M Unit 2 The universal language单元复习学案
词汇导练
1．The group is made up of local____________ (音乐家)who have been performing together for several years.
2．She is like a ____________ (蝴蝶)．She flits(掠过)in and out of people’s lives.
3．The restaurant certainly lived up to its ____________ (名声)；the food was delicious.
4. At last the Japanese had to accept an____________(无条件的)surrender.
5．The old lady ____________ (恐吓)her grandchildren with ghost stories.
6．The use of the library is a p____________，not a right.
7．Because there is so much u____________，the competition for jobs is fierce.
8．The youth like to follow the latest t____________ in fashion.
9．Zhang Yimou is a famous film d____________.
10．S____________ was abolished(废除)after the Civil War.
11．The____________(perform)received only pitying looks from his audience.
12．With practice he could speak French____________(fluent)．
1.musicians 2.butterfly 3.reputation 4.unconditional5.terrified 6.privilege 7.unemployment 8.trends9.director 10.Slavery 11.performance 12.fluently
短语汇集
1．________________ 相爱，坠入爱河
2．________________ 醉心于……，沉溺于……，由于……而忘乎所以
3．________________ 对……实施控制，控制
4．________________ 食言，收回承诺
5．________________ 参加选拔……
6．________________ 被处死
7．________________ 申请
8．________________ 和……交朋友
9．________________ 扎根于……之中
10．________________ 发财，赚钱
11．________________ 使停止，中断；打断，制止
12．________________ 征招……入伍
13．________________ 解散，解体，分手
1.fall in love 2.be drunk with 3.exercise control over4.break one’s promise 5.try out for 6.be condemned to death 7.apply for 8.make friends with 9.be anchored in 10.make a fortune 11.cut short 12.be drafted into13.break up
语句试译
1．(回归课本P18)Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City－there could not be a________setting!
可以想象在紫禁城里上演这部戏剧??不可能有比这更好的场景了！
2．(回归课本P19)Then Calaf says his own name aloud，________his future in Turandot’s hands.然后，卡拉夫大声地说出了自己的名字，把自己的未来托付给图兰朵。
3．(回归课本P27)The album included the song‘The Sound of Silence’，________was a number one________on the pop charts.
该唱片包括了当时在流行音乐排行榜上排名第一位的歌曲《寂静之声》。
4．(回归课本P31)They continue to have almost universal appeal today，______ ________they broke up in 1970.
今天他们仍有着全球性的吸引力，即使他们于1970年解散了。
1.better 2.leaving 3.which；hit 4.even though
核心知识
1cast(cast，cast，casting) vt. & vi. 投、掷、抛；挑选……扮演某角色；投下影子(或阴影)
(回归课本P18)Many great Chinese musicians，actors and singers were also cast.许多中国伟大的音乐家，演员和歌手也被挑选在其中扮演角色。
归纳拓展
cast light on/onto解释；给……提供线索
cast a new light on使某人对某事有新的认识
cast a shadow(over)(在某物上)投下影子(或阴影)
cast doubt on使怀疑
cast back回想；追溯
cast down(常用被动语态)使沮丧；使下降；推翻；毁灭
cast a vote 投票
cast n.(电影阵容)全体演员
例句探源
①(牛津P297)The play is being cast in both the US and Britain.目前正在英美两国挑选这部戏的演员。
②(朗文P294)At that time，the Cold War still cast a shadow (over) our children’s future.
当时，冷战仍然给我们孩子的未来笼罩上一层阴影。
③Candles cast a romantic light in the restaurant’s dinning room.烛光为饭店的餐厅增添了几分浪漫。
1．完成句子
你能解释这些数字的含义吗？
(1)Can you ______ ________ ________ ________the meaning of these figures?
答案：cast any light on
(2)树木在草坪上投下一片阴影。
The trees________ ________ ________the lawn.
答案：cast shadows across
(3)我无意怀疑玛丽对这个事情的描述。
I didn’t mean to________ ________ ________Mary’s description of the story.
答案：cast doubt on
(4)游客将硬币抛进喷泉。
Tourists______ ________ ________the fountain.
答案：cast coins into
2dare vi. 敢，敢于，胆敢
(回归课本P18)She even dares to try and exercise control over her father，the emperor of China，who has promised to allow her to choose her own husband.
她甚至敢于尝试并且控制自己的父亲，即中国皇帝，他曾经允诺她自己选择丈夫。
归纳拓展
(1)dare 用作情态动词时，多用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中。
(2)dare用作实义动词时，有人称和数的变化,肯定句中要跟带to的不定式，而在否定句或疑问句中不定式符号to可带可不带。
(3)I dare say.我敢说/我相信/可能/大概。
(4)How dare you！你竟敢！/你怎么敢！
例句探源
①(牛津P503)He didn’t dare (to) say what he thought.
他不敢说出他的想法。
②(朗文P507)I daren’t tell her.
我不敢告诉她。
③How dare you say that?
你怎么敢那么说呢？
④No one dared speak of it.
