动词的时态和语态
【2012年高考命题预测】
毫无疑问，动词的时态和语态是是高中英语的重要语法点，更是历年高考的考查热点。同学们在复习这一语言点时应注意：1、考纲要求的动词的时态和语态的基本用法；2、易混时态用法比较；3、根据固定时间状语、固定句型确定时态的情况；4、主动形式表被动意义的情况；5、不用被动语态的情况。通过分析近年的全国高考试题可以预测2012年高考对动词的时态和语态的考查依然会注重在具体语境中考查动词的时态和语态的运用。
【重难点突破】
【概述】英语动词时态变化从时间上可划分为“现在时”，“过去时”，“将来时”和“过去将来时”四大类，每类又包括“一般式”、“进行式”、“完成式”和“完成进行式”四式，共十六种时态形式。其中常用的有十种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时等十种。
英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
几种基本事态的基本用法
⒈一般现在时： 构成：主语+ 动词原形或第三人称单数形式
用法：
1）、经常性或习惯性的动作，常与usually, always, sometimes, every day, frequently等一起使用。
He always help others in his spare time.
2）、现在存在的状态或具有的特征
China is a great socialist country.
3）、客观规律、正确事实或科学真理、格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在
（10上海）28. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had
4）、表示安排或计划要做的动作（句中常有表示未来时间的状语），主要用于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, open, close等瞬间动词。
The plane takes off at seven o’clock this morning.
5）、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作常用一般现在时
I am afraid you must inform him of the meeting , in case he comes late for the meeting．
一When shall we restart our business?
一Not until we our plan．
A．will finish B．are finishing
C．are to finish D．have finished
6）、在here, there引导的句子中，常用一般现在时代替现在进行时
Here comes the bus！=The bus is coming！
⒉ 一般过去时： 构成：主语+ 动词的过去式
用法：
1）、表示过去某时间发生的事或存在的状态，常与yesterday, the other day, last…, …ago等时间状语连用。
（2011湖南卷）27．In 1942, Columbus_______ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India．
A．lands B．landed C．has landed D．．had landed
2）、表示过去发生的一连串动作
The professor put one finger in his mouth, tasted it, and smiled with satisfaction.
教授把一根手指头伸进嘴里，尝了尝，满意地笑了。
3）、在时间、条件等状语从句中用一般过去时表示将来的动作
He said he would let us know if he got any news.
4）、用于“It + 时间 + since 引导的状语从句（一般过去时）”
当since引导的状语从句中，谓语动词是非延续性动词的过去式时，意为：自…以来…时间了”；当since引导的状语从句中，谓语动词是延续性动词过去式时，意为：自…不…以来，…已经…时间了。
（2011湖南卷）30．It is the most instructive lecture that I ________since I came to this school．
A．attended B．had attended C．am attending D．have attended
⒊ 一般将来时 构成：主语 + shall/will + 动词原形
用法：
1）、表示将来发生的行为或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, some day, next…, from now on, in the future, in…等时间状语连用。
She will be back in a few minutes.
2）、表示一种倾向。
Crops will die without water.
3）、祈使句或名词短语 + and/or +主语+will do…
Follow your teacher，and you will make progress.
4）、won’t 可表示“不能”，“没法”
The door won’t shut. Please have it repaired.
5）、几种将来时态的表达方式：
⑴、be going to do sth. 表打算；（客观迹象）预示
Look at the clouds,it is going to rain.
⑵、be to do sth.表示按计划安排要发生的事情或注定要发生的事.
The line is to be opened to traffic next year.
⑶、be about to do sth. “即将或正要去做…”，常不与具体的时间副词连用。
He is about to cross the road when he sees an old friend of his.
⑷、be doing 指最近按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于go, start, set out, leave, arrive, come, return等动词
We are going to Wuhan this summer.
⑸、一般现在时表将来，（常用于go, come, start, set out, arrive等动词），表示早已计划好，到时一定发生的事，也可表示按时间进程或时间表的安排，到时一定要发生的事
The train starts at five o’clock.
6）、将来时间表达法的用法比较：
⑴、will 和be going to：
这两个结构都可表示“意图”，常可互换。如果是事先考虑过的，即说话之前已经考虑过的，常用be going to 表示；如果不是事先考虑过的，即说话时刻才考虑到的，要用will表示。
另外，be going to还可表示具备已有迹象表明将发生某事，体现进程已经开始，事情即将发生。
⑵、be going to 和 be to ：
两者都可用于表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，即人们意志所能控制的动作。
对于不受人们意志控制的将来动作，也就是非人们主观所能安排的将来动作，只能用be going to 表示，不能用be to.
⒋ 过去将来时：构成：主语+ would +动词原形
用法：
这个时态主要表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情，它是一种相应的时态，总是同某一过去的时间或过去的动作相对应而存在，常用在宾语从句和间接引语中。
（2011上海卷） 34．Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition?
A．would signB．signedC．have signedD．had signed
⒌ 现在进行时： 构成：主语+ am/is/are + 动词的现在分词
用法：
1）、说话时正在进行或发生的动作
（2011?湖南卷）22．----Joan, what______in your hand?
-----Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma．
A．had you held B．are you holding
C．do you hold D．will you hold
（2011辽宁卷）28．I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I _____．
A．was doing B．am doing C．have done D．had been doing
（2011重庆卷）21．That price of music sounds quite familiar．Who _________the piano upstairs?
A．has played B．played C．plays D．is playing
2）、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时动作不一定正在进行）
（2011江苏卷）21．―I hear you ______ in a pub．What’s it like?
―Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind．
A．are working B．will work C．were working D．will be working
3）、表说话人对主语的行为表赞叹、厌恶等情绪，常与always, constantly, forever, repeatedly 等词连用
He is constantly leaving things about.
4）、最近计划或安排要进行的动作，常用于go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, meet, play等词。
I am starting this project next tuseday.
⒍ 过去进行时： 构成：主语+was/were +动词的现在分词
用法：
1）、过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作或从过去某时刻到某时刻正在进行的动作。
（2011浙江卷）15．The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant ______ in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly．
A．gave B．gives C．was giving D．had given
I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold
2)、和现在进行时一样，过去进行时可与always, forever, constantly等词连用，表示说话人的情绪
She was forever complaining.
3)、过去进行时表示对于过去某时间来说将要发生的事情
She asked me if you were going to Qingdao.
、描写故事的背景
It was winter. The north wind was blowing hard and a heavy snow was falling. A poor girl was walking in the street.冬天，北风刮着，下着大雪，一个可怜的小女孩走在大街上。
⒎ 现在完成时： 构成：主语+ have/has + 动词的过去分词
用法：
1）、过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，句中常有already, just, never, ever, lately, recently, , in the past+一段时间，so far等状语
（2011天津卷）3．In the last few years thousands of films __________ allover the word．
A．have produced B．have been produced
C．are producing D．are being produced
Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved
2）、从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态
（10天津）4. We on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
3）、用在时间、条件从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作之前完成
一When shall we restart our business?
一Not until we our plan．
A．will finish B．are finishing C．are to finish D．have finished
4）、“最高级+名词”或“It is the + 序数词+ time” 后的定语从句中。
（2011湖南卷）30．It is the most instructive lecture that I ________since I came to this school．
A．attended B．had attended C．am attending D．have attended
5）、应用现在完成时应注意：
瞬间动词用于完成时表示一个动作的结束，不能和 “for…”或 “since…”连用，但它们的否定形式可以连用。如：
We have not heard from him for ten days.我们已经十天没他的消息了。
另外，如果把瞬间动词转变成相应的持续动词，就可和 “for…”或 “since…”连用。
die → be dead leave/go → be away join → be in begin → be on fall ill →be ill finish → be over make friends → be friends return → be back borrow → keep come → be buy → have marry → be married
⒏ 现在完成进行时：构成：主语+ have/has + been +动词的现在分词
用法：
表示动作从过去一个时间开始，一直延续到现在，强调在此阶段时间里，动作一直在进行。
⑴、过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作
⑵、过去开始，现在刚刚停止的动作
⑶、现在看到其直接结果的动作
（2011北京卷）23．Tom __________ in the library every night over the last three months．
A．worksB．worked
C．has been workingD．had been working
（2010江西）30 Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she ______ since her marriage to Father.
A shoulders B shouldered
C is shouldering D has been shouldering
(2010陕西）21. I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately.
A.have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough
. ----We’ve spent too much money recently.
----well, it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives __around all the time
A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming
I'm tired out. . I all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped
C. had shopped D. have been shopping
（2010天津）4. We on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
（10江苏）23. ―why, Jack, you look so tired!
―Well, I ____the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting B. will be painting
C. have painted D. have been painting
⒐ 过去完成时： 构成：主语+ had + 动词的过去分词
用法：
1)、表示过去某时间或动作之前已发生或完成的动作。
（2011?北京卷）21．Experiments of this kind in both the U．S．and Europe well before the Second World War．
A．have conducted B．have been conducted
C．had conducted D．had been conducted
（2011?四川卷）19．―What a mistake!
―Yes．I his doing it another way, but without success．A．was suggesting B．will suggest
C．would suggest D．had suggested
（2011?山东卷）35．She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything!
A．had been eating B．had eaten
C．have eaten D．have been eating
（2011?福建卷）32．Last month,the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they From China．
A．receive B．are receiving
C．have received D．had received
（2010安徽）28. ----Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
----No, I _______the book, so I already knew the story?
A. was reading B. had read
C. am reading D. have read
It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me.
A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing
2）、表示从过去某时间开始，持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，往往和for, since引导的短语或从句连用。
（2011?辽宁卷）34．By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college．
A．graduated B．has graduated
C．had been D．had graduated
3）、用于句型：It was the +序数词+ time that…
该句型表示到“was”时已是第几次做某事，即在“was”前已做过某事几次，因此该句在时间上体现“过去的过去”，所以应用过去完成时。
4）、用于句型：It was + 时间段+ since…
该句型表示到自从做某事以来已有多长时间，即在这个（过去）时间段之前已做某事，因此该句型在时间上体现“过去的过去”， 应用过去完成时。
They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years sin ce I had enjoyed a good drink.
5）、过去没有实现的想法、希望和打算，即“本打算”
We had intended to see you, but we weren’t free.
6）、用于句型：hardly/scarecely…when(before)…, 及no sooner…than… “一…就…”
Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang.
⒑ 将来完成时： 构成：主语 + shall/will + have +动词的过去分词
用法：表示未来某一时间之前将完成的动作。
（2011?江苏卷）23．-----Tommy is planning to buy a car．
----I know ．By next month ,he__enough for a used one．
A．saves B . saved C．will save D．will have saved
⒒将来进行时：构成：主语 + will + be + 动词的现在分词
用法：
⑴、表示在将来某时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作
⑵、有时可表示预计即将发生或势必要发生的动作
. ?Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
--How nice! You a different culture then.
