Have a good time
教学目标
教学目标与要点
1. 重点掌握并记忆与旅游这一主题相关的词汇和短语:one-way flight; round trip; Go straight along here. please come this way. have a good time; have a family meeting; talk about; go for our holiday; describe to do something; diving; on the island; press; by oneself等等。
2.能正确运用一些婉转提出建议的句式,联系实际,谈论未来的某一次活动:时间、地点、人物和某些具体事项。
3.掌握有关电脑方面的一些专用语,对电脑的部分程序操作能用英语表达。
4.能读懂有关flight的一些instructions,建立24时制的时间思维意识,以及登机的相关常识。
5.了解并掌握由if或whether及特殊疑问词引导的的宾语从句。
6.掌握方位词的用法,特别是介词的选用。
素质教育目标
1. 在第四单元的基础之上,认真掌握有关宾语从句的基本构成和用法。特别是由一些特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。
2. 鼓励学生运用所学过的句型与词组短语进行有关的日常会话。
3. 让学生在学习时能体会到旅游的乐趣,并且让学生知道旅游也是一种增长知识的好机会。能够运用所学句型进行与旅行相关的准备活动,旅游信息的搜集,加工以及谈论和表达旅游过程中的感受。
4. 在教学过程中,应当调动各种教学媒体,用以加强学生对语言知识的掌握与理解。
5. 认真引导学生运用各种学习手段进行学习,鼓励学生多方搜集与旅游有关的信息,在课堂中进行英语表达,和同学之间进行信息交换等。以提高同学们的学习兴趣和学习效果。使部分学生能够运用所学过的与旅游主题相关的词组、短语及相关句型谈论自己的旅游经历。
教学建议
本单元句型及日常交际用语
一、本单元句型
1. Do you kids have any ideas?
2. I think that's a good idea.
3. How about Hainan Island?
4. You can do it by yourself.
5. Hainan island is the second largest island of China.
6. How much does it cost to do something?
7. The price of a ticket from … to … is …yuan one way.
8. Could you tell me how much it costs to fly to Hainan?
9. Could you tell me if there is a flight in the morning on November, 26th?
10. Could you teach me how to search the internet?
11. I'd like to book a ticket/a room, please?
12. Please go straight along here.
13. Please come this way.
14. Could you tell me that's a fast train or not?
15. That's sound very cool.
二、日常交际用语
1.表示"祝福"
Have a good time!
2.有关电脑方面用语
Double left click on the internet icon.
Left click on any interesting story about. . ..
3.表示"建议"
How about Hainan Island?
4. 表示感叹
Oh, my! /What!
What a surprise!
How surprising/amazing/strange!
My goodness! /Goodness me!
Unbelievable! /Surprising!
It's really a surprise!
I can't believe it/my eyes!
I can hardly believe it!
Well, that's very surprising.
5.其他
That sounds really cool.
I had a great time.
教材内容分析
本单元是围绕"Have a good time"这一话题,结合宾语从句展开教学活动的。以准备旅游,开始旅游,谈论旅游,以旅游为核心主题,集中呈现一系列与旅游相关的词组短语和句型。学习了婉转提出建议的表达方式及"请求和说明"的日常交际用语。要求掌握
电脑方面的一些用语,对电脑的部分程序操作能用英语进行表达。能读懂有关flight的一些instructions,建立 24时制的时间思维方式,以及登机的有关常识。讲述了以特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,要求学生在交谈的过程中,在交际的语境中了解并掌握有关以疑问代词或疑问副词所引导的宾语从句。如:Could you tell me if/whether there is a flight+时间?本单元的内容与我们生活密切相关,应认真学习,掌握一些日常用语和常用词汇及相关常识,为我们日后的travel or trip作好准备。
本单元重点难点分析
1. David and Joy, come on, we're having a family meeting.
大卫、乔伊,快点,我们要开家庭会。
come on在此表示鼓励、挑战、恳求、要求等感叹语,可译作"赶快;来吧;快点"。例如:
(1)Come on, try it again! 来吧,再试一下!
(2)Come on. We are waiting for you. 快点,我们在等你呢。
(3)Come on. The film has begun.赶快,电影开始了。
2. Could you please tell me where we show our tickets?
你能告诉我们在哪里检票吗?