无人敢提及此事。
2．完成句子
(1)如果你敢违反规定，就会受到处罚的。
You will be punished if you ______ ______ the rules.
答案：dare break
(2)你敢一个人去那里吗？
Do you______ (______) ______there alone?
答案：dare (to) go
(3)我不敢进那座房子。
I ______ ______ ______ ______the house.
答案：didn’t dare go into
(4)你竟敢那样做！
How______ ______ ______that!
答案：dare you do
3.The little boy________out in the dark at night.
A．dares not to go B．dare not go
C．dares not go D．does not dare going
解析：选B。句意：“那个小男孩晚上不敢去黑暗的地方。”否定用dare not可确定dare用作情态动词，无人称和数的变化，后面须跟动词原形，所以选B。
3terrify v． 恐吓，使感到恐怖
(回归课本P19)Turandot is desperate to learn his name and threatens and terrifies Liu because she knows his name.
图兰朵极度渴望知道他的名字，于是他威胁恐吓Liu，因为Liu知道他的名字。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P2086)Flying terrifies her.
她害怕坐飞机。
②(朗文P2127)The children were terrified of the dog.
孩子们害怕那只狗。
③Spending a night in jail was a terrifying experience.
在监狱里过一夜是一次极其可怕的经历。
4．完成句子
(1)他吓唬那个小孩让他呆在原处。
He______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______as he was.
答案：terrified the little child into staying
(2)我第一次看见老虎时吓坏了。
I ______ ______ ______the tiger when I first saw it.
答案：was terrified at
(3)我们如何克服这些可怕的想法呢？
How do we conquer these________thoughts?
答案：terrifying
5.The________look on the girl’s face showed that she was greatly terrified at the ________news.
A．terrified；terrifying
B．terrified；terrified
C．terrifying；terrifying
D．terrifying；terrified
解析：选A。句意：“女孩脸上恐惧的表情表明被那令人害怕的消息吓着了。”terrified感到害怕的，恐惧的；terrifying令人害怕的，恐怖的。
4desire vi.&vt. 愿望，渴望，欲望
n． 愿望，渴望，欲望；渴望的人
(回归课本P25)It had always been one of my strongest desires to have a part in Turandot.
在图兰朵中扮演一个角色一直都是我最大的愿望之一。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①One woman had expressed a strong desire to learn to read.
一位女士已经表现出学习阅读的强烈欲望。
②(朗文P547)Power is used by those desiring to fulfill their objective.权力被那些渴望实现自己目标的人所利用。
③Ellman’s goal is highly desirable，but unfortunately not realistic.
埃尔曼的目标是很好的，但不现实。
6．完成句子
(1)女王很想马上见你。
The Queen______ ______ ______you at once.
答案：desires to see
(2)他母亲希望他立即来。
His mother desires that he (______) ______at once.
答案：(should) come
(3)她渴望回家。
She had a strong desire______ ______home.
答案：to go
5decline vi. & n． 衰败；衰落；下降
(回归课本P30)From the early 1930s to the early 1950s，traditional jazz went into a bit of a decline，and was replaced in popularity by a new kind of music known as swing.
从二十世纪三十年代初至二十世纪五十年代初，传统的爵士乐进入了衰败的状态，被新流行起来的一种叫摇摆乐的音乐所取代了。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P524)Computer sales declined 2.1 percent this year.
今年，计算机销售下降了2.1%。
②(牛津P518)I offered to give them a lift but they declined.
我主动邀请他们搭车，但他们婉言谢绝了。
③The town fell into a decline after the mine closed.
这个镇在矿井关闭后开始衰落。
易混辨析
decline，refuse，reject
(1)decline指婉言谢绝，较正式，有礼貌。
(2)refuse指坚决、果断地拒绝。
(3)reject指以否定或敌对的态度当面拒绝。
①We asked him to come，but he refused.
②The board rejected all our ideas.
③We asked them to come to our party，but they declined (the invitation)．
7.The financial crisis has led to a sharp ________ in profits in many factories.
A．decline B．increase
C．deadline D．bankruptcy
解析：选A。考查词义辨析。A意为“减少，下降”，B“增加，增长”，C“最后期限”，D“破产”。句意：这次金融危机致使许多企业利润下降。故A项正确。
8．Offered the position of chairman，Mr.Smith ________，preferring to keep his current job.
A．decreased B．retired
C．left D．declined
解析：选D。decline指礼貌地拒绝提议或邀请。句意：让史密斯先生担任主席时，他婉言拒绝了，却宁愿干目前的工作。decrease“减少”；retire“退休”；leave“离开”。
9.（2011年江苏安陵中学高三联考）She ________ my invitation because of an appointment.
A．refused B．rejected
C．declined D．decreased
解析：选C。句意：因为有约会，她谢绝了我的邀请。此题考查动词辨析。refuse，reject，decline都表示“拒绝”。refuse是普通用语，强调态度坚决；reject强调不能答应、当面拒绝或不予采纳不合理的见解、建议等，后接介词as，for等；decline强调委婉的拒绝。decrease“下降，减少”。根据句意，答案为C。
6be drunk with... 陶醉于，醉心于，沉溺于……，因……忘乎所以
(回归课本P18)In the story ，Turandot is drunk with power.