A. will be experiencing B. have experienced
C. have been experiencingD. will have experienced
几种易混时态的对比
1、一般现在时与现在进行时：
⑴、一般现在时主要用于习惯性或经常性做的事，常拌随使用频度副词usually, often, seldom等；现在进行时主要用于表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或状态，常跟时间状语now, at present等。
He usually writes a lot of letters, but he isn’t writing at present.
他经常写许多信，但他现在没有写信。
⑵、表示客观事实或普遍真理时，要用一般现在时，不能用现在进行时。
The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
⑶、“感觉” 或 “短暂”动词，通常用一般现在时，不用现在进行时。
如：知觉动词：see, hear, taste, smell 等；意识状态的动词：know, believe, like, hate, understand等
I smell burning. 我嗅到烧着的味。
He knows German best. 他很熟悉德语。
2、一般过去时与过去进行时：
⑴、一般过去时可表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时表示正在进行的动作。
I was reading a novel last night. 昨晚我在看小说（可能没看完）。
I read a novel last night. 我昨晚看了一本小说（已经看完了）。
⑵、一般过去时可用于一个单纯动作，过去进行时可用于过去一段时间反复做的动作。
Did he ask questions? 他提问题了吗？
He was asking questions the whole time. 他始终在提问题。
⑶、一般过去时表示过去某个时刻发生的动作（侧重在说明事实），过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作（强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景）
He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午画了一张画（昨天下午他做了这么一件事）。
He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午在画画（昨天下午他一直在画画，没干别的事）。
⑷、过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，一般过去时表示当时临时发生的短暂性动作
When I was pouring the tea, I dropped a cup.
我在倒茶的时候，失手打了一个茶杯。
3、现在完成时与一般过去时：
⑴、两者都表示在过去做的动作。但现在完成时表示过去动作与现在的关系，主要说明现在的情况；一般过去时强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。
They’ve gone to Paris.
他们到巴黎去了（说明他们现在去巴黎了，不在这里）。
They went to Paris.
他们去过巴黎（只说明去过，不表明是否现在仍在那里）。
I haven’t seen him since last week.
我从上周就一直没见过他（现在仍未见到）。
I didn’t see him last week.
我上周没看到他（只说明上周末见，不说明现在）。
⑵、现在完成时表示从过去发生到现在一段时间内的任何时间，可与today, this week, since等表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用，但不能和表示过去时间的状语连用；一般过去时表示的是过去某一特定时间，或与现在无关的某一过去时间。
I haven’t seen the film yet. 我还没看过这部影片（到目前为止）。
I saw it the day before yesterday.
我前天看的这部电影（表明看电影的时间是在前天）。
4、过去完成时与一般过去时：
⑴、过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成的动作，在句中一般有另一过去时间或动作与它比较，它是一个相对的时态，表示的是过去的过去，只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它；一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的一个动作。
She had learned some English before she came to our school.
她来我们学校以前学过一些英语（come to our school是过去发生的一个动作，learn English是come to our school以前的情况）。
We had had breakfast when she came.
她来时，我们已经吃过早饭了（come 是过去发生的一个动作，have breakfast是发生在come之前的事情）。
⑵、如果主句所表示的动作发生在时间状语从句所表示的动作之前，在状语从句中用一般过去时，在主句中就要用过去完成时。反之，如果时间状语从句所表示的动作发生在主句所表示的动作之前，则在从句中用过去完成时，主句就用一般过去时。
When I had written the letter, I went at once to post it.
我写好了信，马上就寄出去。
⑶、在以连词 after和before指明两个过去动作的时间先后关系时，after和before引导的状语从句中可用过去完成时，也可用一般过去时。如：
Mary left the room after she had turned off (或turned off) the light.
玛丽关灯以后离开了房间。
Before he came to college, he served (或had served ) in the army.
他来上大学以前曾在部队服役。
5、现在完成时与过去完成时：
现在完成时表示对“现在”来说，过去发生或完成的动作或存在过的状态对现在产生的影响或其结果依然存在。而过去完成时，则是对“过去”来说，以前发生过或完成了的动作或存在过的状态对其产生的影响或它的结果依然存在。
We haven’t heard from him for quite a long time.
我们很久没收到他的信了（到现在我们都没收到他的信）。
T hey had known each other for about a year before they got married.
他们结婚以前彼此相识约一年之久（相识一年是指他们在结婚以前，而不是指现在）。
6、一般将来时与过去将来时：
一般将来时表示对“现在时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态；而过去将来时表示对“过去时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态。
She is sixteen, who will be seventeen next year.
她十六岁，明年将十七岁。
She said that she would be seventeen the next year.
她说她次年将十七岁。
7、一般将来时与将来进行时的用法比较：
⑴、Will you do sth.?
可以表示邀请，或表达一个有礼貌的请求或表达一项命令，而将来进行时没有这些意义。如：
Will you help me with the box?
请你帮我搬一下这个箱子好吗 （表示一种请求）？
Will you be waiting here?
你会在这里等吗 （一个关于将来动作的问话）？
⑵、一般将来时表示一个带有主观意图的将来动作，将来进行时表达不带意图的将来动作
I’ll write to him and tell him about it.
我要给他写封信，告诉他这件事 （表达个人意愿）。
We’ll be needing more and more machine.
我们将需要越来越多的机器（客观上将势必需要）。
8、现在完成进行时与现在完成时：
⑴现在完成时表示过去开始的一个动作到目前为止已经完成；现在完成进行时表示动作仍继续。
I’ve read The Red Sun.我已经看过《红日》了（已经完成）。
I have been reading The Red Sun these days.
这些天我一直在看《红日》（仍在继续）。
⑵、现在完成时强调过去动作的现在结果；现在完成进行时如表示刚结束的动作时则强调不久前持续的动作。
I have written him a letter.
我给他写了一封信（到现在为止已经写完了）。
I have been writing a letter since three o’clock.
我从三点以来一直在写信（强调一直在写，不表明是否写完）。
⑶、现在完成进行时可以和一个时间短语连用，也可以没有时间短语。这样用时，它有别于现在完成时，现在完成时只有增加for, since或never等时间短语，才能表达这种持续的动作。
I have been practicing the piano. 我一直在练弹钢琴。
I have lived here for five years.
我在这里住了五年了（不能说I have lived here.）。
⑷、现在完成进行时一般不适用于状态动词，要表示状态动词的“仍在继续”用法，只能用现在完成时。
I have known him since children.
我从小就认识他（不能用现在完成进行时）。
主动形式表被动意义的情况
(1)、某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动，因为连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式：
That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。
Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。
My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证实是错的。
(2)、当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义：
The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。
The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。
【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用，注意它与用被动语态含义不同：
The window won’t shut.
这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性――窗户有问题了)
The window won’t be shut.
这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题，只是不用关)
有时可能用主动和被动形式均可，只是强调重点稍有不同：
Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者)
The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者)
(3)、当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：
The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。
The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。
This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切，太软了。
This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。
【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用，并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态，只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性，用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作)：
The sentences read clearly.
这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义)
The sentences are read clearly.
这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好)
另外，以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态：
The vegetables are cooking. 蔬菜正在煮着。
Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何?
(4)、某些表示开始和结束的动词(begin, start, finish, end等)，当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时，可用主动形式表示被动意义：
When does the concert begin? 音乐会什么时候开始？
The play ended at ten o’clock. 戏10点钟结束。[来源:学科网]
(5)、有的动词本身含有被动意味，通常用主动形式来表示被动含义：
Where is the new film showing? 这部新电影在哪里放映?
My skirt caught on a nail. 我的裙子被钉子钩住了。
Soon the house filled with people. 很快房子就挤满了人。
（6）、某些动词、短语和句型中：
如：last, happen, take place, break out, belong to, need/want/require doing sth., be worth doing, be to blame等
Great changes have taken place in my hometown.
我的家乡已发生了巨大的变化。
It is known that Taiwan belongs to China.众所周知，台湾属于中国。
被动结构表示主动含义：
如：get married 结婚，be addicted to sth.沉溺于，be seated 坐着，be lost in thought沉思着，be devoted to sth.投身于，专注于，be interested in sth.对某事物感兴趣，be surprised 感到吃惊。
【高考真题剖析】
（10上海）31. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A. has restored B. has been restored
C. is restoring D. is being restored
答案：【D】 本题考查被动语态。Restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D.
（10湖南）24. This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year.
A. was named B. named C. is named D. names
答案：【A】考查动词时态和语态。根据主语“This coastal area”与name之间的被动关系排除B、D两项。根据句中的last year判断用一般过去时，故选A项。
（2011?天津卷）3．In the last few years thousands of films allover the word．
A．have produced B．have been produced
C．are producing D．are being produced
答案【B】考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语In the last few years应该选用现在完成时，又因为thousands of films与produce之间是被动关系，所以选择B.
（2011?湖南卷）27 In 1942 ，Columbus_____ on the of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India．
A．lands B．landedC．has landed D．had landed
答案【B】考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语In 1942，所以选择B。
（2011?湖南卷）34 In the near future, more advances in the robot technology __ by scientists．
A．are making B．are made C．will make D．will be made
答案【D】考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语In the near future，主语more advances与动词make之间是动宾关系，所以选择D.
（2011?安徽卷）32．―I didn’t ask for the name list．Why ___on my desk? ―I put it there just now in case you needed it．
A．does it land B．has it landed C．will it land D．had it landed 答案【B】考查动词时态和语态。根据句意，对现在造成了影响，所以选择B.
【真题练习】
（10上海）28. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had
答案：B
考点：本题考查时态。
解析：根据时间状语every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。
31. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A. has restored B. has been restored
C. is restoring D. is being restored
答案：D
考点：本题考查被动语态。
解析：Restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D.
（10福建）28. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns.
A. promisedB. were promised
C. have promisedD. have been promised
28. 答案：D
考点：现在完成时的被动语态
31. ?Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. --How nice! You a different culture then.
A. will be experiencingB. have experienced
C. have been experiencingD. will have experienced31.
答案：A
考点：考查将来进行时
解析：--猜猜看，我们已经得到了今年夏天去香港的短期签证
--太棒了，你到时候将会感受到不同的文化
（10安徽）28. ----Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
----No, I _______the book, so I already knew the story?
A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read
答案：B.
考点：本题考查时态用法。
解析：句意为“我看过书了，已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过，故用过去完成时。
34. ----We’ve spent too much money recently.
----well, it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives _______around all the time
A. are coming B. had come
C. were coming D. have been coming
答案：D.
