M1U2 Grammar and usage
Attributive clauses 2
Teaching objectives:
To learn how to use a preposition + which/whom to begin an attributive clause and how to use relative adverbs in attributive clauses
Important and difficult points:
How to choose suitable prepositions in an attributive clause.
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Revision
Fill in the blanks with “who, whom, whose, that and which”.
1. One fails to reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
2. Is this the shop sells children’s clothing?
3. This is the boy football was lost.
4. That you borrowed from me wasn’t a real diamond necklace.
5. He is no longer the shy boy he was.
Step 2. Grammar and Usage
Preposition +which and preposition +whom
?Read point1 and make sure students know when to use attributive clause with preposition.
1.The pen is broken, so I’ll have to buy a new one. I write my homework with it every day
2.The pen with which I write my homework every day is broken, so I’ll have to buy a new one.
3.The man is over eighty. I bought the old picture for him.
4.The man for whom I bought the old picture is over eighty .
5.Read point 2, get them to write the sentences in formal English.
6.The Maths teacher is the person from whom I got an A plus.
7.Art is the subject about which I know little.
8.They refused to take on anyone ___ eyesight was poor.
9.The gentleman ______you told me about yesterday proved to be thief.
10.Who is the student was late for school ?
?Read point 3 and 4,and ask them to write the sentences in different ways.
1.Dad is a person to whom I can easily talk.
2.Dad is a person whom/who/that I can easily talk to.
3.Dad is a person I can easily talk to.
?Appendix
1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to, at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。
2) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：
This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
3)当先行词是way的时候,我们可以使用that 或in which引导定语从句.在这种情况下that 或in which也可以省略.
Fill in the blanks with proper words
1.The teacher______ ______ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu.
2. This is the house______ ______ LuXun once lived.
3. He will never forget the day _____ ______ he came to Beijing.
4.The reason _____ ______ I came here is that I want to get your help.
5. The fellow ______ _____ I spoke made no answer.
6. The West Lake,_______ ______Hangzhou is famous ,is a beautiful place.
7. This is the shop _______ _______ my daughter works.
8. The pencil_____ ___ he wrote was broken.
9. She has three children, all______ ______ are at school.
10.The policeman______ _____ the thief was caught is an old man.
11. I was surprised at the way______ ______ he treated the old man
Relative adverbs: when, where, and why
?If the antecedent refers to a certain period of time and is used as the adverbial of time in the attributive clause, when is used to introduce the clause.
Eg；
1.I will never forget the day when we first met.
2.I will never forget the day on which we first met.
?If the antecedent refers to a place and is used as the adverbial of place in the attributive clause,where is used to introduce the clause.
Eg；
1.He doesn't’t remember the name of the farm where his father once worked.
2.He doesn't’t remember the name of the farm on which his father once worked.
?When the antecedent is reason ,why is used to introduce the clause.
Eg；
1.Please tell me the reason why you were late again.
2.Please tell me the reason for which you were late again.
Exercises:
1.After living in Paris for fifty year as he returned to the small town____he grew up as a child.
A.which B. where C. that D. when
2. The film brought the hours back to me_____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A.until B. that C. when D. where
3. The reason______they quarreled is quite clear.
A. that B why C. when D. in which
Relative adverbs: when, where and why
Please compare the following sentences and fill in the blanks.
1. I still remember the days we visited the country-side.
2. I still remember the days we spent together.
3. I return to the village I was brought up.
4. I return to the village we paid a visit to last week.
5. I don’t know the reason he was late.
6. I don’t know the reason he explained to the teacher.
To combine the two sentences into one sentence using “when why and where”.
1.I’ll never forget the day. I joined the PLA on that day.