在这个故事中，图兰朵醉心于权力。
归纳拓展
drunk (1)drink 的过去分词；(2)adj.(常作表语)(酒)醉的；陶醉的，兴奋的；(3)n.醉汉；酒鬼；酗酒者
drunken adj.(常作定语)(酒)醉的
be dead/blind/half drunk烂醉/半醉
be drunk with...陶醉于……，沉醉于……
as drunk as a lord酩酊大醉,类似的表示“陶醉于……”“沉溺于……”的短语有：
be deep in沉溺于……
be absorbed in全神贯注于……；沉溺于……
be addicted to sth./doing sth.沉溺于……
be lost in沉溺于……
be buried in埋头于……
例句探源
①(牛津P618)She was too drunk to remember anything about the party.
她喝得酩酊大醉，聚会上的事什么都记不得了。
②(朗文P628)A drunken teenager was arrested for vandalism.
一位醉酒的青少年因故意破坏公共财物而被捕。
③We were drunk with freedom.
自由令我们忘乎所以。
10．完成句子
(1)昨晚他回家时已经醉得一塌糊涂了。
He came home last night______ ______.
答案：blind drunk
(2)You shouldn’t quarrel with a ________(醉汉)．
答案：drunk
(3)They were________(陶醉于)with success.
答案：drunk
11.As the teenagers are easily________with Internet games，it is necessary to make a limit to them.
A．frozen B．absorbed
C．involved D．drunk
解析：选D。句意：“由于青少年很容易沉迷于网络游戏，所以限制他们是必要的”be drunk with 沉迷于……；be absorbed in沉溺于……；be involved in涉及……
7exercise control over 对……实施控制，控制
(回归课本P18)She even dares to try and exercise control over her father，the emperor of China，who has promised to allow her to choose her own husband.
她甚至敢于尝试并控制自己的父亲，即中国皇帝，(他)曾经允诺女儿由她自己选择丈夫。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P438)Exercise and diet have brought Young’s weight under control.
锻炼和节食已使扬的体重得到了控制。
②The situation quickly got out of control and the police were called in.
形势很快失控，有人叫来了警察。
③There has been some violence after the match，but the police are now in control of the situation.
比赛后发生了一些暴力事件，但是现在警方已控制了局势。
12．用适当的介词填空
(1)The government is________complete control of the situation.
答案：in
(2)Your mother’s illness is ________control.
答案：under
(3)This situation is getting from bad to worse，which is ________ ________control.
答案：out of
(4)We should not exercise too strict control________the use of educational funds.
答案：over
8be condemned to death 被处死
(回归课本P21)If they guess wrong，they will be condemned to death.如果他们猜错了，他们就会被处死。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P410)The editor of the newspaper was condemned as lacking integrity.这家报纸的编辑被指责为不够公正。
②(朗文P412)Giany knew that society would condemn her for leaving her children.
金尼知道社会会谴责她遗弃自己的孩子。
③He was convicted of first degree murder and condemned to death.
他被定为一级谋杀罪并被判了死刑。
④If you don’t learn from the past，you’re condemned to repeat its mistakes.
如果你不从过去吸取教训的话，就注定要重复以前的错误。
13．完成句子
(1)这个犯人一定会被判死刑。
The prisoner is sure to______ ______ ______ ______.
答案：be condemned to death
(2)我们因为他行为不良而责备他。
We______ ______ ______his bad conduct.
答案：condemned him for
14.The judge________the criminal to ten years in jail.
A．condemned B．abused
C．accused D．transformed
解析：选A。句意：法官判处那个罪犯十年徒刑。condemn“判刑”；abuse“滥用，虐待”；accuse“控告”；transform“使改变”。
9cut short 使停止，中断；打断；制止
(回归课本P31)Elvis’musical life was cut short when he was drafted into the army in 1958.
当埃尔维斯1958年被征召入伍时，他的音乐生活就中断了。
归纳拓展
cut in 插嘴；突然插入
cut off切掉，剪下；切断，断绝
cut out切掉；删掉
cut through开辟(出路或通道)
cut up切碎；使痛心
cut into halves/cut in half切成两半
cut down砍倒；削减；压缩
例句探源
①(朗文P496)I tried to explain but she cut me short.
我想要解释，但她打断了我。
②The tenday mission was cut short when one of the shuttle’s navigation devices failed.
其中一艘飞船的导航装置发生故障，导致为期10天的任务被迫中止。
③(牛津P494)She kept cutting in on our conversation.
我们谈话时她老是插嘴。
④We were cut off in the middle of our conversation.
我们电话打到一半就断线了。
15．完成句子
(1)他的事业因疾病而中断。
His career was ______ ______by illness.
答案：cut short
(2)我们说话时别插嘴。
Don’t ______ ______on our conversation.
答案：cut in
(3)父亲停止给我生活费了。
My father has______ ______the supplies.
