。
这是that引导宾语从句，that 可以省略。注意这句话的时态。
2．从句作主语时，多数情况下由 it 作形式主语，而把主语从句放在后面，尤其是谓语部分（包括宾语）较短的情况下。
It wasn’t very clear what she meant. 不清楚她是什么意思。
It is important that he should come on time. 他按时来是很重要的。
It is true that that man on the left is a well-known writer here. 左边那个人是本地的一位著名作家，这是真的。
这里，第一个that 引导主语从句，是单纯的连词，无词义，不作句子成分。第二个that 是指示代词，作句子成分，是man 的定语。
3．whether 既可以引导主语从句也可以引导宾语从句，但if不能引导主语从句。whether 后面可以加or not, 而if 不能与or not 连用。作介词宾语时不用if.如：
Whether I knew John doesn’t matter. = It doesn’t matter whether I knew John. 我是否认识约翰没有关系。
Whether or not she’ll come isn’t clear. = Whether she’ll come or not isn’t clear. = It isn’t clear whether …. 她是否来还不清楚。
It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation. 这是主语从句还是宾语从句？it 是形式主语吗？it 是代词，whether 引导的是宾语从句，作介词on 的宾语，不能用if引导。请翻译这句话。这完全取决于我们是否能得到他们的合作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
宾语从句，介词宾语，不能用if 引导。
She asked me whether/if you were married. 宾语从句，既可以用whether, 又可以用if 引导。注意时态的对应。
We haven’t decided whether/if we shall give them aid.
I’m not sure whether/if the report is believable.
Now let’s do some translation:
现在还很难预测谁会赢得下一届总统选举。
It is still hard to predict who will win the next presidential election.
对于多数公民来说，谁当选总统无关紧要。
Who will become the president doesn’t matter much to most citizens.
这位前总统是否会被判处死刑还有待观察。
It remains to be seen whether the ex-president will be sentenced to death.
真可惜，王教授不能出席我们的英语晚会。
It is a pity that Prof. Wang can’t attend our English Evening.
我们需要的是更多的时间。
What we need is more time.
二、 宾语从句
在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可以带有宾语从句。某些形容词如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以带有宾语从句。
1．that 引导的宾语从句: that 没有意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略
I really feel she’s making a mistake. 我的确感到她正犯错误。
James said (that) he was feeling better. 詹姆斯说他感到好些了。
Hearing that his son was badly wounded, he hurried to the hospital to see him.听说儿子受了重伤，他急忙赶到医院去看望他。
I suggested that we should go home. 我建议我们回家去。
虚拟语气，that 一般不能省略。
2．whether/if (是否)引导的宾语从句：如果要突出“究竟是…还是不…”，常在whether 后面加or not; if 一般不与or not连用。如：
He asked me if/whether I knew John. 他问我是否认识约翰。
Let me know whether you can come or not.
你能来还是不能来，告诉我一声。
3．在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词的宾语从句中，否定不用在从句中，而是将think 等词变为否定形式。
I don’t think the film is interesting.我觉得这部电影没什么意思。
I don’t suppose we are going outing tomorrow.
我认为我们明天不会出去郊游。
4．如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, take….for granted等。
George made it clear that he opposed this project.
乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目。it 代表that 引导的句子，作宾语，clear 是宾语补足语。
They kept it quiet that he was dead.
对他已经死亡的消息，他们秘而不宣。
I took it for granted that you’d stay with us.
我想当然认为你会和我们呆在一起。
三、同位语从句
同位语从句是对名词的内容给予具体、详细的说明。常在后面接同位语从句的名词有fact, news, idea, truth, hope, suggestion, question, problem, doubt, fear, belief等。同位语从句常用的引导词为that,有是也用when, where 等疑问词。
The news that the United States was hit by terrorist attacks took the whole world by surprise. 美国受到恐怖主义分子袭击的消息令全世界吃惊。
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。
People used to hold the belief that the earth was the center of the universe. 人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。
The difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money.困难在于我们缺乏资金这个事实。
They have no idea at all where he has gone.他们一点儿也不知道他去哪儿了。
注意：同位语从句的that 只是引导词，没有其他语法作用，在句子中不作句子成分，不能省略；而定语从句中的that 除了引导定语从句外，还是定语从句的一个成分，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
The idea that some peoples are superior to others is sheer nonsense.