2. Li Fang lives in that street. Do you know the street?
3. Can you explain the reason .you acted in that way for it.
常见错误类型举例
一、在定语从句中加了多余的宾语。如
1．Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．
2．The book that you need it is in the library．
二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。如：
1.Anyone who break the law will be punished．（breaks）
2.Those who has finished may go home． (have)
3.He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school． (knows)
4.This is one of the rooms that is free now． (are)
三、误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。
1.The key ^opens the bike is missing． (which/that)
2.Children ^eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．(who/that)
四、定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。如：
1.The house where he lives in needs repairing．
2.I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing．
五、在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了关系代词或关系副词。
1.I still remember the day when we spent together. (which/that)
2.This is the house where we lived in last year．(which/that)
六、在先行词reason后错用关系副词why。
1.Have you asked her for the reason why may explain her absence？(which/that)
2.I don’t believe the reason why he has given for his being late．(which/that)
七、误将强调句型当定语从句。如：
1.It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out．(that)
2.Was it because it snowed last night when you didn’t come？ (that)
?Multiply choice
1.____ have plenty of money will help their friend.
A. Those who B. He who
C. That who D. You who
2.This is the longest train _____ I have ever seen.
A. which B. that C. what D. whom
3.____ we all know, swimming is a very good sport.
A. Which B. That C. As D. Who
4.I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the farm __ you visited last week.
A. when, where B. which, which
C. when , which D. which , where
5.The radio set ___ last week has gone wrong.
A. I bought it B. which I bought it
C. I bought D. what I bought
6.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. them C. that D. which
7.The day will come _____ the people all over the world will win liberation.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
8.Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ____ in China.
A. works B. is working
C. are working D. has been working
9.They talked for about an hour of things and persons ____ they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
10.My glasses, ____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
A. which B. with which
C. without which D. that
11.He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.
A. who B. from him
C. from whom D. whom
12.I have bought the same dress ____ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
13.A harvester is a machine ____ we harvest crops or a person ____ is harvesting.
A. which , who B. that , that
C. with which , who D./, that
14.In the police station I saw the man from ___ room the thief had stolen the TV set.
A. whom B. which C. that D. whose
15.This is the very reason ___ we all know.
A. why B. that C. for which D. what
16.Please put the letter _____ he can easily find it.
A. in which B. where
C. the place where D. in the place
17.The house ______ there is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago.
A. which B. in front of which
C. that D. in the front of which
18.Antarctic, ____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A. which B. where
C. that D. about which
19.The reason ____ I was away from school is ____ I was ill yesterday.
A. that, that B. why, why
C. why, that D. that, why
20.It was a meeting ______ importance I didn’t realize at that time.
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
21. This is the store _____we visited the famous shop assistants.
A. where B. there
C. that D. which
22.They have decided to stay at home, ____ , I think , ___ a wise choice.
A. which , are B. which , is
C. that , are D. that , is
23.All the apples ___ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A. those B. that C. which D. what
24.Did you see the man ____ ?
A. I nodded just now
B. whom I nodded just now
C. whom I nodded to him
D. whom I nodded to
25. These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected.
A. like B. as C. that D. which
26. I've never heard so interesting a story ________ you told me.
A. as B. that C. of which D. about which
27. I've seen the same film ________ you saw yesterday.
A. that B. which C. as D. like
28. I'll buy the same coat _____ you wear.
A. that B. which C. as D. like
29. He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is
C. which I think it D. I think is
30. ____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
31. This is the first time _______ he has been here.
A. that B. when C. at which D. which
32. I don't like ______ you speak to her.
A. the way B. they way in that
C. the way which D. the way of which
33.I don't think the number of people ______ this happens is very large.
A. whom B. to whom
C. on whom D. which
34.Ahead of me I saw a woman ______ I thought was my aunt.
A.who B. whom C. of whom D. whose
35.The man and the horse ______ fell into the river were drowned.
A. which B. who C. that D. of which
36.We put the corn _____ the birds could find it easily.
A. which B. where C. of which D. there
37._____ has already been pointed out, grammar is not a set of dead rules.
A. It B. As C. That D. Which
38. I, who ___ your best friend, will do what I can to help you.
A. is B. am C. be D. were
39.I don’t believe the reason _____ you just gave to me.