答案：cut off
(4)你可以删掉不重要的细节。
You can______ ______the unimportant details.
答案：cut out
16.（2010年湖北武汉高三测试）The boy was________in the middle of his call because he had no more coins to put in the box.
A．cut off B．broken in
C．hung up D．put down
解析：选A。句意：“因为没有硬币可投了，小孩的电话打到一半就断了。”cut off中断。
10break up 解散，拆散；解体；分手，(关系)破裂；结束；散会，放假
(回归课本P31)They continue to have almost universal appeal today，even though they broke up in 1970.
尽管他们在1970年就解散了，但他们今天仍旧几乎对所有的人都有吸引力。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P234)The ship broke up on the rocks.
船触礁撞碎了。
②(朗文P230)Force was used to break up the rally.
动用了军队来驱散集会。
③What year did the Beatles break up?
甲壳虫乐队是哪一年解散的？
④The meeting broke up at 11∶00 .
会议在十一点结束。
17．用break的短语填空
(1)We are sorry to arrive late，but the car ________ ________.
答案：broke down
(2)Their marriage ________ ________ ten years ago.
答案：broke up
(3)Chemicals in our body ________ ________ our food into useful things.
答案：break down
18.The old car ________ on the way and couldn’t start again.
A．broke up B．broke down
C．broke in D．broke off
解析：选B。短语辨析题。break down意思是“坏了，抛锚”。其他答案有一定的干扰性；break up意思是“分解，分散”；break off意思是“折断，断掉”；break in意思是“闯入”。
19．During the Second World War lots of families ________ and a large number of people became homeless.
A．broke up B．broke out
C．broke off D．broke down
解析：选A。本题考查了短语辨析。break out意思是“爆发，发生”；break off意思是“折断，断掉，中断”；break up和break down都有“分解”的意思，然而break up还有“驱散，分离”的意思。
句型解析
1【教材原句】 Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City－there could not be a better setting！(P18)
可以想象在紫禁城里表演这样的歌剧??不可能有再好的背景了！
【句法分析】 not...better“比较级与否定词连用”可表示最高级之意。
①I couldn’t agree more on it.
关于此事我再同意不过了。(我非常同意此事)
下列结构均表示最高级意义：
(1)never和完成时连用
②I have never seen such a glorious sunrise.我从来没有看到过如此壮观的日出。
③Never before have so many people taken part in the movement.从来没有这么多人参加这个活动。
(2)否定词＋so/as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as...
④Nothing in my life shook me so deeply as my first visit to China.
在我的一生中给我震撼最大的是我第一次到中国访问。
(3)as...as ever...
⑤He was as brave a man as ever lived in the country.
他是这个国家无与伦比的勇士。
(4)比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词；
比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词；
比较级＋than＋all the others；
比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词；
比较级＋than＋any of the others；
比较级＋than＋anything/anyone else＋比较范围
⑥She sang better than anyone else in the country.
她比这个国家的任何人唱得都好。
20．?Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
?Yes.I’ve never been to________one before.
A．a more excited B．the most excited
C．a more exciting D．the most exciting
解析：选C。考查形容词的比较级。比较级用在否定句中表示最高级含义。所以选C。
21.(2011年江西十所重点中学模拟)?Are you happy with this library?
?Not a little.We can’t have________.
A．a worse one B．a nicer one
C．such a worse one D．such a nicer one
解析：选B。解题的关键是对not a little的理解，其意为“许多，很”。答语表示对图书馆非常满
意，故B项正确，此处是形容词的比较级表示最高级含义。
22.(2011年河北保定调研)What a beautiful design for our new teaching building！I’ve never seen________one before.
A．a good B．a better
C．a best D．the best
解析：选B。考查形容词比较级。句中进行了比较，故用a better。
23．(2010年合肥检测)With some snow on top of it，the Yellow Mountain looked fantastic this winter.Actually，I doubt whether we could visit________mountain in China.
A．a most beautiful B．the most beautiful
C．a more beautiful D．a beautiful
解析：选C。考查形容词的比较等级。这里用形容词的比较级表示最高级的含义。
2【教材原句】 Then Calaf says his own name aloud，leaving_his future in Turandot’s hands.(P19)
卡拉夫接着大声说出了自己的名字，把他的未来交到了图兰朵的手中。
【句法分析】 leave表示“使……处于某种状态”，可构成“leave＋宾语＋宾补(doing，done，to do，adv.，adj.，介词短语)”结构。
①He hurried home，leaving his keys in the office.
他匆忙回家把钥匙忘在了办公室。
②He went to America，leaving his son in the countryside.
他去美国了，把儿子留在了乡下。
24．完成句子
(1)别让门开着。
Don’t ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：leave the door open
(2)这场病使得她身体很虚。
The illness________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：has left her weak
(3)工作不要半途而废。
Don’t ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：leave your work half done
(4)她任凭孩子哭个不停。
She ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：left her baby crying
(5)他父母去世了，他成了一个孤儿。
His parents dies，________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：leaving him an orphan
(6)让一切维持原状。
Leave things________ ________ ________.