考点：本题考查时态用法。
解析：句意为“近来我们花了太多钱了。----并不惊奇，近来朋友和亲戚总是来访。”用have been coming表示从过去到现在一直所发生的动作。
（10湖南）24. This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year.
A. was named B. named C. is named D. names
24. 答案：A
考点：考查动词时态和语态。
解析：根据主语“This coastal area”与name之间的被动关系排除B、D两项。根据句中的last year判断用一般过去时，故选A项。
27. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?
A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do
27. 答案：B
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：该空动作发生在was just going to cut之前，即表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时态。句意为：“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但（发现）有人已经将它剪切了。是你干的吗？”
31. I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold
31. 答案：B
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选B项。
34. I'm tired out. . I all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped
C. had shopped D. have been shopping
34. 答案D
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：句意为：“我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。”由语境可判断选D项。
（10江西） 30 Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she ______ since her marriage to Father.
A shoulders B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering
答案：Ｄ
考点：考察时态。
解析：在本句since 表示自从过去到现在, 所以用现在完成时, 现在完成进行时为现在完成时的一种。
（10山东）29. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.
A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid
答案: A
考点：本题考查with复合结构的用法/被动语态。
解析： with复合结构的构成是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，由于table与lay(搁放)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空格处用过去分词表示被动。
30. Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save B. saves
C. had saved D. has saved
答案:D
考点：本题考查动词时态的用法。
解析：句意应为“截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。”up to now是现在完成时态的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。
（10天津）4. We on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
答案：B.
考点：考查动词时态。
句意：我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。咱们休息一会。
解析：从句子的时间状语for four hours和后面的句子Let’s have a rest可知，动作从过去发生，到说话的时候一直在进行着，所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。
10. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.
A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting
C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited
答案：C.
考点：考查被动语态。
句意：想剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在2010上海世博会的文化展览中展出。
解析：因为2010年上海世博会现在还在进行着，所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术品也是“正在被展览”，所以用现在进行时态的的被动语态形式。
（10四川）11．In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant ．
A．to deal with B．dealing with
C．to be dealt with D．dealt with
答案：Aw
考点：考查不定式主动表被动。
解析：在某些形容词后经常用不定式的主动形式表被动，此时，不定式动作和句子的主语存在动宾关系。又如：The apartment is comfortable to live in.
16．一When shall we restart our business? w_w w. k#s5_u. c o*m
一Not until we our plan．
A．will finish B．are finishing
C．are to finish D．have finished
答案：D
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时。此处为until引导的时间状语从句，故用现在完成时，选D。意为“直到我们完成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。”
18．You’ve failed to do what you to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you．
A．will expect B．will be expected
C．expected D．were expected
答案：D m
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：句中you与expect存在被动关系，首先排除C。又有have failed提示应是过去你被期盼做的事，故应为过去时，正确答案为D。w_w 10全国Ⅰ）21. ―Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?
―No , I ______ my homework all day yesterday.
A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do
21题 答案A
句意：―你读完了Jane Eyre吗？
―没有，我昨天一直做作业。
解答：根据选项此题考察时态，此题可以根据句意解答，也可以使用排除法。A表示一段时间内持续进行且未完成的动作使用进行时。题干中有all day yesterday时间提示为过去，应该选择与过去相关的时态，排除D。B为过去将来时不符合题意，C过去完成时是过去的过去，使用过去完成时题目中需要有一般过去时，题干中没有一般过去时因此也排除。
28. When you are home , give a call to let me know you ______ safely.
A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive
28题 答案：B
句意：当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了。
解答：根据选项此题考察时态。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。 句意为“当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成，译为“已经……”。同时也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用will + do表示将来，因此A和D同时排除，C为过去完成时，使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时，过去完成时是过去的过去，因此C也排除，选择B.
32. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.
A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made
32题 答案：C
句意：在澳洲金矿的发现使千百人相信将会发财。
解答：根据选项此题考察时态和语态。make fortune译为“发财”，make在句中需要使用被动形式，因此排除B和D，题干中led提示时间为过去，因此选择C。be to do译为“将会将要”，was to be made表示过去将来。
（10江苏）23. ―why, Jack, you look so tired! w_w w. k#s5_u. c o*m
―Well, I _____the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting B. will be painting
C. have painted D. have been painting
选D。我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在，而且到明天才会完成。所以用现在完成进行时
30. ―Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
―We________ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be
选C. 考查时态题. 我们去海边发生在过去. 而我们忙于工作在此之前. 因此用过去完成时.
（??陕西）21. I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately.
A. have been coughing B. had coughed
C. coughed D. cough
A. 【解析】考查动词时态。由时间状语lately可知此处表示现阶段一直在进行的动作或存在的状态，且强调其持续性，用现在完成进行时，选A。
24. It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area.
A. are being built B. were b eing built
C. was being built D. is being built
D. 【解析】考查动词时态，语态及主谓一致。由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行，主语与所填词是被动关系；many a+名词单数做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，由此可知本题选D。
（10全国Ⅱ）9. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who ________evening dress.
A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn
答案：B
解析：考查主谓一致和时态。首先the only one of …. 为先行词时，定语从句修饰的是one，即one是主语，而非后面的复数women，根据主谓一致的原则，谓语动词应该用复数，排除A，D。另外，从“is”可以看出句子是要表示一种习惯，因此要用一般现在时，排除C，故选A
15. Linda make sure the table ________before the guests arrive
A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting
答案：C
解析：考查动词set的用法和被动语态。Set a table摆放桌子， tables为主语，故用被动结构。make sure后一般接宾语从句。
19. Excuse me I________I was blocking your way.
A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize C. haven’t realized D. wasn’t realizing
答案：A
考点：时态考查。[来源:学科网]
解析：结合语境，后文暗示过去时。
（10湖北）
78. Last night’s TV news said that by then the death of the missing people ________（未证实）yet. (prove)
78. 答案： had not been proved
考点：考查过去完成时的被动语态
（10辽宁）24. Joseph ______to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.
A．has been going B．went C．goes D．has gone
答案：A
句意：约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。
解析：考查时态。句中since last month，表示“自从上个月起”根据but后的句意，说明动作从过去发生到现在一直在进行着，所以要用现在完成进行时态。
30. I _______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.
A．will do B．do C．am doing D．had done
答案： B
句意：我为一家人做饭，但是最近我太忙不能做了。
解析：考查动词时态。第一句表示现阶段的一种状况，所以用一般现在时态。
（10北京）22. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the words .
A. are dropped B. drop
C. are being dropped D. have dropped
22. 答案：A
考点：时态和语态
解析：the "r" sounds应该使用被动。
24. --I'm not finished with my dinner yet.
--But our friends for us.
A. will wait B. wait
C. have waited D. are waiting
24. 答案：D
考点:本题也是在语境中考查学生对时态的灵活运用。
解析：第一个说话人说"我还没吃完饭呢"，而下面的人则说"但是我们的朋友们都在等我们了"根据第一个人还没进行完吃饭的动作，而第二个人又开始催促，我们得知朋友们此时正在等他们。所以用进行时are waiting更符合句意。
26. --I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
--Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make
C. don't make D. haven't made
26. 答案：D
考点: 时态
解析：上文说没听清是几号回来。而下文则说很抱歉我没说清楚。根据句意我们只能选didn't make或者haven't made. 那落在选项中我们只能选择D。A. hadn't made过去完成时表过去的过去，不符合题意。B. wouldn't make过去将来时时态不正确。C一般现在时不正确。
28. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me.
A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing
28. 答案：A
考点:本题考查过去完成时和一般过去时的区别。
解析：整个句子时态用的是一般过去时，我能够表示感谢就已经是过去，而他们对我的帮助则是过去的过去。因此选A。
（10重庆）24. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973.
A. had comeB. has comeC. cameD. comes
24. 答案C
考点：考查时态。
解析： since引导的从句作状语时，主句通常用完成时，而从句用一般过去时，所以选C项。
29. The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _______now.
A. remainsB. is remained
C. is remainingD. has been remained
29. 答案A
考点：考查时态。
解析： remain在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，整句话是对现在事实的陈述，所以用一般现在时。选 A项。
31. -----Why do you want to work for our company?[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
-----This is the job that I for.
A. lookedB. am to lookC. had lookedD. have been looking
31. 答案D
考点：考查时态。
解析：由句意：这就是我一直寻 找的工作可知用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去。
（10浙江）5．If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you fresh watermelon in the fall.
A．eat B．would eat [来源:学,科,网]
C．have eaten D．will be eating
答案D
考点：本题考查条件句的时态。
解析：根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判断这是真实的条件从句，会发生的事情，所以选择will be eating表将来。
15．For many years, people electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.
A．had dreamed ofB．have dreamed of
C．dreamed of D．dream of
答案：B
考点：本题考查时态。
解析：根据句意：许多年来，人们都一直梦想着电动汽车。然而，制造它们比想象要难得多。由此，推断此处的梦想从过去到现在，并由此延伸。目前，市场上已经有了电动汽车，所以应用现 在完成时。
（2011?天津卷）4．On the next birthday．Ann married for twenty years．【D】
A．is B．has been
C．will be D．will have been
（2011?天津卷）3．In the last few years thousands of films allover the word．【B】
A．have produced B．have been produced
C．are producing D．are being produced
（2011?江西卷）30．We arrived at work in the morning are _____ into the office during the night．【B】
A．broke B．had broken C．has broken D．was breaking
（2011?江西卷）28．We _____John’s name on the race lis t yesterday but for his recent injury【D】
A．will put B．will have putC．would put D．would have put
（2011?北京卷）27．―That must have been a long trip．
―Yeah, it us a whole week to get there．【C】
A．takes B．has taken C．took D．was taking
（2011?北京卷）21．Experiments of this kind in both the U．S．and Europe well before the Second World War．【D】
A．have conducted B．have been conducted
C．had conducted D．had been conducted
（2011?天津卷）15．I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me．【D】
A．had come B．was coming C．would come D．would have come
（2011?北京卷）32．―Bob has gone to California．
―Oh, can you tell me when he ?【B】
A．has left B．left C．is leaving D．would leave
（2011?四川卷）9．All visitors to this village _________ with kindness．【B】
A．treat B．are treated C．are treating D．had been treated
（2011?北京卷）23．Tom in the library every night over the last three months．【C】
A．works B．worked
C．have been working D．had been working
（2011?四川卷）19．―What a mistake!