Could you...?句型中,Could不是过去形式,在此表示语气婉转、有礼貌。在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中,以及在含有表示建议、请求和征求意见语气的疑问句中,常用some和something,而不用any和anything。
请把你的自行车借给我好吗?
(2)Would you like to have some drink?
你们想喝点什么吗?
(3)What about saying something about your family?
说说你家庭的情况好吗?
(4)Will you please give the poor boy something to eat?
请给那可怜的孩子一些吃的东西好吗?
3.Could you tell us how long we're going to be away?
你能告诉我们要去多久吗?
此句是由连接副词how long引导的宾语从句。要注意的是在以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句中,从句的语序要用陈述句的语序。从句的时态要随主句的时态而变化。例如:
(1)Do you know what time the train leaves? 你知道火车几点离开吗?
(2)No one knows why he was late last night.
没人知道他昨天晚上为什么迟到了。
(3)I want to know how many English words you have learned.
我想知道你们已经学了多少英语单词了。
(4)She asked how much it cost.她问它值多少钱。
4. What's the number of the Smiths' flight out of Beijing?
史密斯全家离开北京的飞机航班号是什么?
(1)flight是fly的名词形式,表示"飞行;航班"等。
例:Flight Number 6141 to Beijing is ready to leave.
去北京的6141次航班马上就要起飞了。
(2)out of从……出来(去),相对的词为into。
如:come out of the room 从房间里出来。
go into the room 到房间里去。
5. take, spend, pay, cost
四个单词意思均为"花费,使用"。
take常用于It takes(took,will take)sb sometime to do sth;spend构成的句式中,一般以"人"做主语,句型为:spend…on sth或者spend… (in)doing sth;pay构成的句式中,一般以"人"作主语,常用句型为 pay sb for sth 为……付款给……,pay off…付完,偿清……;cost一般以物做主语,可以解释为"花费;价值",它还可做名词,意思是"价值,价格"。
It took my uncle less than two weeks to plant the trees. But it's worthwhile. You see, we paid nothing for all these trees, though they cost us more time and more energy. We spent almost 10 days last month searching everywhere, hunting for a farmer who is willing to offer us free supplies of young trees.
6.Then there are long white beaches to walk along.
along在这里是个副词,表示"向前"的意思。along作副词时,其前面的动词经常用的有:come, go, crawl, walk, drive, float, fly, move, hurry, pass, roll, run, swim等。例如:
Move along, please.请向前走!
&
nbsp; Now, go along. 请直走!
Pass the note along.把条子传过去。
She walked along by himself.她一个人向前走。
The days glide swiftly along.岁月如梭。
Come along! 跟我来!
along 除表示上述意义之外,还可以作"沿着"。例如:
Look at the trees along by the river.看那边沿河的树。
另外,along还可以作介词用。along作介词时,常常的意思是"沿着"。例如:
We went for a walk along the road after supper.
晚饭后我们沿着公路散步。
"Pass along the car, please!" said the conductor.
售票员说:"请往里走!"
7.Let's see if we can find some information about that city.
咱们看一下是否能找到有关那个城市的一些信息。
Could you tell me whether that's a fast train or not?
请告诉我这是不是快车好吗?
这两句是由连词if和whether引导的宾语从句,意思是"是否"。如果将一般疑问句改为宾语从句时要用if或whether连词引导,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。从句的时态也应随主句的时态变化而变化。if和whether在通常情况下可以互换使用。
例如:
(1)Did you know if / whether he would come tomorrow?
你曾知道他明天是否回来吗?
(2)Mother asked if / whether we needed some more tea.
妈妈问过我们是否再要一些茶。
在下面几种情况下不能用if代替whether:
(1)当 whether与 or not连成一个词组时。例如:
I can't say whether it is going to rain or not.我不知道明天是否下雨。
(2)whether用在不定式前面时。例如:
He can't decide whether to go.他不能决定是否去。
(3)whether引导的从句放在句首时。例如:
Whether this is true, I can't say.不管是不是真的,我说不准。
(4)whether用在介词后面时。例如:
She is worrying about whether she can finish the work on time.
她正担心,她是否能准时完成工作。
8.I'd like to book four tickets, please. 我想定四张票。
(1)You had to book early if you want to have dinner in that restaurant.
如果想去那个饭店吃饭,你得早点儿定座。
(2)Have you booked your passage to Shanghai? 你到上海去的舱位定好了吗?