词汇导练
1．The group is made up of local____________ (音乐家)who have been performing together for several years.
2．She is like a ____________ (蝴蝶)．She flits(掠过)in and out of people’s lives.
3．The restaurant certainly lived up to its ____________ (名声)；the food was delicious.
4. At last the Japanese had to accept an____________(无条件的)surrender.
5．The old lady ____________ (恐吓)her grandchildren with ghost stories.
6．The use of the library is a p____________，not a right.
7．Because there is so much u____________，the competition for jobs is fierce.
8．The youth like to follow the latest t____________ in fashion.
9．Zhang Yimou is a famous film d____________.
10．S____________ was abolished(废除)after the Civil War.
11．The____________(perform)received only pitying looks from his audience.
12．With practice he could speak French____________(fluent)．
1.musicians 2.butterfly 3.reputation 4.unconditional5.terrified 6.privilege 7.unemployment 8.trends9.director 10.Slavery 11.performance 12.fluently
短语汇集
1．________________ 相爱，坠入爱河
2．________________ 醉心于……，沉溺于……，由于……而忘乎所以
3．________________ 对……实施控制，控制
4．________________ 食言，收回承诺
5．________________ 参加选拔……
6．________________ 被处死
7．________________ 申请
8．________________ 和……交朋友
9．________________ 扎根于……之中
10．________________ 发财，赚钱
11．________________ 使停止，中断；打断，制止
12．________________ 征招……入伍
13．________________ 解散，解体，分手
1.fall in love 2.be drunk with 3.exercise control over4.break one’s promise 5.try out for 6.be condemned to death 7.apply for 8.make friends with 9.be anchored in 10.make a fortune 11.cut short 12.be drafted into13.break up
语句试译
1．(回归课本P18)Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City－there could not be a________setting!
可以想象在紫禁城里上演这部戏剧??不可能有比这更好的场景了！
2．(回归课本P19)Then Calaf says his own name aloud，________his future in Turandot’s hands.然后，卡拉夫大声地说出了自己的名字，把自己的未来托付给图兰朵。
3．(回归课本P27)The album included the song‘The Sound of Silence’，________was a number one________on the pop charts.
该唱片包括了当时在流行音乐排行榜上排名第一位的歌曲《寂静之声》。
4．(回归课本P31)They continue to have almost universal appeal today，______ ________they broke up in 1970.
今天他们仍有着全球性的吸引力，即使他们于1970年解散了。
1.better 2.leaving 3.which；hit 4.even though
核心知识
1cast(cast，cast，casting) vt. & vi. 投、掷、抛；挑选……扮演某角色；投下影子(或阴影)
(回归课本P18)Many great Chinese musicians，actors and singers were also cast.许多中国伟大的音乐家，演员和歌手也被挑选在其中扮演角色。
归纳拓展
cast light on/onto解释；给……提供线索
cast a new light on使某人对某事有新的认识
cast a shadow(over)(在某物上)投下影子(或阴影)
cast doubt on使怀疑
cast back回想；追溯
cast down(常用被动语态)使沮丧；使下降；推翻；毁灭
cast a vote 投票
cast n.(电影阵容)全体演员
例句探源
①(牛津P297)The play is being cast in both the US and Britain.目前正在英美两国挑选这部戏的演员。
②(朗文P294)At that time，the Cold War still cast a shadow (over) our children’s future.
当时，冷战仍然给我们孩子的未来笼罩上一层阴影。
③Candles cast a romantic light in the restaurant’s dinning room.烛光为饭店的餐厅增添了几分浪漫。
1．完成句子
你能解释这些数字的含义吗？
(1)Can you ______ ________ ________ ________the meaning of these figures?
答案：cast any light on
(2)树木在草坪上投下一片阴影。
The trees________ ________ ________the lawn.
答案：cast shadows across
(3)我无意怀疑玛丽对这个事情的描述。
I didn’t mean to________ ________ ________Mary’s description of the story.
答案：cast doubt on
(4)游客将硬币抛进喷泉。
Tourists______ ________ ________the fountain.
答案：cast coins into
2dare vi. 敢，敢于，胆敢
(回归课本P18)She even dares to try and exercise control over her father，the emperor of China，who has promised to allow her to choose her own husband.
她甚至敢于尝试并且控制自己的父亲，即中国皇帝，他曾经允诺她自己选择丈夫。
归纳拓展
(1)dare 用作情态动词时，多用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中。
(2)dare用作实义动词时，有人称和数的变化,肯定句中要跟带to的不定式，而在否定句或疑问句中不定式符号to可带可不带。
(3)I dare say.我敢说/我相信/可能/大概。
(4)How dare you！你竟敢！/你怎么敢！
例句探源
①(牛津P503)He didn’t dare (to) say what he thought.
他不敢说出他的想法。
②(朗文P507)I daren’t tell her.
我不敢告诉她。
③How dare you say that?
你怎么敢那么说呢？
④No one dared speak of it.