A. what B. why C. that D. for which
40. He is one of the students who ____ late this morning.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
41. He is the only one of the students who _____ this morning.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
42.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese book, and ____ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
Attributive clauses 2
Teaching objectives:
To learn how to use a preposition + which/whom to begin an attributive clause and how to use relative adverbs in attributive clauses
Important and difficult points:
How to choose suitable prepositions in an attributive clause.
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Revision
Fill in the blanks with “who, whom, whose, that and which”.
1. One fails to reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
2. Is this the shop sells children’s clothing?
3. This is the boy football was lost.
4. That you borrowed from me wasn’t a real diamond necklace.
5. He is no longer the shy boy he was.
Step 2. Grammar and Usage
Preposition +which and preposition +whom
?Read point1 and make sure students know when to use attributive clause with preposition.
1.The pen is broken, so I’ll have to buy a new one. I write my homework with it every day
2.The pen with which I write my homework every day is broken, so I’ll have to buy a new one.
3.The man is over eighty. I bought the old picture for him.
4.The man for whom I bought the old picture is over eighty .
5.Read point 2, get them to write the sentences in formal English.
6.The Maths teacher is the person from whom I got an A plus.
7.Art is the subject about which I know little.
8.They refused to take on anyone ___ eyesight was poor.
9.The gentleman ______you told me about yesterday proved to be thief.
10.Who is the student was late for school ?
?Read point 3 and 4,and ask them to write the sentences in different ways.
1.Dad is a person to whom I can easily talk.
2.Dad is a person whom/who/that I can easily talk to.
3.Dad is a person I can easily talk to.
?Appendix
1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to, at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。
2) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：
This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
3)当先行词是way的时候,我们可以使用that 或in which引导定语从句.在这种情况下that 或in which也可以省略.
Fill in the blanks with proper words
1.The teacher______ ______ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu.
2. This is the house______ ______ LuXun once lived.
3. He will never forget the day _____ ______ he came to Beijing.
4.The reason _____ ______ I came here is that I want to get your help.
5. The fellow ______ _____ I spoke made no answer.
6. The West Lake,_______ ______Hangzhou is famous ,is a beautiful place.
7. This is the shop _______ _______ my daughter works.
8. The pencil_____ ___ he wrote was broken.
9. She has three children, all______ ______ are at school.
10.The policeman______ _____ the thief was caught is an old man.
11. I was surprised at the way______ ______ he treated the old man
Relative adverbs: when, where, and why
?If the antecedent refers to a certain period of time and is used as the adverbial of time in the attributive clause, when is used to introduce the clause.
Eg；
1.I will never forget the day when we first met.
2.I will never forget the day on which we first met.
?If the antecedent refers to a place and is used as the adverbial of place in the attributive clause,where is used to introduce the clause.
Eg；
1.He doesn't’t remember the name of the farm where his father once worked.
2.He doesn't’t remember the name of the farm on which his father once worked.
?When the antecedent is reason ,why is used to introduce the clause.
Eg；
1.Please tell me the reason why you were late again.
2.Please tell me the reason for which you were late again.
Exercises:
1.After living in Paris for fifty year as he returned to the small town____he grew up as a child.
A.which B. where C. that D. when
2. The film brought the hours back to me_____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A.until B. that C. when D. where
3. The reason______they quarreled is quite clear.
A. that B why C. when D. in which
Relative adverbs: when, where and why
Please compare the following sentences and fill in the blanks.
1. I still remember the days we visited the country-side.
2. I still remember the days we spent together.
3. I return to the village I was brought up.
4. I return to the village we paid a visit to last week.
5. I don’t know the reason he was late.
6. I don’t know the reason he explained to the teacher.
To combine the two sentences into one sentence using “when why and where”.
1.I’ll never forget the day. I joined the PLA on that day.