有些民族优越于其他民族这种想法简直荒谬。（请辨别是同位语从句还是定语从句。）（同位语从句）
The idea that he proposed at the meeting is sheer nonsense.
他在会议上提出的这个想法简直荒谬。（请辨别是同位语从句还是定语从句。）（定语从句）
No one is happy with the fact that he found out.
没有人对他发现的事实感到高兴。（请辨别是同位语从句还是定语从句。）（定语从句）
No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss.
没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。（请辨别是同位语从句还是定语从句。）（同位语从句）
四、表语从句
表语从句位于主句的连系动词之后，在非正式文体中引导词that可以省略。
That’s not what I want. 那不是我要的。
That’s why I have come.那就是我为什么来了。
My opinion is that things will improve.我的意见是事情会好起来的。
One advantage of solar energy is that it will never run out.
太阳能的一个优点是永远也不会枯竭。
The truth is that he didn’t really try. 实际情况是他没有真正努力。
The problem is who is to pay and when we can start.
问题是谁来付帐、我们又何时开始。
The fact is that he didn’t notice the car until too late.
事实是他注意到车时已经太晚了。
What surprised me was that he spoke English so well.
使我感到吃惊的是他英语讲得那么好。
All I can say is that I have nothing to do with it.
我能说的就是我与此事没有关系。
What I want to know is where we shall go and whether she will join us. 我想知道的是我们要去什么地方以及她是否加入我们。
此外，表语从句还可由as if （好像）引导。
It looked as if it was/were going to rain. （虚拟语气）
Now let’s do some translation:
这就是她昨天请一天假的原因。
That is why she had a day off yesterday.
我的想法是，个人的权利应该得到充分尊重。
My idea is that individual rights should be fully respected.
问题在于上帝是否真的存在。
The question is whether the God really exists.
我想知道的是，他是如何在这么短的时间内完成这个项目的。
What I want to know is how he managed to complete the project in such a short time.
一、名词性从句连接词的选用：
⒈ if 和whether:
whether 和if在引导宾语从句时，意思是“是否”，这时if并没有“假设，如果”的意思；引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及介词后之宾语从句，不能用if, 只能用whether；多数情况下引导动词之宾语从句可用if 或 whether； whether引导的从句中可以有or not， if 引导的从句一般没有or not。
（2011?山东卷）33．We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know____ she’ll accept it．【C】
A．where B．whatC．whetherD．which
（2011?重庆卷）22．It is still under discussion _______the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not．【A】
A．Whether B．when C．which D．where
⒉ that 和what：
that 和what都可引导主 语从句、宾语从句、表语从句（what通常不引导同位语从句，而that则可以）。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句中的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
（2011?天津卷）13．Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases．【C】
A．what B．which C．that D．where
（2011?江西卷）26．The villagers have already known _____ we will do is to rebuild the bridge．【C】
A．this B．that C．what D．which
⒊ 其他连接代词和副词的选用：
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义，正确地选择who, which, when, where, why, how等连接词。这些连接词即有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分，其区别从词义上是显而易见的。whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引导名词性从句，其意分别为“所…的一切事或东西”、“任何…的人”、““…的任可人或物”等。如：
Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要这书都可拿去。
I’ll do whatever I can to help him. 我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。
Buy whichever is cheapest. 买最便宜的。
注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子：
任何人来都欢迎。
误：Who comes will be welcome. / Anyone comes will be welcome
正：Whoever comes will be welcome. / Anyone who comes will be welcome.