―Yes．I his doing it another way, but without success．【D】
A．was suggesting B．will suggest
C．would suggest D．had suggested
（2011?全国II）9．If you don't like the drink you______ just leave it and try a different one．【A】
A．ordered B．are ordering
C．will order D．had ordered
（2011?陕西卷）12．His first novel good reviews since it came out last month． 【D】
A．receives B．is receviing
C．will receive D．has received
（2011?北京卷）30．Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help．【C】
A．studied B．would st udy
C．had studied D．was studying
（2011?辽宁卷）28．I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ．【B】
A．was doing B．am doing
C．have done D．had been doing
（2011?辽宁卷）34．By the time Jack returned home from England, his son． from college．【D】
A．graduated B．has graduated
C．had been D．had graduated
（2011?湖南卷）22．----Joan, what______in your hand?
-----Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma．【B】
A．had you held B．are you holding
C．do you hold D．will you hold
（2011?江苏卷）21------I hear you ____ in a pub ．what’s it like?
------Well ,it’s very hand work and I’m always tired , but I don’t mind．【A】
A．are workingB．will work
C．were working D．will be working
（2011?江苏卷）23．-----Tommy is planning to buy a car．
----I know ．By next month ,he __ enough for a used one．【D】
A． saves B ．saved
C．will save D．will have saved
（2011?全国新课标卷）23．Planning so far ahead no sense-so m any things will have changed by next year．【C】
A．made B．is making
C．makes D．has made
（2011?全国新课标卷）24．I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he polite．【A】
A． was just being B．will just be
C．had just been D．would just be
（2011?全国新课标卷）29．When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there．【A】
A．had been lying B．has been lying
C．was lying D．has lain
（2011?浙江卷）15．The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant _____in his place but ,luckily ,everything was going on smoothly．【C】
A．gave B．gives C．was giving D．had given
（2011?湖南卷）27 In 1942 Columbus_______ on the of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India．【B】
A．lands B．landed C．has landed D．had landed
（2011?湖南卷）30．It is the most instructive lecture that I ________since I carne to this school．【D】
A．attended B．had attended
C．am attending D．have attended
（2011?湖南卷）34 In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ______ by scientists．【D】
A．are making B．are made C．will make D．will be made
（2011?安徽卷）26．― What do you think of store shopping in the future?
―Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____．【C】
A．will never replace B．would never replace
C．will never be replaced D．would never be replaced
（2011?安徽卷）32．―I didn’t ask for the name list．Why ______on my desk? ―I put it there just now in case you needed it．【B】
A．does it landB．has it landed C．will it landD．had it landed
（2011?山东卷）31．When I got on the bus, I_____I had left my wallet at home．【B】
A．was realizingB．realized
C．have realizedD．would realize
（2011?山东卷）35．She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything!【B】
A．had been eating B．had eaten
C．have eaten D．have been eating
（2011?重庆卷）31．Look at the pride on Tom’s face．He to have been praised by the manager just now．【B】
A．seemed B．seems
C．had seemed D．is seeming
（2011?重庆卷）21．That price of music sounds quite familiar．Who _________the piano upstairs? 【D】
A．has played B．played
C．plays D．is playing
（2011?福建卷）32．Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they From China．【D】
A．receive B．are receiving
C．have received D．had received
巩固练习
1、Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Doctor Li for Beijing to join in the fight against SARS, so we only had time for a few words.
A、just left B、has just left C、is just leaving D、was just leaving
2、----If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.
----What a pity! Tina here to see you.
A、is B、was C、would be D、has been
3、He me that he here for twenty years by this year.
A、told; will teach B、tells; will have been teaching
C、told; had taught D、told; would have been teaching
4、Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People to ask ho w I am going to spend the money.
A、phone B、will phone C、were phoning D、are phoning
5、This is one of the oldest temples in China .It the 9th century.
A、is dated from B、is dated back to
C、was dated from D、dates back to
6、The new trend of the flowing army of migrant workers the attention of lawmakers and government advisers who in Beijing for their annual sessions this week.
A、caught; is gathering B、catch; have gathered
C、are catching; are gathered D、has caught; are gathering
7、The fact he didn’t recognize me means that I a lot in the past few years.
A、that; changed B、which; had changed
C、when; changed D、that; have changed
8、Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, in the clothing industry.
A、is working B、works C、work D、worked
9、----Mom, the door .My keys are locked in it again.
----You it! I told you always to carry your keys with you.
A、won’t open; have asked for B、won’t be opened
C、asked for D、can’t open; are asking for
10、Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she .
A、has done B、had done C、was doing D、is doing
11、----Why didn’t you turn up at the meeting?
----I for a long―distance call from my cousin in England.
A、waited B、had waited C、was waiting D、have been waiting
12、Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which the Pacific, and we met no storms.
A、was called B、is called
C、had been called D、has been called
13、----We that you would fix the radio this Tuesday.
----I’m awfully sorry, sir. I to do so, but you see, I’ve been too busy.
A、had expected; had meant B、expect; want
C、expected; intend D、am expecting; have intended
14、The TV play isn’t interesting enough .
A、to watch B、to watch it C、to be watched D、watching
15、----Let’s see if the baseball game has started yet.
----Started? It must be clear who by now.
A、is winning B、wins C、has won D、would win
16、----Are you still busy?
----Yes, I my work, and it won’t take long.
A、just finish B、am just finishing C、have just finished D、am just going to finish
1-----5DBDDD 6-----10DDCCC 11----16CBAAAB
1、----Hi, Tracy, you look tired.
----I am tired. I the living room all day.
A、painted B、had painted C、have been painting D、have painted
2、The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics by 2006.[来源:学科网ZXXK]
A、has been completed B、has completed
C、will have been completed D、will have completed
3、 he will return to his native land.
A、It is long before that B、It is before long that
C、It won’t be long before D、It will be before long that
4、His wife to catch the first train but she was too late.
A、hoping B、had hoped C、has hoped D、would hope
5、Tom said he to her, but he yet.
A、will write; didn’t B、has written; hasn’t
C、was going to write; wasn’t D、would write; hasn’t
6、Millions of pounds’worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.
A、has been caused B、had been caused
C、will be caused D、will have been caused
7、----What are you going to do this afternoon?
----I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film quite early, so we to the bookstore after that.
A、finished; are going B、finished; go
C、finishes; are going D、finishes; go
8、With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year.
A、is washing away B、is being washed away
C、are washing away D、are being washed away
9、----What’s wrong with your leg?
----I got injured in a car accident.
----I suppose you too fast.
A、were driving B、had driven
C、had been driving D、have driven
10、----Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
----I , but I had an unexpected visitor.
A、had B、would C、was going to D、did
11、----Hello! Fancy meeting you here!
----Hi, Elizabeth. I how to spend the morning―until I saw you.
A、was just wondering B、have wandered
C、am just wondering D、had been wondered
12、----Does Liu Hua serve in the army?
----No, but he in the army for three years.
A、served B、has served C、is serving D、would serve
13、----This returned Chinese scholar has become one of the top experts in this field.
----Yes, I know him very well. He in Africa with animals for eight years.
A、has worked B、had worked C、worked D、has been working
14、The naughty boy! He where he leaves his things.
A、always forgets B、will always forget
C、is always forgetting D、has always forgotten
15、The girl is very shy, and never speaks until to.
A、spoken B、speaking C、speak D、be spoken
1-----5CCBBD 6-----10ACDAC 11-----15AACCA
1、The price ,but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A、went down B、will go down
C、has gone down D、was going down
2、----What’s wrong with your coat?
----Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me on it.
A、sat B、had sat C、had been sitting D、was sitting
3、The country life he was used to greatly since 1992.
A、change B、has changed C、changing D、have changed
4、I don’t really work here; I until the new secretary arrives.
A、just help out B、have just helped out
C、am just helping out D、will just help out
5、Experts think we won’t have clean water to drink unless something soon, but much remains about environment protection.
A、would be done; doing B、is done; to be done
C、will be done; to do D、is done; to do
6、Although he has lived with us for years, he us much impression.
A、hadn’t left B、didn’t leave
C、doesn’t leave D、hasn’t left
7、----Do you know our town at all?
----No. This is the first time I here.
A、was B、have been C、came D、am coming
8、Rainforests and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A、being cut B、are cut C、to be cut D、are being cut
9、----I suppose Jack is late again.
----You it!
A、are guessing B、will guess C、guess D、have guessed
10、----Have you brought the camera?
----Oh, my poor memory! I before leaving home.
A、mentioned B、had been mentioned
C、have been mentioned D、have mentioned
11、----Come on, Peter, I want to show you something.
----Oh, how nice of you! I you to bring me a gift.
A、never think; are going B、never thought; were going
C、didn’t think; were going D、hadn’t thought; were going
12、It’s said that he because of his killing an old man.
A、has been held a prisoner B、has been taken a prisoner
C、was held prisoner D、was in prisoner
13、The discussion alive when an interesting topic was brought in.
A、was coming B、had come C、has come D、came
14、Now that she is out of a job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
A、had considered B、has been considering
C、considered D、is going to consider
15、According to the art dealer, the painting to go for at least a million dollars.
A、is expected B、expects C、expected D、is expecting
1-----5CDBCB 6-----10CBDDB 11-----15BCDBA
1、Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ?
A、did they speak B、were they speaking
C、are they speaking D、have they been speaking
2、--- -Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.
----Oh! I thought they without me.
A、went B、are going C、have gone D、had gone
3、He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.
A、were deciding B、have decided C、decided D、will decide
4、We plan to reach the North Pole in mid-July, and by then we for six weeks.
A、are walking B、have been walking
C、will be walking D、will have been walking
5、She a secretary for five years, but now she is a manager of a big store.
A、is B、was C、had been D、has been
6、No one this building without the permission of the police.
A、is leaving B、is to leave C、has left D、will be leaving
7、His method should be popularized; it practical.
A、proves B、is proved C、has been proved D、proved
8、It long before China on the moon.
A、will not be; will land B、is; will land
C、will not be; lands D、is; lands
9、----She didn’t take the medicine last night, did she?
---- .
A、No, but I wish she wouldn’t B、No, but I wish she had
C、Yes, but I wi sh she did D、Yes, but I wish she wouldn’t
10、----What about the books?
----Books of this kind well.
A、sell B、sells C、are sold D、is sold
11、When he came back to life, the young man found himself in a small house and everything he .
A、lay; had been stolen B、lay; was stolen
C、lying; had stolen D、lying; had been stolen
12、----Why, John ,have you changed your home phone number?
----No. But I with my uncle’s family this week.
A、have been staying B、have stayed C、am staying D、stay
13、I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but .
A、I’m not invited B、I have not been invited
C、I was not invited D、I will not be invited
14、----I’ve bought a box of chocolates for our daughter.
----Oh! How good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things, that?
A、don’t you know B、haven’t you known
C、didn’t you know D、hadn’t you known
15、I would be sitting in a comfortable office now if I more energies to my study instead of being crazy about going online at college.