无人敢提及此事。
2．完成句子
(1)如果你敢违反规定，就会受到处罚的。
You will be punished if you ______ ______ the rules.
答案：dare break
(2)你敢一个人去那里吗？
Do you______ (______) ______there alone?
答案：dare (to) go
(3)我不敢进那座房子。
I ______ ______ ______ ______the house.
答案：didn’t dare go into
(4)你竟敢那样做！
How______ ______ ______that!
答案：dare you do
3.The little boy________out in the dark at night.
A．dares not to go B．dare not go
C．dares not go D．does not dare going
解析：选B。句意：“那个小男孩晚上不敢去黑暗的地方。”否定用dare not可确定dare用作情态动词，无人称和数的变化，后面须跟动词原形，所以选B。
3terrify v． 恐吓，使感到恐怖
(回归课本P19)Turandot is desperate to learn his name and threatens and terrifies Liu because she knows his name.
图兰朵极度渴望知道他的名字，于是他威胁恐吓Liu，因为Liu知道他的名字。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P2086)Flying terrifies her.
她害怕坐飞机。
②(朗文P2127)The children were terrified of the dog.
孩子们害怕那只狗。
③Spending a night in jail was a terrifying experience.
在监狱里过一夜是一次极其可怕的经历。
4．完成句子
(1)他吓唬那个小孩让他呆在原处。
He______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______as he was.
答案：terrified the little child into staying
(2)我第一次看见老虎时吓坏了。
I ______ ______ ______the tiger when I first saw it.
答案：was terrified at
(3)我们如何克服这些可怕的想法呢？
How do we conquer these________thoughts?
答案：terrifying
5.The________look on the girl’s face showed that she was greatly terrified at the ________news.
A．terrified；terrifying
B．terrified；terrified
C．terrifying；terrifying
D．terrifying；terrified
解析：选A。句意：“女孩脸上恐惧的表情表明被那令人害怕的消息吓着了。”terrified感到害怕的，恐惧的；terrifying令人害怕的，恐怖的。
4desire vi.&vt. 愿望，渴望，欲望
n． 愿望，渴望，欲望；渴望的人
(回归课本P25)It had always been one of my strongest desires to have a part in Turandot.
在图兰朵中扮演一个角色一直都是我最大的愿望之一。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①One woman had expressed a strong desire to learn to read.
一位女士已经表现出学习阅读的强烈欲望。
②(朗文P547)Power is used by those desiring to fulfill their objective.权力被那些渴望实现自己目标的人所利用。
③Ellman’s goal is highly desirable，but unfortunately not realistic.
埃尔曼的目标是很好的，但不现实。
6．完成句子
(1)女王很想马上见你。
The Queen______ ______ ______you at once.
答案：desires to see
(2)他母亲希望他立即来。
His mother desires that he (______) ______at once.
答案：(should) come
(3)她渴望回家。
She had a strong desire______ ______home.
答案：to go
5decline vi. & n． 衰败；衰落；下降
(回归课本P30)From the early 1930s to the early 1950s，traditional jazz went into a bit of a decline，and was replaced in popularity by a new kind of music known as swing.
从二十世纪三十年代初至二十世纪五十年代初，传统的爵士乐进入了衰败的状态，被新流行起来的一种叫摇摆乐的音乐所取代了。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P524)Computer sales declined 2.1 percent this year.
今年，计算机销售下降了2.1%。
②(牛津P518)I offered to give them a lift but they declined.
我主动邀请他们搭车，但他们婉言谢绝了。
③The town fell into a decline after the mine closed.
这个镇在矿井关闭后开始衰落。
易混辨析
decline，refuse，reject
(1)decline指婉言谢绝，较正式，有礼貌。
(2)refuse指坚决、果断地拒绝。
(3)reject指以否定或敌对的态度当面拒绝。
①We asked him to come，but he refused.
②The board rejected all our ideas.
③We asked them to come to our party，but they declined (the invitation)．
7.The financial crisis has led to a sharp ________ in profits in many factories.
A．decline B．increase
C．deadline D．bankruptcy
解析：选A。考查词义辨析。A意为“减少，下降”，B“增加，增长”，C“最后期限”，D“破产”。句意：这次金融危机致使许多企业利润下降。故A项正确。
8．Offered the position of chairman，Mr.Smith ________，preferring to keep his current job.
A．decreased B．retired
C．left D．declined
解析：选D。decline指礼貌地拒绝提议或邀请。句意：让史密斯先生担任主席时，他婉言拒绝了，却宁愿干目前的工作。decrease“减少”；retire“退休”；leave“离开”。
9.（2011年江苏安陵中学高三联考）She ________ my invitation because of an appointment.
A．refused B．rejected
C．declined D．decreased
解析：选C。句意：因为有约会，她谢绝了我的邀请。此题考查动词辨析。refuse，reject，decline都表示“拒绝”。refuse是普通用语，强调态度坚决；reject强调不能答应、当面拒绝或不予采纳不合理的见解、建议等，后接介词as，for等；decline强调委婉的拒绝。decrease“下降，减少”。根据句意，答案为C。
6be drunk with... 陶醉于，醉心于，沉溺于……，因……忘乎所以
(回归课本P18)In the story ，Turandot is drunk with power.