另外，它们也可引导让步状语从句，其意为“无论…”、“不管…”，其意相当于 no matter who [what, which]。如：
Whatever happens, you must be calm. 不管发生什么情况，你都必须镇静。(whatever = no matter what)
He won't eat you, whoever he is. 不管他是谁，他也不能把你吃掉。(whoever = no matter who)
注：whoever 既用作主格也用作宾语；作宾语时不宜用 whomever，因为在现代英语中 whomever 这个已几乎废弃不用。
（2011?山东卷）26．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______he never finishing anything．【D】
A．that B．when C．where D．why
（2010浙江）―How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
―OK, you want. 【C】
A．whichever B．however C．whateverD．whoever
（2010上海）37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .【B】
A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
4. why 与 because 的用法区别。两者均可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调的原因。如：
I had a cold. That’s why I didn't come. 我感冒了，因此我没来。
I didn’t come. That’s because I had a cold. 我没有来，那是因为我感冒了。
5. 引导词that的省略
主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、用it作形式宾语的宾语从句及并列宾语从句中的后几个从句，that都不能省略。只有单个宾语从句中的 that 可以省略。
（2010上海）36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.【A】
A. that B. how C. what D. why
（10北京）32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 【B】
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
二、名词性从句的语序
名词性从句的语序要用陈述句语序，而不要使用一般疑问句的语序
（2010湖北）74. The news ________（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)
答案：that the housing price will fall
三、同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。如果定语从句是用that引导，that在从句中不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分；同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体、实际内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，无具体词义，且不可省略。
（2011?辽宁卷）32．When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army．【C】 （同位语从句）
A．since B．which C．that D．because
（2011?山东卷）32．The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other．【D】）（定语从句）
A．they B．where C．what D．that
四、名词性从句在固定搭配、固定句型中的用法
1、由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句句型有四种：
It + be + adj.(strange/ natural/ surprising/ obvious/ true/ fortunate/ wonderful/ funny/ possible/ impossible/ likely/ unlikely/ clear/ unusual/ certain/ important) + that …
It + be + no wonder/ a pity/ a shame/ a fact/ an honor/ good news + that…
It + be + said/ reported/ believed/ understood + that…
It + seems/happens/appears/doesn’t matter/makes no difference + that…
（2011?湖南卷）31 Before the problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself is． 【A】
A．what B．that C．which D．why
（2010浙江）It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A．that B．what C．how D．whether
2、have/ take/ put/ like + it + that-从句
Enjoy/ hate/ love/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/ prefer + it + when (if)-从句
see to/ look to/ insist on/ stick to/ depend on/ answer for + it + that-从句
take it for granted/ bring it to sb’s attention/ owe it to sb + that-从句
3、there is no doubt that ….毫无疑问….
There is no denying that …不能否认….
There is no/a possibility that… …没可能/有可能
There is a chance that …可能…
【高考真题剖析】
（2011?北京卷）22． Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness．
A．Which B．What C． That D．Whom
答案【B】考查名词性从句。Offer sth to sb，offers后无宾语所以选择B。
（2011?陕西卷）15．I’d like to start my own business ?that’s I’d do if I had the money．
A．why B．when C．which D．what
答案【D】考查名词性从句。表语从句中do后缺少宾语所以选择D。
（10江苏）35. ―I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
―That’s ____ I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.
A. where B. how C. when D. what
答案【A】考查名词性从句、。 这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句.
【真题练习】
（09安徽）1. a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.
A. It has B. They have
C. It remains D. There remains
【答案】D
（09湖南）2．She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
A. whichever B. however
C. whatever D. whoever
【答案】C 名词性从句的引导词。句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵，我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。
（09江西）3. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which C. tha t D. though
【答案】C 间隔式同位语从句的用法。即先行词是the fact 和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。
（09海南）4. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?