A、devoted B、would have devoted
【2012年高考命题预测】
毫无疑问，动词的时态和语态是是高中英语的重要语法点，更是历年高考的考查热点。同学们在复习这一语言点时应注意：1、考纲要求的动词的时态和语态的基本用法；2、易混时态用法比较；3、根据固定时间状语、固定句型确定时态的情况；4、主动形式表被动意义的情况；5、不用被动语态的情况。通过分析近年的全国高考试题可以预测2012年高考对动词的时态和语态的考查依然会注重在具体语境中考查动词的时态和语态的运用。
【重难点突破】
【概述】英语动词时态变化从时间上可划分为“现在时”，“过去时”，“将来时”和“过去将来时”四大类，每类又包括“一般式”、“进行式”、“完成式”和“完成进行式”四式，共十六种时态形式。其中常用的有十种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时等十种。
英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
几种基本事态的基本用法
⒈一般现在时： 构成：主语+ 动词原形或第三人称单数形式
用法：
1）、经常性或习惯性的动作，常与usually, always, sometimes, every day, frequently等一起使用。
He always help others in his spare time.
2）、现在存在的状态或具有的特征
China is a great socialist country.
3）、客观规律、正确事实或科学真理、格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在
（10上海）28. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had
4）、表示安排或计划要做的动作（句中常有表示未来时间的状语），主要用于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, open, close等瞬间动词。
The plane takes off at seven o’clock this morning.
5）、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作常用一般现在时
I am afraid you must inform him of the meeting , in case he comes late for the meeting．
一When shall we restart our business?
一Not until we our plan．
A．will finish B．are finishing
C．are to finish D．have finished
6）、在here, there引导的句子中，常用一般现在时代替现在进行时
Here comes the bus！=The bus is coming！
⒉ 一般过去时： 构成：主语+ 动词的过去式
用法：
1）、表示过去某时间发生的事或存在的状态，常与yesterday, the other day, last…, …ago等时间状语连用。
（2011湖南卷）27．In 1942, Columbus_______ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India．
A．lands B．landed C．has landed D．．had landed
2）、表示过去发生的一连串动作
The professor put one finger in his mouth, tasted it, and smiled with satisfaction.
教授把一根手指头伸进嘴里，尝了尝，满意地笑了。
3）、在时间、条件等状语从句中用一般过去时表示将来的动作
He said he would let us know if he got any news.
4）、用于“It + 时间 + since 引导的状语从句（一般过去时）”
当since引导的状语从句中，谓语动词是非延续性动词的过去式时，意为：自…以来…时间了”；当since引导的状语从句中，谓语动词是延续性动词过去式时，意为：自…不…以来，…已经…时间了。
（2011湖南卷）30．It is the most instructive lecture that I ________since I came to this school．
A．attended B．had attended C．am attending D．have attended
⒊ 一般将来时 构成：主语 + shall/will + 动词原形
用法：
1）、表示将来发生的行为或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, some day, next…, from now on, in the future, in…等时间状语连用。
She will be back in a few minutes.
2）、表示一种倾向。
Crops will die without water.
3）、祈使句或名词短语 + and/or +主语+will do…
Follow your teacher，and you will make progress.
4）、won’t 可表示“不能”，“没法”
The door won’t shut. Please have it repaired.
5）、几种将来时态的表达方式：
⑴、be going to do sth. 表打算；（客观迹象）预示
Look at the clouds,it is going to rain.
⑵、be to do sth.表示按计划安排要发生的事情或注定要发生的事.
The line is to be opened to traffic next year.
⑶、be about to do sth. “即将或正要去做…”，常不与具体的时间副词连用。
He is about to cross the road when he sees an old friend of his.
⑷、be doing 指最近按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于go, start, set out, leave, arrive, come, return等动词
We are going to Wuhan this summer.
⑸、一般现在时表将来，（常用于go, come, start, set out, arrive等动词），表示早已计划好，到时一定发生的事，也可表示按时间进程或时间表的安排，到时一定要发生的事
The train starts at five o’clock.
6）、将来时间表达法的用法比较：
⑴、will 和be going to：
这两个结构都可表示“意图”，常可互换。如果是事先考虑过的，即说话之前已经考虑过的，常用be going to 表示；如果不是事先考虑过的，即说话时刻才考虑到的，要用will表示。
另外，be going to还可表示具备已有迹象表明将发生某事，体现进程已经开始，事情即将发生。
⑵、be going to 和 be to ：
两者都可用于表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，即人们意志所能控制的动作。
对于不受人们意志控制的将来动作，也就是非人们主观所能安排的将来动作，只能用be going to 表示，不能用be to.
⒋ 过去将来时：构成：主语+ would +动词原形
用法：
这个时态主要表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情，它是一种相应的时态，总是同某一过去的时间或过去的动作相对应而存在，常用在宾语从句和间接引语中。
（2011上海卷） 34．Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition?
A．would signB．signedC．have signedD．had signed
⒌ 现在进行时： 构成：主语+ am/is/are + 动词的现在分词
用法：
1）、说话时正在进行或发生的动作
（2011?湖南卷）22．----Joan, what______in your hand?
-----Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma．
A．had you held B．are you holding
C．do you hold D．will you hold
（2011辽宁卷）28．I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I _____．
A．was doing B．am doing C．have done D．had been doing
（2011重庆卷）21．That price of music sounds quite familiar．Who _________the piano upstairs?
A．has played B．played C．plays D．is playing
2）、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时动作不一定正在进行）
（2011江苏卷）21．―I hear you ______ in a pub．What’s it like?
―Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind．
A．are working B．will work C．were working D．will be working
3）、表说话人对主语的行为表赞叹、厌恶等情绪，常与always, constantly, forever, repeatedly 等词连用
He is constantly leaving things about.
4）、最近计划或安排要进行的动作，常用于go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, meet, play等词。
I am starting this project next tuseday.
⒍ 过去进行时： 构成：主语+was/were +动词的现在分词
用法：
1）、过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作或从过去某时刻到某时刻正在进行的动作。
（2011浙江卷）15．The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant ______ in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly．
A．gave B．gives C．was giving D．had given
I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold
2)、和现在进行时一样，过去进行时可与always, forever, constantly等词连用，表示说话人的情绪
She was forever complaining.
3)、过去进行时表示对于过去某时间来说将要发生的事情
She asked me if you were going to Qingdao.
、描写故事的背景
It was winter. The north wind was blowing hard and a heavy snow was falling. A poor girl was walking in the street.冬天，北风刮着，下着大雪，一个可怜的小女孩走在大街上。
⒎ 现在完成时： 构成：主语+ have/has + 动词的过去分词
用法：
1）、过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，句中常有already, just, never, ever, lately, recently, , in the past+一段时间，so far等状语
（2011天津卷）3．In the last few years thousands of films __________ allover the word．
A．have produced B．have been produced
C．are producing D．are being produced
Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved
2）、从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态
（10天津）4. We on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
3）、用在时间、条件从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作之前完成
一When shall we restart our business?
一Not until we our plan．
A．will finish B．are finishing C．are to finish D．have finished
4）、“最高级+名词”或“It is the + 序数词+ time” 后的定语从句中。
（2011湖南卷）30．It is the most instructive lecture that I ________since I came to this school．
A．attended B．had attended C．am attending D．have attended
5）、应用现在完成时应注意：
瞬间动词用于完成时表示一个动作的结束，不能和 “for…”或 “since…”连用，但它们的否定形式可以连用。如：
We have not heard from him for ten days.我们已经十天没他的消息了。
另外，如果把瞬间动词转变成相应的持续动词，就可和 “for…”或 “since…”连用。
die → be dead leave/go → be away join → be in begin → be on fall ill →be ill finish → be over make friends → be friends return → be back borrow → keep come → be buy → have marry → be married
⒏ 现在完成进行时：构成：主语+ have/has + been +动词的现在分词
用法：
表示动作从过去一个时间开始，一直延续到现在，强调在此阶段时间里，动作一直在进行。
⑴、过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作
⑵、过去开始，现在刚刚停止的动作
⑶、现在看到其直接结果的动作
（2011北京卷）23．Tom __________ in the library every night over the last three months．
A．worksB．worked
C．has been workingD．had been working
（2010江西）30 Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she ______ since her marriage to Father.
A shoulders B shouldered
C is shouldering D has been shouldering
(2010陕西）21. I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately.
A.have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough
. ----We’ve spent too much money recently.
----well, it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives __around all the time
A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming
I'm tired out. . I all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped
C. had shopped D. have been shopping
（2010天津）4. We on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
（10江苏）23. ―why, Jack, you look so tired!
―Well, I ____the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting B. will be painting
C. have painted D. have been painting
⒐ 过去完成时： 构成：主语+ had + 动词的过去分词
用法：
1)、表示过去某时间或动作之前已发生或完成的动作。
（2011?北京卷）21．Experiments of this kind in both the U．S．and Europe well before the Second World War．
A．have conducted B．have been conducted
C．had conducted D．had been conducted
（2011?四川卷）19．―What a mistake!
―Yes．I his doing it another way, but without success．A．was suggesting B．will suggest
C．would suggest D．had suggested
（2011?山东卷）35．She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything!
A．had been eating B．had eaten
C．have eaten D．have been eating
（2011?福建卷）32．Last month,the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they From China．
A．receive B．are receiving
C．have received D．had received
（2010安徽）28. ----Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
----No, I _______the book, so I already knew the story?
A. was reading B. had read
C. am reading D. have read
It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me.
A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing
2）、表示从过去某时间开始，持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，往往和for, since引导的短语或从句连用。
（2011?辽宁卷）34．By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college．
A．graduated B．has graduated
C．had been D．had graduated
3）、用于句型：It was the +序数词+ time that…
该句型表示到“was”时已是第几次做某事，即在“was”前已做过某事几次，因此该句在时间上体现“过去的过去”，所以应用过去完成时。
4）、用于句型：It was + 时间段+ since…
该句型表示到自从做某事以来已有多长时间，即在这个（过去）时间段之前已做某事，因此该句型在时间上体现“过去的过去”， 应用过去完成时。
They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years sin ce I had enjoyed a good drink.
5）、过去没有实现的想法、希望和打算，即“本打算”
We had intended to see you, but we weren’t free.
6）、用于句型：hardly/scarecely…when(before)…, 及no sooner…than… “一…就…”
Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang.
⒑ 将来完成时： 构成：主语 + shall/will + have +动词的过去分词
用法：表示未来某一时间之前将完成的动作。
（2011?江苏卷）23．-----Tommy is planning to buy a car．
----I know ．By next month ,he__enough for a used one．
A．saves B . saved C．will save D．will have saved
⒒将来进行时：构成：主语 + will + be + 动词的现在分词
用法：
⑴、表示在将来某时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作
⑵、有时可表示预计即将发生或势必要发生的动作
. ?Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
--How nice! You a different culture then.