(3)Could I book a ticket through to Hainan Island?
我能买一张直达海南岛的票吗?
9.That sounds really cool! 这听起来确实很酷!
sound是系动词后跟形容词作表语。类似用法的动词还有:get, turn, smell, taste, feel, look等。例如:
(1)It looks more beautiful in the sun. 在阳光下,它看起来更漂亮。
(2)The dish smells delicious.菜闻起来很香。
(3)I often feel tired.我常感到疲倦。
(4)It tastes better than it looks.它看起来不怎么样,味道还不错。
(5)Her name sounds beautiful.她的名字听起来很好听。
疑问词引导的宾语从句
在宾语从句这一个语法项目中,疑问词引导的宾语从句是比较难于理解的。本单元教学由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句。所谓连接代词和副词,实际上就是我们以前学过的疑问代词和副词,如who, whose, whom, what, which, when, where, why, how以及由how构成的词组。但必须注意两点,一是它们在构成疑问句时叫疑问词,引导宾语从句时称作引导词。一是它们和that不一样,在从句中有含义,担任相关的句子成分,所以不能省略,另外,它们须放在宾语从句之首,宾语从句必须是陈述句结构。学习宾语从句,主要应当注意以下三个方面的内容:引导词,从句语序以及主从句的时态的一致性。现在以连接词的三种不同情况来进行宾语从句的总结。
1 连接代词引导的宾语从句。
Can you tell me who will give us a talk?
你能告诉我谁会给我们做报告吗?(who是连接代词)
&n
bsp; Show me what you have bought for me? (what 是连接代词,原来的语序是What have you bought for me?)
Please guess which subject I like best?
猜一猜,我喜欢哪一门功课?(which是连接代词,原语序为Which subject do I like best?)
注意:在宾语从句中,其语序为陈述句,其结构为:主句+连接代词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
2.连接副词引导的宾语从句的用法。
Can you tell me where we show our tickets? (where 为连接副词,其语序应当为:Where do we show our tickets?)
你能告诉我我们应当在哪里剪票吗?
Can you tell me how I can get the information? (how 为连接副词,其正常语序为:How can I get the information?)
你能告诉我怎样才能得到那些信息呢?
Do you know why he is often late for school? (why为连接副词,该句语序为:Why is he often late for school?)
你能告诉我他为什么常常迟到吗?
注意:常用于宾语从句中的连接副词主要有: why, how, where, when. 英语中连接副词与疑问代词是相同的。由连接副词引导的宾语从句为:主句+连接副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
3.以连词if或whether 引导的宾语从句。
I want to know if/whether you have already finished your work..
I'm not sure if/whether you will come to the party tomorrow.
I want to know if/whether you are a teacher.
whether/if 的意思是"是否",在宾语从句中是不能省略的,他们引导的原句都是一般疑问句。也就是说,当你判断该宾语从句的原句本该为一般疑问句,则在改为宾语从句时就应当用whether/if。
关于疑问词引导的宾语从句的教学建议
由于第四单元中学生刚刚学过由that 引导的宾语从句。宾语从句对于学生而言已经不是一个陌生的语法项目,但是宾语从句的难点却出现在这一部分。根据教学实践经验来看,学生在学习宾语从句时,最难掌握的是有关宾语从句语序问题。也就是说,学生在初学时会感到不适应。
而本单元则侧重讲述由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句。首先,教师要给学生讲清这两种连接词的定义。英语中连接代词有:who/whom, what, whose, which。然后利用第20课复习要点中的举例予以说明。
Please tell me who/whom we have to see.
Do you know what should they do next?
The boy asked whose coat it was?
Could you tell me which teacher is the most popular among your students?
最后,要向学生特别解释清楚,宾语从句的语序为:主句+连接代词+主语+谓语+其他成分。要重点强调虽然宾语从句仍然带有疑问句的含义,但是,从形式上不能再用疑问句的语序。例如:
What does he want to buy?→I don't know what he wants to buy.
(不能说:I don't know what does he want to buy.)
Who are we going to meet?→Can you tell me who we are going to meet?
(不能说:Can you tell me who are we going to meet?)
由连接副词引导的宾语从句的教学方法与疑问代词引导的宾语从句的教学方法相同。在英语中,连接副词有:when, where, why 和how。
连接副词在从句中担任某一句子成分,具有一定的意义。现举例来说明该类宾语从句的用法:
He doesn't know why his friends like English so much.