A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever
【答案】C whoever既作了 to 的宾语，又作is in charge of International Sales please?的主语。“whoever”作代词，／any person who／the person who／“任何人”、“无论谁”、“……的人”。
（09陕西）5. The how to book can be of help to wants to do the job.
A. who B. whomever
C. no matter who D. whoever
【答案】D 此处从做介词to的宾语，是名词性从句，引导词做从句的主语，指人，意思是：无论是谁，选D
（09海南）6. One of the most important questions they had to co nsider was of public health
A. what B. this C. that D. which
【答案】C 句意为：他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查that作代词，that 作代词，往往用于特指，相当于“that＋名词”，它 也只能代替事情不能代替人。
（09上海）7. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A. what B. which C. that D. how
【答案】B
（09四川）8. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
【答案】C 在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news的内容，由于该题把同位语从句后置了，所以很多考生由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了D项。
（09天津）9. It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.
A . as B. which C. whether D. that
【答案】D
（09浙江）10．－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?
－No problem.
A.WhenB. that C. whetherD. what
【答案】B
（09重庆）11 We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A. that B. when
C. which D. where
【答案】A
（09江苏）12.Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life’s most important decision―marriage―almost entirely up to luck.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
【答案】D
（09山东）13. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother.
A. where B. what C. how D. who
【答案】A remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知，从句缺地点状语，所以选A。
（10福建）35. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have here and treat food nicely.
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
35. 答案：C
考点：宾语从句
解析：空格在句中充当宾语
（10湖南）35. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.
A. where B. whetherC. that D. why
35. 答案D
考点：考查名词性从句。
解析：该空引导宾语从句，根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。
（10天津）14. As a new graduate, he doesn’ t know it takes to start a business here.
A. how B. what C. When D. which
答案： B.
考点：考查名词性从句。
句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。
解析：空格后的从句中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。
主语从句
（??北京）
33. some people regard as a drawbac k is seen as a plus by many others.
A. Whether B. What C. That D. How
33.答案：B
考点: 本题考查主语从句。
句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。
解析：从句中缺宾语，只能用B. what来引导. C.中的That引导主语从句不做成分。
（10浙江）―How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
―OK, you want.
A．whichever B．however
C．whateverD．whoever
答案：C
考点：本题考查引导词。
解析：句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。
9．It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. [来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]
A．that B．what
C．how D．whether
答案：B
考点：本题考查主语从句的引导词。
解析：根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物，但是，它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是“副作用”，还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故选择what，形容词“什么样的”，起修饰作用。
（10上海）36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
A. that B. how C. what D. why
答案：A
考点：此处考查的是表语从句。
解析：考察that引导表语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。
（10湖北）74. The news ________（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)
74. 答案：that the housing price will fall
考点：同位语从句
解析：用 “that” 引导同位语从句，“房价”译成 “housing price”。
（10山东）26. Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.
A. why B. what C. how D. which
答案:B
考点：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。
解析：句意应为“在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。”分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。
（10上海）37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .
A. he is entering which lane
B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane
D. which lane is he entering
答案：B
考点：本题考查宾语从句。
解析：which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。
（10四川）14．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives
A．what B．who C．how D．why
答案：B
考点：考查介词后的宾语从句。
解析：根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去， 故选B。句意为“一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”
（10全国Ⅰ）33. We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.
A. that B. which C. what D. where
33题 答案：D
句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。
解答：根据选项此题考察从句。题干中空格划在动词discuss的后面，因此考察宾语从句，根据句意在宾语从句中缺少地点状语，因此选择D。
（10湖北）31. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.
A. who B. where C. what D. how
31. 答案：C
考点: 宾语从句
解析：我想别人喜欢我是因为我的内在。也就是我inside的品质。只有what可以指代是什么。很多同学误选A，错误的用中文语言习惯去做英文题。
（10全国Ⅱ）10.―Have you finished the book?
---No,I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.