A. will be experiencing B. have experienced
C. have been experiencingD. will have experienced
几种易混时态的对比
1、一般现在时与现在进行时：
⑴、一般现在时主要用于习惯性或经常性做的事，常拌随使用频度副词usually, often, seldom等；现在进行时主要用于表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或状态，常跟时间状语now, at present等。
He usually writes a lot of letters, but he isn’t writing at present.
他经常写许多信，但他现在没有写信。
⑵、表示客观事实或普遍真理时，要用一般现在时，不能用现在进行时。
The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
⑶、“感觉” 或 “短暂”动词，通常用一般现在时，不用现在进行时。
如：知觉动词：see, hear, taste, smell 等；意识状态的动词：know, believe, like, hate, understand等
I smell burning. 我嗅到烧着的味。
He knows German best. 他很熟悉德语。
2、一般过去时与过去进行时：
⑴、一般过去时可表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时表示正在进行的动作。
I was reading a novel last night. 昨晚我在看小说（可能没看完）。
I read a novel last night. 我昨晚看了一本小说（已经看完了）。
⑵、一般过去时可用于一个单纯动作，过去进行时可用于过去一段时间反复做的动作。
Did he ask questions? 他提问题了吗？
He was asking questions the whole time. 他始终在提问题。
⑶、一般过去时表示过去某个时刻发生的动作（侧重在说明事实），过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作（强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景）
He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午画了一张画（昨天下午他做了这么一件事）。
He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午在画画（昨天下午他一直在画画，没干别的事）。
⑷、过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，一般过去时表示当时临时发生的短暂性动作
When I was pouring the tea, I dropped a cup.
我在倒茶的时候，失手打了一个茶杯。
3、现在完成时与一般过去时：
⑴、两者都表示在过去做的动作。但现在完成时表示过去动作与现在的关系，主要说明现在的情况；一般过去时强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。
They’ve gone to Paris.
他们到巴黎去了（说明他们现在去巴黎了，不在这里）。
They went to Paris.
他们去过巴黎（只说明去过，不表明是否现在仍在那里）。
I haven’t seen him since last week.
我从上周就一直没见过他（现在仍未见到）。
I didn’t see him last week.
我上周没看到他（只说明上周末见，不说明现在）。
⑵、现在完成时表示从过去发生到现在一段时间内的任何时间，可与today, this week, since等表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用，但不能和表示过去时间的状语连用；一般过去时表示的是过去某一特定时间，或与现在无关的某一过去时间。
I haven’t seen the film yet. 我还没看过这部影片（到目前为止）。
I saw it the day before yesterday.
我前天看的这部电影（表明看电影的时间是在前天）。
4、过去完成时与一般过去时：
⑴、过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成的动作，在句中一般有另一过去时间或动作与它比较，它是一个相对的时态，表示的是过去的过去，只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它；一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的一个动作。
She had learned some English before she came to our school.
她来我们学校以前学过一些英语（come to our school是过去发生的一个动作，learn English是come to our school以前的情况）。
We had had breakfast when she came.
她来时，我们已经吃过早饭了（come 是过去发生的一个动作，have breakfast是发生在come之前的事情）。
⑵、如果主句所表示的动作发生在时间状语从句所表示的动作之前，在状语从句中用一般过去时，在主句中就要用过去完成时。反之，如果时间状语从句所表示的动作发生在主句所表示的动作之前，则在从句中用过去完成时，主句就用一般过去时。
When I had written the letter, I went at once to post it.
我写好了信，马上就寄出去。
⑶、在以连词 after和before指明两个过去动作的时间先后关系时，after和before引导的状语从句中可用过去完成时，也可用一般过去时。如：
Mary left the room after she had turned off (或turned off) the light.
玛丽关灯以后离开了房间。
Before he came to college, he served (或had served ) in the army.
他来上大学以前曾在部队服役。
5、现在完成时与过去完成时：
现在完成时表示对“现在”来说，过去发生或完成的动作或存在过的状态对现在产生的影响或其结果依然存在。而过去完成时，则是对“过去”来说，以前发生过或完成了的动作或存在过的状态对其产生的影响或它的结果依然存在。
We haven’t heard from him for quite a long time.
我们很久没收到他的信了（到现在我们都没收到他的信）。
T hey had known each other for about a year before they got married.
他们结婚以前彼此相识约一年之久（相识一年是指他们在结婚以前，而不是指现在）。
6、一般将来时与过去将来时：
一般将来时表示对“现在时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态；而过去将来时表示对“过去时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态。
She is sixteen, who will be seventeen next year.
她十六岁，明年将十七岁。
She said that she would be seventeen the next year.
她说她次年将十七岁。
7、一般将来时与将来进行时的用法比较：
⑴、Will you do sth.?
可以表示邀请，或表达一个有礼貌的请求或表达一项命令，而将来进行时没有这些意义。如：
Will you help me with the box?
请你帮我搬一下这个箱子好吗 （表示一种请求）？
Will you be waiting here?
你会在这里等吗 （一个关于将来动作的问话）？
⑵、一般将来时表示一个带有主观意图的将来动作，将来进行时表达不带意图的将来动作
I’ll write to him and tell him about it.
我要给他写封信，告诉他这件事 （表达个人意愿）。
We’ll be needing more and more machine.
我们将需要越来越多的机器（客观上将势必需要）。
8、现在完成进行时与现在完成时：
⑴现在完成时表示过去开始的一个动作到目前为止已经完成；现在完成进行时表示动作仍继续。
I’ve read The Red Sun.我已经看过《红日》了（已经完成）。
I have been reading The Red Sun these days.
这些天我一直在看《红日》（仍在继续）。
⑵、现在完成时强调过去动作的现在结果；现在完成进行时如表示刚结束的动作时则强调不久前持续的动作。
I have written him a letter.
我给他写了一封信（到现在为止已经写完了）。
I have been writing a letter since three o’clock.
我从三点以来一直在写信（强调一直在写，不表明是否写完）。
⑶、现在完成进行时可以和一个时间短语连用，也可以没有时间短语。这样用时，它有别于现在完成时，现在完成时只有增加for, since或never等时间短语，才能表达这种持续的动作。
I have been practicing the piano. 我一直在练弹钢琴。
I have lived here for five years.
我在这里住了五年了（不能说I have lived here.）。
⑷、现在完成进行时一般不适用于状态动词，要表示状态动词的“仍在继续”用法，只能用现在完成时。
I have known him since children.
我从小就认识他（不能用现在完成进行时）。
主动形式表被动意义的情况
(1)、某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动，因为连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式：
That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。
Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。
My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证实是错的。
(2)、当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义：
The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。
The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。
【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用，注意它与用被动语态含义不同：
The window won’t shut.
这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性――窗户有问题了)
The window won’t be shut.
这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题，只是不用关)
有时可能用主动和被动形式均可，只是强调重点稍有不同：
Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者)
The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者)
(3)、当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：
The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。
The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。
This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切，太软了。
This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。
【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用，并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态，只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性，用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作)：
The sentences read clearly.
这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义)
The sentences are read clearly.
这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好)
另外，以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态：
The vegetables are cooking. 蔬菜正在煮着。
Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何?
(4)、某些表示开始和结束的动词(begin, start, finish, end等)，当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时，可用主动形式表示被动意义：
When does the concert begin? 音乐会什么时候开始？
The play ended at ten o’clock. 戏10点钟结束。[来源:学科网]
(5)、有的动词本身含有被动意味，通常用主动形式来表示被动含义：
Where is the new film showing? 这部新电影在哪里放映?
My skirt caught on a nail. 我的裙子被钉子钩住了。
Soon the house filled with people. 很快房子就挤满了人。
（6）、某些动词、短语和句型中：
如：last, happen, take place, break out, belong to, need/want/require doing sth., be worth doing, be to blame等
Great changes have taken place in my hometown.
我的家乡已发生了巨大的变化。
It is known that Taiwan belongs to China.众所周知，台湾属于中国。
被动结构表示主动含义：
如：get married 结婚，be addicted to sth.沉溺于，be seated 坐着，be lost in thought沉思着，be devoted to sth.投身于，专注于，be interested in sth.对某事物感兴趣，be surprised 感到吃惊。
【高考真题剖析】
（10上海）31. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A. has restored B. has been restored
C. is restoring D. is being restored
答案：【D】 本题考查被动语态。Restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D.
（10湖南）24. This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year.
A. was named B. named C. is named D. names
答案：【A】考查动词时态和语态。根据主语“This coastal area”与name之间的被动关系排除B、D两项。根据句中的last year判断用一般过去时，故选A项。
（2011?天津卷）3．In the last few years thousands of films allover the word．
A．have produced B．have been produced
C．are producing D．are being produced
答案【B】考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语In the last few years应该选用现在完成时，又因为thousands of films与produce之间是被动关系，所以选择B.
（2011?湖南卷）27 In 1942 ，Columbus_____ on the of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India．
A．lands B．landedC．has landed D．had landed
答案【B】考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语In 1942，所以选择B。
（2011?湖南卷）34 In the near future, more advances in the robot technology __ by scientists．
A．are making B．are made C．will make D．will be made
答案【D】考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语In the near future，主语more advances与动词make之间是动宾关系，所以选择D.
（2011?安徽卷）32．―I didn’t ask for the name list．Why ___on my desk? ―I put it there just now in case you needed it．
A．does it land B．has it landed C．will it land D．had it landed 答案【B】考查动词时态和语态。根据句意，对现在造成了影响，所以选择B.
【真题练习】
（10上海）28. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had
答案：B
考点：本题考查时态。
解析：根据时间状语every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。
31. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A. has restored B. has been restored
C. is restoring D. is being restored
答案：D
考点：本题考查被动语态。
解析：Restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D.
（10福建）28. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns.
A. promisedB. were promised
C. have promisedD. have been promised
28. 答案：D
考点：现在完成时的被动语态
31. ?Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. --How nice! You a different culture then.
A. will be experiencingB. have experienced
C. have been experiencingD. will have experienced31.
答案：A
考点：考查将来进行时
解析：--猜猜看，我们已经得到了今年夏天去香港的短期签证
--太棒了，你到时候将会感受到不同的文化
（10安徽）28. ----Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
----No, I _______the book, so I already knew the story?
A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read
答案：B.
考点：本题考查时态用法。
解析：句意为“我看过书了，已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过，故用过去完成时。
34. ----We’ve spent too much money recently.
----well, it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives _______around all the time
A. are coming B. had come
C. were coming D. have been coming
答案：D.