He couldn't remember where he put his book.
Could you tell us where we'll have the meeting.
Her husband didn't tell her when he would be back.
The girl doesn't know when she must finish her homework.
同时指出,带有how的词组也可以引导宾语从句。例如:
Could you tell us how often you go abroad for holiday?
Could you tell us how long the meeting will last?
Do you know how far it is to the cinema?
Do you know how many students there are in your school?
&n
bsp; Please tell us how much your new blouse cost.
Please tell us how soon you will be back.
Can you tell us how old his brother is ?
同时应当向学生讲清楚,如果原句是一般疑问句,注意它在复合句中应当用if/whether来引导,语序也应当由原来的一般疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。
最后,让学生参考下面的例句来进行宾语从句的操练。
1. A: Please tell me why you were late for school this morning.
B: I got up too late and didn't catch the first bus. So I was late.
2. A: We don't know what we shall buy for my mother for her birthday.
B: What about a new scarf.
3. A: Can you tell me where I should change planes?
B: Look at your air ticket and you'll find the answer.
4. A: Do you know what I have to take with me for the trip?
B: Your camera, of course.
5. A: Could you tell me how I can find No. 3 Middle School, Madam?
B: Sorry! I don't know. Please ask the policeman over there.
关于读写能力的教学建议
一、 阅读训练
根据中学英语教学大纲的规定,在初中阶段,阅读能力的提高是相当重要的一项能力训练。要提高阅读理解的能力,原因是多方面的。但是有几点是十分关键的,其一,词汇,这是解决阅读语言障碍的基本保证;其二,提高阅读的速度,提高阅读速度是提高阅读效率的一个重要前提。其三,阅读技能,阅读技能的提高是阅读能力提高的一条捷径。在本单元我们重点介绍有关阅读的基本技能的训练。
在阅读过程中,时刻牢记五个"W"和一个"H"。在任何一个故事,一则新闻或一篇文章中,作者总是要向读者说明何人何时何地为什么怎么干了何事。用英语表示就是who, when, what, where, why 以及how。这就是我们说的五个"W"和一"H"。
在多数情况下,可以用五个"W"和一个"H"为线索来阅读任何一篇文章。因为作者采用多种方式来交代这条线索,或明或暗,在阅读理解的题目中,或部分或全部的考查这方面的信息。因此,只要牢牢抓住这五个方面的信息,就有可能抓住文章的脉络,弄清基本事实,养成良好的阅读习惯,逐步提高我们的阅读能力。
根据课文的内容,尽可能的设计一些问题,让学生在有限的时间内进行解答,并引导同学们在小组之间开展合作式学习,相互讨论相互启发。同时也可以充分利用课后练习中的问题,让学生两人之间进行讨论。
也可以结合第18课课文的内容,仿照课文,鼓励学生上网查询,以获取更多的相关信息,然后把内容带到班上来与同学进行"资源共享。"在有条件的学校,可以充分地利用这一资源。这是一条重要的学习策略,同学们不应当忽视。
二、写作训练
请用英语写一篇值日汇报,向你的同学们介绍一个你去过的农场(农村)。
[思路讲解]
做值日汇报,先要问候大家。告诉同学们你要介绍那是谁的农场(农村的位置)、它的大小。在那里有些什么庄稼、植物,还有哪些动物?有没有小河、湖泊? 你能在那儿干些什么?你最喜欢的是什么?
[范例点评]
Hello, everyone!(一般的问候语)
Today I'm going to tell you something about a farm. This is my uncle's farm.(交代谁的农场) It is in a small village near Nanjing.(地理位置)It is a big farm.(大小) My uncle and aunt grow rice and corn on the farm.(庄稼) And they also have many animals there. They have dogs, cows, chickens, sheep and horses.(动物)But they don't use the animals to do farm work any more; they use a tractor. It works faster and better.(农场的现代化)The farm is also very beautiful. There are a lot of flowers on the farm. And you can hear birds singing and sheep bleating(羊叫). There is also a small river on the farm. We can catch fish there or go skating in winter. (美丽的农场令人向往) I love my uncle's farm and I often go there to spend my holiday. Do you want to go with me next time?
That's all. Thank you.(结束语,与前面相呼应)