A.which B.what C.hat D.where
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句。Up to为介词结构，后接宾语从句从句；而句意是“读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”，故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。
（10江苏）35. ―I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
―That’s_______I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.
A.where B.how C.when D.what
选A. 这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句.
（10北京）32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
32.答案：B
考点:本题考查表语从句。
解析：从句不缺成分，因此 用that来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。
（2011?天津卷）13．Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases．【C】
A．what B．which C．that D．where
（2011?江西卷）26．The villagers have already known _____ we will do is to rebuild the bridge．【C】
A．this B．that C．what D．which
（2011?四川卷）10．Our teachers always tell us to believes in we do and who we are if we want to succeed．【C】
A．why B．how C．what D．which
（2011?北京卷）31．The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face．【A】
A．what B．how C．that D．why
（2011?北京卷）22． Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness．【B】
A．Which B．What C．That D．Whom
（2011?陕西卷）15．I’d like to start my own business ?that’s I’d do if I had the money． 【D】
A．why B．when C．which D．what
（2011?辽宁卷）32．When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army．【C】
A．since B．which C．that D．because
（2011?江苏卷）26．It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner．【D】
A．that B．howC．when D．why
（2011?湖南卷）31 Before the problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______the problem itself is． 【A】
A．what B．that C．which D．why
（2011?安徽卷）33．His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express．【D】
A．that B．howC．who D．what
（2011?山东卷）26．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______he never finishing anything．【D】
A．that B．when C．where D．why
（2011?山东卷）33．We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it．【C】
A．whereB．what C．whetherD．which
（2011?重庆卷）34．It is not always easy for the public to see _______ use a new invention can be of to human life．【B】
A．whose B．what[来源:Zxxk.Com]
C．which D．that
（2011?重庆卷）22．It is still under discussion __________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not．【A】
A．Whether B．when
C．which D．where
巩固练习：
1. We should think carefully about ______ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.
A. that B. what C. which D. /
2. ______ you have s een things like these before doesn’t matter.
A. If B. Whether C. What D. When
3. She took it for granted ______ I’d be back home an hour ago.
A. that B. whether C. if D. when
4. At that time I had no idea ______ I cou ld hand it to him without being seen.
A. if B. how C. which D. that how
5. Last Sunday he promised ______ today, but he hasn’t appeared yet.
A. that he would come B. that he will come
C. he will come to see me D . whether he would come
6. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn’t arrive by daylight.
A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for
7. Father made a promise ______ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.
A. that B. if C. whether D. that if
8. ______ is the most useful invention?
A. Do you think which of these B. Which of these do you think
C. Which of these you think D. You think which of these
9. ---I believe ______ you’ve done your best and ______ things will improve.
---Thank you.
A. that; / B. /; / C. what; that D. /; that
10. It depends on ______ we have enough time.
A. if B. if or not C. that D. whether
11. You will realiz e ______ breaks the law will be punish ed.
A. that those who B. that those that
C. whoever D. those whoever
12. I don’t doubt ______ he will come.
A. that B. if C. what D. whether
13. When and why he came here ______ yet.
A. is not known B. are not known
C. has not known D. have not been known
14. The city is no l onger ______.
A. what it is B. that it used to be
C. which it was D. what it used to be
15. ______ was the idea ______ the wife thought of ?
A. What; that B. That; what
C. How; why D. Why; how
16. One of the men held the view ______ the book said was right.
A. what that B. that what
C. that which D. which that
17. ______ you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
18. ______ he really means is ______ he disagrees with us.
A. What; that B. That; what
C. Why; that D. If; what
19. --- Don’t you believe me?
---______. I’ll believe ______ you say.
A. No; whatever B. Yes; no matter what
C. Yes; whatever D. No; no matter what
20. Lei Feng was always thinking of ______ he could help others.
A. that B. how C. when D. which
21. Can you tell me ______?
A. who is that woman B. who the woman is C. whom is the woman D. that woman is
22. Output is now six times ______ it was before liberation.
A. that B. which C. what D. those
23. After months of research there was little hope ______ the lost car might be found.
A. that B. which C. when D. how
名词性从句：BBABABDBDDCAADABCACBBCA
1. _________they have won the game made us excited.