考点：本题考查时态用法。
解析：句意为“近来我们花了太多钱了。----并不惊奇，近来朋友和亲戚总是来访。”用have been coming表示从过去到现在一直所发生的动作。
（10湖南）24. This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year.
A. was named B. named C. is named D. names
24. 答案：A
考点：考查动词时态和语态。
解析：根据主语“This coastal area”与name之间的被动关系排除B、D两项。根据句中的last year判断用一般过去时，故选A项。
27. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?
A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do
27. 答案：B
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：该空动作发生在was just going to cut之前，即表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时态。句意为：“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但（发现）有人已经将它剪切了。是你干的吗？”
31. I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold
31. 答案：B
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选B项。
34. I'm tired out. . I all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped
C. had shopped D. have been shopping
34. 答案D
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：句意为：“我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。”由语境可判断选D项。
（10江西） 30 Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she ______ since her marriage to Father.
A shoulders B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering
答案：Ｄ
考点：考察时态。
解析：在本句since 表示自从过去到现在, 所以用现在完成时, 现在完成进行时为现在完成时的一种。
（10山东）29. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.
A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid
答案: A
考点：本题考查with复合结构的用法/被动语态。
解析： with复合结构的构成是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，由于table与lay(搁放)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空格处用过去分词表示被动。
30. Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save B. saves
C. had saved D. has saved
答案:D
考点：本题考查动词时态的用法。
解析：句意应为“截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。”up to now是现在完成时态的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。
（10天津）4. We on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
答案：B.
考点：考查动词时态。
句意：我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。咱们休息一会。
解析：从句子的时间状语for four hours和后面的句子Let’s have a rest可知，动作从过去发生，到说话的时候一直在进行着，所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。
10. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.
A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting
C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited
答案：C.
考点：考查被动语态。
句意：想剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在2010上海世博会的文化展览中展出。
解析：因为2010年上海世博会现在还在进行着，所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术品也是“正在被展览”，所以用现在进行时态的的被动语态形式。
（10四川）11．In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant ．
A．to deal with B．dealing with
C．to be dealt with D．dealt with
答案：Aw
考点：考查不定式主动表被动。
解析：在某些形容词后经常用不定式的主动形式表被动，此时，不定式动作和句子的主语存在动宾关系。又如：The apartment is comfortable to live in.
16．一When shall we restart our business? w_w w. k#s5_u. c o*m
一Not until we our plan．
A．will finish B．are finishing
C．are to finish D．have finished
答案：D
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时。此处为until引导的时间状语从句，故用现在完成时，选D。意为“直到我们完成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。”
18．You’ve failed to do what you to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you．
A．will expect B．will be expected
C．expected D．were expected
答案：D m
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：句中you与expect存在被动关系，首先排除C。又有have failed提示应是过去你被期盼做的事，故应为过去时，正确答案为D。w_w 10全国Ⅰ）21. ―Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?
―No , I ______ my homework all day yesterday.
A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do
21题 答案A
句意：―你读完了Jane Eyre吗？
―没有，我昨天一直做作业。
解答：根据选项此题考察时态，此题可以根据句意解答，也可以使用排除法。A表示一段时间内持续进行且未完成的动作使用进行时。题干中有all day yesterday时间提示为过去，应该选择与过去相关的时态，排除D。B为过去将来时不符合题意，C过去完成时是过去的过去，使用过去完成时题目中需要有一般过去时，题干中没有一般过去时因此也排除。
28. When you are home , give a call to let me know you ______ safely.
A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive
28题 答案：B
句意：当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了。
解答：根据选项此题考察时态。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。 句意为“当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成，译为“已经……”。同时也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用will + do表示将来，因此A和D同时排除，C为过去完成时，使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时，过去完成时是过去的过去，因此C也排除，选择B.
32. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.
A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made
32题 答案：C
句意：在澳洲金矿的发现使千百人相信将会发财。
解答：根据选项此题考察时态和语态。make fortune译为“发财”，make在句中需要使用被动形式，因此排除B和D，题干中led提示时间为过去，因此选择C。be to do译为“将会将要”，was to be made表示过去将来。
（10江苏）23. ―why, Jack, you look so tired! w_w w. k#s5_u. c o*m
―Well, I _____the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting B. will be painting
C. have painted D. have been painting
选D。我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在，而且到明天才会完成。所以用现在完成进行时
30. ―Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
―We________ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be
选C. 考查时态题. 我们去海边发生在过去. 而我们忙于工作在此之前. 因此用过去完成时.
（??陕西）21. I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately.
A. have been coughing B. had coughed
C. coughed D. cough
A. 【解析】考查动词时态。由时间状语lately可知此处表示现阶段一直在进行的动作或存在的状态，且强调其持续性，用现在完成进行时，选A。
24. It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area.
A. are being built B. were b eing built
C. was being built D. is being built
D. 【解析】考查动词时态，语态及主谓一致。由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行，主语与所填词是被动关系；many a+名词单数做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，由此可知本题选D。
（10全国Ⅱ）9. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who ________evening dress.
A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn
答案：B
解析：考查主谓一致和时态。首先the only one of …. 为先行词时，定语从句修饰的是one，即one是主语，而非后面的复数women，根据主谓一致的原则，谓语动词应该用复数，排除A，D。另外，从“is”可以看出句子是要表示一种习惯，因此要用一般现在时，排除C，故选A
15. Linda make sure the table ________before the guests arrive
A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting
答案：C
解析：考查动词set的用法和被动语态。Set a table摆放桌子， tables为主语，故用被动结构。make sure后一般接宾语从句。
19. Excuse me I________I was blocking your way.
A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize C. haven’t realized D. wasn’t realizing
答案：A
考点：时态考查。[来源:学科网]
解析：结合语境，后文暗示过去时。
（10湖北）
78. Last night’s TV news said that by then the death of the missing people ________（未证实）yet. (prove)
78. 答案： had not been proved
考点：考查过去完成时的被动语态
（10辽宁）24. Joseph ______to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.
A．has been going B．went C．goes D．has gone
答案：A
句意：约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。
解析：考查时态。句中since last month，表示“自从上个月起”根据but后的句意，说明动作从过去发生到现在一直在进行着，所以要用现在完成进行时态。
30. I _______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.
A．will do B．do C．am doing D．had done
答案： B
句意：我为一家人做饭，但是最近我太忙不能做了。
解析：考查动词时态。第一句表示现阶段的一种状况，所以用一般现在时态。
（10北京）22. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the words .
A. are dropped B. drop
C. are being dropped D. have dropped
22. 答案：A
考点：时态和语态
解析：the "r" sounds应该使用被动。
24. --I'm not finished with my dinner yet.
--But our friends for us.
A. will wait B. wait
C. have waited D. are waiting
24. 答案：D
考点:本题也是在语境中考查学生对时态的灵活运用。
解析：第一个说话人说"我还没吃完饭呢"，而下面的人则说"但是我们的朋友们都在等我们了"根据第一个人还没进行完吃饭的动作，而第二个人又开始催促，我们得知朋友们此时正在等他们。所以用进行时are waiting更符合句意。
26. --I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
--Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make
C. don't make D. haven't made
26. 答案：D
考点: 时态
解析：上文说没听清是几号回来。而下文则说很抱歉我没说清楚。根据句意我们只能选didn't make或者haven't made. 那落在选项中我们只能选择D。A. hadn't made过去完成时表过去的过去，不符合题意。B. wouldn't make过去将来时时态不正确。C一般现在时不正确。
28. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me.
A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing
28. 答案：A
考点:本题考查过去完成时和一般过去时的区别。
解析：整个句子时态用的是一般过去时，我能够表示感谢就已经是过去，而他们对我的帮助则是过去的过去。因此选A。
（10重庆）24. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973.
A. had comeB. has comeC. cameD. comes
24. 答案C
考点：考查时态。
解析： since引导的从句作状语时，主句通常用完成时，而从句用一般过去时，所以选C项。
29. The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _______now.
A. remainsB. is remained
C. is remainingD. has been remained
29. 答案A
考点：考查时态。
解析： remain在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，整句话是对现在事实的陈述，所以用一般现在时。选 A项。
31. -----Why do you want to work for our company?[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
-----This is the job that I for.
A. lookedB. am to lookC. had lookedD. have been looking
31. 答案D
考点：考查时态。
解析：由句意：这就是我一直寻 找的工作可知用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去。
（10浙江）5．If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you fresh watermelon in the fall.
A．eat B．would eat [来源:学,科,网]
C．have eaten D．will be eating
答案D
考点：本题考查条件句的时态。
解析：根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判断这是真实的条件从句，会发生的事情，所以选择will be eating表将来。
15．For many years, people electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.
A．had dreamed ofB．have dreamed of
C．dreamed of D．dream of
答案：B
考点：本题考查时态。
解析：根据句意：许多年来，人们都一直梦想着电动汽车。然而，制造它们比想象要难得多。由此，推断此处的梦想从过去到现在，并由此延伸。目前，市场上已经有了电动汽车，所以应用现 在完成时。
（2011?天津卷）4．On the next birthday．Ann married for twenty years．【D】
A．is B．has been
C．will be D．will have been
（2011?天津卷）3．In the last few years thousands of films allover the word．【B】
A．have produced B．have been produced
C．are producing D．are being produced
（2011?江西卷）30．We arrived at work in the morning are _____ into the office during the night．【B】
A．broke B．had broken C．has broken D．was breaking
（2011?江西卷）28．We _____John’s name on the race lis t yesterday but for his recent injury【D】
A．will put B．will have putC．would put D．would have put
（2011?北京卷）27．―That must have been a long trip．
―Yeah, it us a whole week to get there．【C】
A．takes B．has taken C．took D．was taking
（2011?北京卷）21．Experiments of this kind in both the U．S．and Europe well before the Second World War．【D】
A．have conducted B．have been conducted
C．had conducted D．had been conducted
（2011?天津卷）15．I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me．【D】
A．had come B．was coming C．would come D．would have come
（2011?北京卷）32．―Bob has gone to California．
―Oh, can you tell me when he ?【B】
A．has left B．left C．is leaving D．would leave
（2011?四川卷）9．All visitors to this village _________ with kindness．【B】
A．treat B．are treated C．are treating D．had been treated
（2011?北京卷）23．Tom in the library every night over the last three months．【C】
A．works B．worked
C．have been working D．had been working
（2011?四川卷）19．―What a mistake!