在这个故事中，图兰朵醉心于权力。
归纳拓展
drunk (1)drink 的过去分词；(2)adj.(常作表语)(酒)醉的；陶醉的，兴奋的；(3)n.醉汉；酒鬼；酗酒者
drunken adj.(常作定语)(酒)醉的
be dead/blind/half drunk烂醉/半醉
be drunk with...陶醉于……，沉醉于……
as drunk as a lord酩酊大醉,类似的表示“陶醉于……”“沉溺于……”的短语有：
be deep in沉溺于……
be absorbed in全神贯注于……；沉溺于……
be addicted to sth./doing sth.沉溺于……
be lost in沉溺于……
be buried in埋头于……
例句探源
①(牛津P618)She was too drunk to remember anything about the party.
她喝得酩酊大醉，聚会上的事什么都记不得了。
②(朗文P628)A drunken teenager was arrested for vandalism.
一位醉酒的青少年因故意破坏公共财物而被捕。
③We were drunk with freedom.
自由令我们忘乎所以。
10．完成句子
(1)昨晚他回家时已经醉得一塌糊涂了。
He came home last night______ ______.
答案：blind drunk
(2)You shouldn’t quarrel with a ________(醉汉)．
答案：drunk
(3)They were________(陶醉于)with success.
答案：drunk
11.As the teenagers are easily________with Internet games，it is necessary to make a limit to them.
A．frozen B．absorbed
C．involved D．drunk
解析：选D。句意：“由于青少年很容易沉迷于网络游戏，所以限制他们是必要的”be drunk with 沉迷于……；be absorbed in沉溺于……；be involved in涉及……
7exercise control over 对……实施控制，控制
(回归课本P18)She even dares to try and exercise control over her father，the emperor of China，who has promised to allow her to choose her own husband.
她甚至敢于尝试并控制自己的父亲，即中国皇帝，(他)曾经允诺女儿由她自己选择丈夫。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P438)Exercise and diet have brought Young’s weight under control.
锻炼和节食已使扬的体重得到了控制。
②The situation quickly got out of control and the police were called in.
形势很快失控，有人叫来了警察。
③There has been some violence after the match，but the police are now in control of the situation.
比赛后发生了一些暴力事件，但是现在警方已控制了局势。
12．用适当的介词填空
(1)The government is________complete control of the situation.
答案：in
(2)Your mother’s illness is ________control.
答案：under
(3)This situation is getting from bad to worse，which is ________ ________control.
答案：out of
(4)We should not exercise too strict control________the use of educational funds.
答案：over
8be condemned to death 被处死
(回归课本P21)If they guess wrong，they will be condemned to death.如果他们猜错了，他们就会被处死。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P410)The editor of the newspaper was condemned as lacking integrity.这家报纸的编辑被指责为不够公正。
②(朗文P412)Giany knew that society would condemn her for leaving her children.
金尼知道社会会谴责她遗弃自己的孩子。
③He was convicted of first degree murder and condemned to death.
他被定为一级谋杀罪并被判了死刑。
④If you don’t learn from the past，you’re condemned to repeat its mistakes.
如果你不从过去吸取教训的话，就注定要重复以前的错误。
13．完成句子
(1)这个犯人一定会被判死刑。
The prisoner is sure to______ ______ ______ ______.
答案：be condemned to death
(2)我们因为他行为不良而责备他。
We______ ______ ______his bad conduct.
答案：condemned him for
14.The judge________the criminal to ten years in jail.
A．condemned B．abused
C．accused D．transformed
解析：选A。句意：法官判处那个罪犯十年徒刑。condemn“判刑”；abuse“滥用，虐待”；accuse“控告”；transform“使改变”。
9cut short 使停止，中断；打断；制止
(回归课本P31)Elvis’musical life was cut short when he was drafted into the army in 1958.
当埃尔维斯1958年被征召入伍时，他的音乐生活就中断了。
归纳拓展
cut in 插嘴；突然插入
cut off切掉，剪下；切断，断绝
cut out切掉；删掉
cut through开辟(出路或通道)
cut up切碎；使痛心
cut into halves/cut in half切成两半
cut down砍倒；削减；压缩
例句探源
①(朗文P496)I tried to explain but she cut me short.
我想要解释，但她打断了我。
②The tenday mission was cut short when one of the shuttle’s navigation devices failed.
其中一艘飞船的导航装置发生故障，导致为期10天的任务被迫中止。
③(牛津P494)She kept cutting in on our conversation.
我们谈话时她老是插嘴。
④We were cut off in the middle of our conversation.
我们电话打到一半就断线了。
15．完成句子
(1)他的事业因疾病而中断。
His career was ______ ______by illness.
答案：cut short
(2)我们说话时别插嘴。
Don’t ______ ______on our conversation.
答案：cut in
(3)父亲停止给我生活费了。
My father has______ ______the supplies.