A./ B.That C.What D.Where
2. ________I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.
A.If B.Whether C.Even if D.When
3. _________he says in his report is a very interesting question.
A.What all B.All what C.What D.What that
4. When they will start________not been decided.
A.have B.is C.does D.has
5. _______certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.
A.That is B.This is C.It is D.It has
6. ________is unknown to us all.
A.Where did she put it B.Where she put it
C.That where she put it D.In which she put it
7. ________nothing to do with us.
A.What she did have B.What she did is
C.What did he do has D.What she has done has
8. The trouble is________we are short of hands.
A.what B.that C.how D.which
9. Energy is_________makes things work.
A.what B.everything C.something D.that
10. My hometown is not________it used to_______ten years ago.
A.when, do B.what, do C.what, be D.when, be
11. The rea son_______I have to go is _______my mother is ill in bed.
A.why, why B.why, because C.why, that D.that, because
12. The thought________he might fail in the exam worried him.
A.which B.that C.when D.so that
13. That is________ I lost my pen.
A.when B.where C.that D.what
14. Have you any idea_______?
A.how fast does light travel B.how quick light travels
C.how soon light travels D.how fast light travels
15.His suggestion_______to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.
A.that we go B.which we should go
C.that we would go D.we would go
16.He was interested in________he had seen at the exhibition.
A.which B.that C.all what D.all that
17.He often thinks of________he can do more for his country.
A.what B.how C.that D.which
18.He made_________quite clear that he wouldn't change his mind.
A.this B.that C.it D.what
19.I don't know_________.
A.what was the matter outside B.what the matter outside was
C.what was outside the matter D.what was happened outside
20.He has come , but I didn't know that he________until yesterday.
A.is coming B.will come C.was coming D.wasn't coming
21.He ran back into the room to see if he________anything behind.
A.has forgotten B.had forgotten C.has left D.had left
22.They want to know_________do to help us.
A.what can they B.what they can
C.how they can D.how can they
23.Do you know________brighter than the moon?
A.why the sun look B.why the sun looks
C.why does the sun look D.why is the sun look
24.Can you tell me_______the railway station?
A.how I can get to B.where I can get to
C.how can I get to D.where can I get to
25.These photographs will show you________.
A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like
C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like
26.Can you make sure________the gold ring?
A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put
C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put
27.No one can be sure_________in a million years
A.what man will look like B.what will man look like
C.man will look like what D.what look will man like
28.He asked________for the violin.
A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much
C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid
29.I remember_________this used to be quiet village
A.when B.how C.where D.what
30.----Do you remember_________he came?
----Yes, I do, he came by car.
A.how B.when C.that D.if
31.________the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That
32.It worried her a big_________her hair was turning grey.
A.while B.that C.if D.for
33.________he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter
34.They have to no idea at all_________.
A.where he has gone B.where did he go
C.which place has he gone D.how busy we were
35.You have no idea___________those days.
A.that we were how busy B.how busy were we
C.that how we were busy D.how busy we were
36.I don't know___________.
A.what was the matter outside B.what the matter outside was
C.what was outside the matter D.what was happened outside
37.You can leave the note______you meet in my office.
A.who B.whoever C.to who D.with whomever
38.______a computer works is a question that______can understand.
A.What;none B.How;no one
C.What;nobody D.How; not everyone
39.Go and get your coat.It’s______you left it.
A.there B.where C.there where D.where there
40.It worried a bit______her hair was turning grey.
A.while B.that C.if D.for
答案：1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A10.C 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.D 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.C 21.D 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.B 26.C 27.A 28.D 29.A 30.A 31.C 32.B 33.A 34.A 35.D 36.A 37.D 38.D 39.B 40.B