2. Li Fang lives in that street. Do you know the street?
3. Can you explain the reason .you acted in that way for it.
常见错误类型举例
一、在定语从句中加了多余的宾语。如
1．Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．
2．The book that you need it is in the library．
二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。如：
1.Anyone who break the law will be punished．（breaks）
2.Those who has finished may go home． (have)
3.He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school． (knows)
4.This is one of the rooms that is free now． (are)
三、误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。
1.The key ^opens the bike is missing． (which/that)
2.Children ^eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．(who/that)
四、定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。如：
1.The house where he lives in needs repairing．
2.I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing．
五、在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了关系代词或关系副词。
1.I still remember the day when we spent together. (which/that)
2.This is the house where we lived in last year．(which/that)
六、在先行词reason后错用关系副词why。
1.Have you asked her for the reason why may explain her absence？(which/that)
2.I don’t believe the reason why he has given for his being late．(which/that)
七、误将强调句型当定语从句。如：
1.It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out．(that)
2.Was it because it snowed last night when you didn’t come？ (that)
?Multiply choice
1.____ have plenty of money will help their friend.
A. Those who B. He who
C. That who D. You who
2.This is the longest train _____ I have ever seen.
A. which B. that C. what D. whom
3.____ we all know, swimming is a very good sport.
A. Which B. That C. As D. Who
4.I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the farm __ you visited last week.
A. when, where B. which, which
C. when , which D. which , where
5.The radio set ___ last week has gone wrong.
A. I bought it B. which I bought it
C. I bought D. what I bought
6.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. them C. that D. which
7.The day will come _____ the people all over the world will win liberation.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
8.Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ____ in China.
A. works B. is working
C. are working D. has been working
9.They talked for about an hour of things and persons ____ they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
10.My glasses, ____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
A. which B. with which
C. without which D. that
11.He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.
A. who B. from him
C. from whom D. whom
12.I have bought the same dress ____ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
13.A harvester is a machine ____ we harvest crops or a person ____ is harvesting.
A. which , who B. that , that
C. with which , who D./, that
14.In the police station I saw the man from ___ room the thief had stolen the TV set.
A. whom B. which C. that D. whose
15.This is the very reason ___ we all know.
A. why B. that C. for which D. what
16.Please put the letter _____ he can easily find it.
A. in which B. where
C. the place where D. in the place
17.The house ______ there is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago.
A. which B. in front of which
C. that D. in the front of which
18.Antarctic, ____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A. which B. where
C. that D. about which
19.The reason ____ I was away from school is ____ I was ill yesterday.
A. that, that B. why, why
C. why, that D. that, why
20.It was a meeting ______ importance I didn’t realize at that time.
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
21. This is the store _____we visited the famous shop assistants.
A. where B. there
C. that D. which
22.They have decided to stay at home, ____ , I think , ___ a wise choice.
A. which , are B. which , is
C. that , are D. that , is
23.All the apples ___ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A. those B. that C. which D. what
24.Did you see the man ____ ?
A. I nodded just now
B. whom I nodded just now
C. whom I nodded to him
D. whom I nodded to
25. These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected.
A. like B. as C. that D. which
26. I've never heard so interesting a story ________ you told me.
A. as B. that C. of which D. about which
27. I've seen the same film ________ you saw yesterday.
A. that B. which C. as D. like
28. I'll buy the same coat _____ you wear.
A. that B. which C. as D. like
29. He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is
C. which I think it D. I think is
30. ____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
31. This is the first time _______ he has been here.
A. that B. when C. at which D. which
32. I don't like ______ you speak to her.
A. the way B. they way in that
C. the way which D. the way of which
33.I don't think the number of people ______ this happens is very large.
A. whom B. to whom
C. on whom D. which
34.Ahead of me I saw a woman ______ I thought was my aunt.
A.who B. whom C. of whom D. whose
35.The man and the horse ______ fell into the river were drowned.
A. which B. who C. that D. of which
36.We put the corn _____ the birds could find it easily.
A. which B. where C. of which D. there
37._____ has already been pointed out, grammar is not a set of dead rules.
A. It B. As C. That D. Which
38. I, who ___ your best friend, will do what I can to help you.
A. is B. am C. be D. were
39.I don’t believe the reason _____ you just gave to me.
A. what B. why C. that D. for which
40. He is one of the students who ____ late this morning.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
41. He is the only one of the students who _____ this morning.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
42.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese book, and ____ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