答案：cut off
(4)你可以删掉不重要的细节。
You can______ ______the unimportant details.
答案：cut out
16.（2010年湖北武汉高三测试）The boy was________in the middle of his call because he had no more coins to put in the box.
A．cut off B．broken in
C．hung up D．put down
解析：选A。句意：“因为没有硬币可投了，小孩的电话打到一半就断了。”cut off中断。
10break up 解散，拆散；解体；分手，(关系)破裂；结束；散会，放假
(回归课本P31)They continue to have almost universal appeal today，even though they broke up in 1970.
尽管他们在1970年就解散了，但他们今天仍旧几乎对所有的人都有吸引力。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P234)The ship broke up on the rocks.
船触礁撞碎了。
②(朗文P230)Force was used to break up the rally.
动用了军队来驱散集会。
③What year did the Beatles break up?
甲壳虫乐队是哪一年解散的？
④The meeting broke up at 11∶00 .
会议在十一点结束。
17．用break的短语填空
(1)We are sorry to arrive late，but the car ________ ________.
答案：broke down
(2)Their marriage ________ ________ ten years ago.
答案：broke up
(3)Chemicals in our body ________ ________ our food into useful things.
答案：break down
18.The old car ________ on the way and couldn’t start again.
A．broke up B．broke down
C．broke in D．broke off
解析：选B。短语辨析题。break down意思是“坏了，抛锚”。其他答案有一定的干扰性；break up意思是“分解，分散”；break off意思是“折断，断掉”；break in意思是“闯入”。
19．During the Second World War lots of families ________ and a large number of people became homeless.
A．broke up B．broke out
C．broke off D．broke down
解析：选A。本题考查了短语辨析。break out意思是“爆发，发生”；break off意思是“折断，断掉，中断”；break up和break down都有“分解”的意思，然而break up还有“驱散，分离”的意思。
句型解析
1【教材原句】 Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City－there could not be a better setting！(P18)
可以想象在紫禁城里表演这样的歌剧??不可能有再好的背景了！
【句法分析】 not...better“比较级与否定词连用”可表示最高级之意。
①I couldn’t agree more on it.
关于此事我再同意不过了。(我非常同意此事)
下列结构均表示最高级意义：
(1)never和完成时连用
②I have never seen such a glorious sunrise.我从来没有看到过如此壮观的日出。
③Never before have so many people taken part in the movement.从来没有这么多人参加这个活动。
(2)否定词＋so/as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as...
④Nothing in my life shook me so deeply as my first visit to China.
在我的一生中给我震撼最大的是我第一次到中国访问。
(3)as...as ever...
⑤He was as brave a man as ever lived in the country.
他是这个国家无与伦比的勇士。
(4)比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词；
比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词；
比较级＋than＋all the others；
比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词；
比较级＋than＋any of the others；
比较级＋than＋anything/anyone else＋比较范围
⑥She sang better than anyone else in the country.
她比这个国家的任何人唱得都好。
20．?Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
?Yes.I’ve never been to________one before.
A．a more excited B．the most excited
C．a more exciting D．the most exciting
解析：选C。考查形容词的比较级。比较级用在否定句中表示最高级含义。所以选C。
21.(2011年江西十所重点中学模拟)?Are you happy with this library?
?Not a little.We can’t have________.
A．a worse one B．a nicer one
C．such a worse one D．such a nicer one
解析：选B。解题的关键是对not a little的理解，其意为“许多，很”。答语表示对图书馆非常满
意，故B项正确，此处是形容词的比较级表示最高级含义。
22.(2011年河北保定调研)What a beautiful design for our new teaching building！I’ve never seen________one before.
A．a good B．a better
C．a best D．the best
解析：选B。考查形容词比较级。句中进行了比较，故用a better。
23．(2010年合肥检测)With some snow on top of it，the Yellow Mountain looked fantastic this winter.Actually，I doubt whether we could visit________mountain in China.
A．a most beautiful B．the most beautiful
C．a more beautiful D．a beautiful
解析：选C。考查形容词的比较等级。这里用形容词的比较级表示最高级的含义。
2【教材原句】 Then Calaf says his own name aloud，leaving_his future in Turandot’s hands.(P19)
卡拉夫接着大声说出了自己的名字，把他的未来交到了图兰朵的手中。
【句法分析】 leave表示“使……处于某种状态”，可构成“leave＋宾语＋宾补(doing，done，to do，adv.，adj.，介词短语)”结构。
①He hurried home，leaving his keys in the office.
他匆忙回家把钥匙忘在了办公室。
②He went to America，leaving his son in the countryside.
他去美国了，把儿子留在了乡下。
24．完成句子
(1)别让门开着。
Don’t ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：leave the door open
(2)这场病使得她身体很虚。
The illness________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：has left her weak
(3)工作不要半途而废。
Don’t ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：leave your work half done
(4)她任凭孩子哭个不停。
She ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：left her baby crying
(5)他父母去世了，他成了一个孤儿。
His parents dies，________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：leaving him an orphan
(6)让一切维持原状。
Leave things________ ________ ________.