―Yes．I his doing it another way, but without success．【D】
A．was suggesting B．will suggest
C．would suggest D．had suggested
（2011?全国II）9．If you don't like the drink you______ just leave it and try a different one．【A】
A．ordered B．are ordering
C．will order D．had ordered
（2011?陕西卷）12．His first novel good reviews since it came out last month． 【D】
A．receives B．is receviing
C．will receive D．has received
（2011?北京卷）30．Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help．【C】
A．studied B．would st udy
C．had studied D．was studying
（2011?辽宁卷）28．I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ．【B】
A．was doing B．am doing
C．have done D．had been doing
（2011?辽宁卷）34．By the time Jack returned home from England, his son． from college．【D】
A．graduated B．has graduated
C．had been D．had graduated
（2011?湖南卷）22．----Joan, what______in your hand?
-----Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma．【B】
A．had you held B．are you holding
C．do you hold D．will you hold
（2011?江苏卷）21------I hear you ____ in a pub ．what’s it like?
------Well ,it’s very hand work and I’m always tired , but I don’t mind．【A】
A．are workingB．will work
C．were working D．will be working
（2011?江苏卷）23．-----Tommy is planning to buy a car．
----I know ．By next month ,he __ enough for a used one．【D】
A． saves B ．saved
C．will save D．will have saved
（2011?全国新课标卷）23．Planning so far ahead no sense-so m any things will have changed by next year．【C】
A．made B．is making
C．makes D．has made
（2011?全国新课标卷）24．I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he polite．【A】
A． was just being B．will just be
C．had just been D．would just be
（2011?全国新课标卷）29．When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there．【A】
A．had been lying B．has been lying
C．was lying D．has lain
（2011?浙江卷）15．The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant _____in his place but ,luckily ,everything was going on smoothly．【C】
A．gave B．gives C．was giving D．had given
（2011?湖南卷）27 In 1942 Columbus_______ on the of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India．【B】
A．lands B．landed C．has landed D．had landed
（2011?湖南卷）30．It is the most instructive lecture that I ________since I carne to this school．【D】
A．attended B．had attended
C．am attending D．have attended
（2011?湖南卷）34 In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ______ by scientists．【D】
A．are making B．are made C．will make D．will be made
（2011?安徽卷）26．― What do you think of store shopping in the future?
―Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____．【C】
A．will never replace B．would never replace
C．will never be replaced D．would never be replaced
（2011?安徽卷）32．―I didn’t ask for the name list．Why ______on my desk? ―I put it there just now in case you needed it．【B】
A．does it landB．has it landed C．will it landD．had it landed
（2011?山东卷）31．When I got on the bus, I_____I had left my wallet at home．【B】
A．was realizingB．realized
C．have realizedD．would realize
（2011?山东卷）35．She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything!【B】
A．had been eating B．had eaten
C．have eaten D．have been eating
（2011?重庆卷）31．Look at the pride on Tom’s face．He to have been praised by the manager just now．【B】
A．seemed B．seems
C．had seemed D．is seeming
（2011?重庆卷）21．That price of music sounds quite familiar．Who _________the piano upstairs? 【D】
A．has played B．played
C．plays D．is playing
（2011?福建卷）32．Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they From China．【D】
A．receive B．are receiving
C．have received D．had received
巩固练习
1、Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Doctor Li for Beijing to join in the fight against SARS, so we only had time for a few words.
A、just left B、has just left C、is just leaving D、was just leaving
2、----If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.
----What a pity! Tina here to see you.
A、is B、was C、would be D、has been
3、He me that he here for twenty years by this year.
A、told; will teach B、tells; will have been teaching
C、told; had taught D、told; would have been teaching
4、Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People to ask ho w I am going to spend the money.
A、phone B、will phone C、were phoning D、are phoning
5、This is one of the oldest temples in China .It the 9th century.
A、is dated from B、is dated back to
C、was dated from D、dates back to
6、The new trend of the flowing army of migrant workers the attention of lawmakers and government advisers who in Beijing for their annual sessions this week.
A、caught; is gathering B、catch; have gathered
C、are catching; are gathered D、has caught; are gathering
7、The fact he didn’t recognize me means that I a lot in the past few years.
A、that; changed B、which; had changed
C、when; changed D、that; have changed
8、Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, in the clothing industry.
A、is working B、works C、work D、worked
9、----Mom, the door .My keys are locked in it again.
----You it! I told you always to carry your keys with you.
A、won’t open; have asked for B、won’t be opened
C、asked for D、can’t open; are asking for
10、Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she .
A、has done B、had done C、was doing D、is doing
11、----Why didn’t you turn up at the meeting?
----I for a long―distance call from my cousin in England.
A、waited B、had waited C、was waiting D、have been waiting
12、Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which the Pacific, and we met no storms.
A、was called B、is called
C、had been called D、has been called
13、----We that you would fix the radio this Tuesday.
----I’m awfully sorry, sir. I to do so, but you see, I’ve been too busy.
A、had expected; had meant B、expect; want
C、expected; intend D、am expecting; have intended
14、The TV play isn’t interesting enough .
A、to watch B、to watch it C、to be watched D、watching
15、----Let’s see if the baseball game has started yet.
----Started? It must be clear who by now.
A、is winning B、wins C、has won D、would win
16、----Are you still busy?
----Yes, I my work, and it won’t take long.
A、just finish B、am just finishing C、have just finished D、am just going to finish
1-----5DBDDD 6-----10DDCCC 11----16CBAAAB
1、----Hi, Tracy, you look tired.
----I am tired. I the living room all day.
A、painted B、had painted C、have been painting D、have painted
2、The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics by 2006.[来源:学科网ZXXK]
A、has been completed B、has completed
C、will have been completed D、will have completed
3、 he will return to his native land.
A、It is long before that B、It is before long that
C、It won’t be long before D、It will be before long that
4、His wife to catch the first train but she was too late.
A、hoping B、had hoped C、has hoped D、would hope
5、Tom said he to her, but he yet.
A、will write; didn’t B、has written; hasn’t
C、was going to write; wasn’t D、would write; hasn’t
6、Millions of pounds’worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.
A、has been caused B、had been caused
C、will be caused D、will have been caused
7、----What are you going to do this afternoon?
----I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film quite early, so we to the bookstore after that.
A、finished; are going B、finished; go
C、finishes; are going D、finishes; go
8、With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year.
A、is washing away B、is being washed away
C、are washing away D、are being washed away
9、----What’s wrong with your leg?
----I got injured in a car accident.
----I suppose you too fast.
A、were driving B、had driven
C、had been driving D、have driven
10、----Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
----I , but I had an unexpected visitor.
A、had B、would C、was going to D、did
11、----Hello! Fancy meeting you here!
----Hi, Elizabeth. I how to spend the morning―until I saw you.
A、was just wondering B、have wandered
C、am just wondering D、had been wondered
12、----Does Liu Hua serve in the army?
----No, but he in the army for three years.
A、served B、has served C、is serving D、would serve
13、----This returned Chinese scholar has become one of the top experts in this field.
----Yes, I know him very well. He in Africa with animals for eight years.
A、has worked B、had worked C、worked D、has been working
14、The naughty boy! He where he leaves his things.
A、always forgets B、will always forget
C、is always forgetting D、has always forgotten
15、The girl is very shy, and never speaks until to.
A、spoken B、speaking C、speak D、be spoken
1-----5CCBBD 6-----10ACDAC 11-----15AACCA
1、The price ,but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A、went down B、will go down
C、has gone down D、was going down
2、----What’s wrong with your coat?
----Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me on it.
A、sat B、had sat C、had been sitting D、was sitting
3、The country life he was used to greatly since 1992.
A、change B、has changed C、changing D、have changed
4、I don’t really work here; I until the new secretary arrives.
A、just help out B、have just helped out
C、am just helping out D、will just help out
5、Experts think we won’t have clean water to drink unless something soon, but much remains about environment protection.
A、would be done; doing B、is done; to be done
C、will be done; to do D、is done; to do
6、Although he has lived with us for years, he us much impression.
A、hadn’t left B、didn’t leave
C、doesn’t leave D、hasn’t left
7、----Do you know our town at all?
----No. This is the first time I here.
A、was B、have been C、came D、am coming
8、Rainforests and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A、being cut B、are cut C、to be cut D、are being cut
9、----I suppose Jack is late again.
----You it!
A、are guessing B、will guess C、guess D、have guessed
10、----Have you brought the camera?
----Oh, my poor memory! I before leaving home.
A、mentioned B、had been mentioned
C、have been mentioned D、have mentioned
11、----Come on, Peter, I want to show you something.
----Oh, how nice of you! I you to bring me a gift.
A、never think; are going B、never thought; were going
C、didn’t think; were going D、hadn’t thought; were going
12、It’s said that he because of his killing an old man.
A、has been held a prisoner B、has been taken a prisoner
C、was held prisoner D、was in prisoner
13、The discussion alive when an interesting topic was brought in.
A、was coming B、had come C、has come D、came
14、Now that she is out of a job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
A、had considered B、has been considering
C、considered D、is going to consider
15、According to the art dealer, the painting to go for at least a million dollars.
A、is expected B、expects C、expected D、is expecting
1-----5CDBCB 6-----10CBDDB 11-----15BCDBA
1、Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ?
A、did they speak B、were they speaking
C、are they speaking D、have they been speaking
2、--- -Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.
----Oh! I thought they without me.
A、went B、are going C、have gone D、had gone
3、He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.
A、were deciding B、have decided C、decided D、will decide
4、We plan to reach the North Pole in mid-July, and by then we for six weeks.
A、are walking B、have been walking
C、will be walking D、will have been walking
5、She a secretary for five years, but now she is a manager of a big store.
A、is B、was C、had been D、has been
6、No one this building without the permission of the police.
A、is leaving B、is to leave C、has left D、will be leaving
7、His method should be popularized; it practical.
A、proves B、is proved C、has been proved D、proved
8、It long before China on the moon.
A、will not be; will land B、is; will land
C、will not be; lands D、is; lands
9、----She didn’t take the medicine last night, did she?
---- .
A、No, but I wish she wouldn’t B、No, but I wish she had
C、Yes, but I wi sh she did D、Yes, but I wish she wouldn’t
10、----What about the books?
----Books of this kind well.
A、sell B、sells C、are sold D、is sold
11、When he came back to life, the young man found himself in a small house and everything he .
A、lay; had been stolen B、lay; was stolen
C、lying; had stolen D、lying; had been stolen
12、----Why, John ,have you changed your home phone number?
----No. But I with my uncle’s family this week.
A、have been staying B、have stayed C、am staying D、stay
13、I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but .
A、I’m not invited B、I have not been invited
C、I was not invited D、I will not be invited
14、----I’ve bought a box of chocolates for our daughter.
----Oh! How good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things, that?
A、don’t you know B、haven’t you known
C、didn’t you know D、hadn’t you known
15、I would be sitting in a comfortable office now if I more energies to my study instead of being crazy about going online at college.
A、devoted B、would have devoted
