2011-2012学年高一英语必修1（冀教版）素材（含教案和练习）
Unit 7 To Your Good Health
一. 内容：
Unit 7 To Your Good Health
二. 重点：
1. 重点单词：
fitness, mean, work, physical, focus, stay, balance, everyday, enjoyable, locate, wish, build, name, stomach, advice, contain, key, suggest, attempt, aware, serve
2. 重点短语：a little, go shopping, have some fun, by now, according to, be made up of, live up to, pay attention to, stand for, take … for, granted, result in, in (good/ bad) shape, turn to, in charge of
3. 重点句型：
（1）that 在定语从句中作主语
（2）if 虚拟条件句
4. 语法：
（1）本单元重点学习v-ing的一般用法
（2）kinds of sentences (I)
三. 重难点解释：
1. Perhaps you play with your friends.
play with 和……一起玩
例句: Can Bob come out to play with me? 鲍勃能出来和我玩儿吗？
The children were playing with their train set. 孩子们正在玩火车玩具。
2. Perhaps you go shopping with your mother.
goq shopping 买东西 go+doing 结构，表示“去干某事”。多指从事与体育和娱乐有关的活动。
短语拓展
(1) go fishing
(2) go dancing
(3) go boating
(4) go swimming
3. In fact, the more you use your body, the better it works.
the more…the more…表示“越…越…”，指的是两个事物在程度或是数量上作等量的增加或减少。
注意：在这种结构中，两者都要用比较级，可以是形容词比较级也可以是副词的比较级。
例句: The more I read the book, the more I like it. 这本书我越读越喜欢。
The sooner you finish the work, the better it is. 这项工作你完成得越早越好。
4. Being fit helps you to stay alert and focus on your lessons.
focus on专注于；对准
例句: A nearsighted person cannot focus on distant objects.
近视的人无法把焦点对准远处的事物。
I focused my camera on her. 我把照相机对准她。
We must focus (our attention) on urgent problems.
我们必须把注意力集中在紧急问题上。
5. You will fall asleep at night easier and wake up feeling better.
fall asleep 睡着
wake up 醒来
6. Remember, keep everything in balance.
keep sth in balance 保持平衡
例句: The boy keeps the seesaw in balance. 这个男孩儿让跷跷板保持平衡。
短语拓展
(1) in the balance 悬而未决；犹豫
例句：The future of the nation is in the balance. 国家的前途安危未卜。
(2) off balance 不稳
(3) keep one’s balance 保持平衡，保持镇静
例句：Don’t get excited, keep your balance. 不要冲动，保持镇静。
(4)lose one’s balance 失去平衡，摔倒，心慌意乱
例句：He was surrounded by so many dangers that he lost his balance.
他为很多危险所困扰，因此心绪慌乱。
例句：Their suggestion has, on balance, proved practicable.
总的说来,他们的建议已被证明是可行的。
7. You will get better and better at physical activities, and have more and more fun playing games and doing things with your friends.
have fun 有乐趣，过得愉快
例句: You are sure to have fun at the party tonight. 你在今晚的聚会上一定会玩儿得很开心。
He likes having fun with his friends. 他喜欢和他的朋友们一起玩儿。
短语拓展
(1) for fun为了高兴
例句：He is learning English for fun. 他是为了好玩才学英语的。
I’m learning to cook, just for fun of it. 我正在学习做饭，做着玩儿而已。
(2) in fun 开玩笑，闹着玩儿
例句：He only said it in fun－he didn’t really mean it. 他只是说着玩儿――并非真是那个意思。
(3) make fun of 取笑
例句：It is cruel to make fun of people who stammer. 嘲笑口吃的人未免不近人情。
8. The different systems in your body need to be taken care of in special ways.
need to be done=need doing 这是主动表被动，意思是“需要被做”。
take care of 照顾，照看
例句: The house needs to be repaired./The house needs repairing.
房子需要修了。
The question needed to be explained again./The question needs explaining again.
这个问题需要再解释一下。
We’ll take care of you when you are old. 你老了以后我们会照顾你。
短语拓展
(1) take care 当心，注意
例句：Take care not to smoke too much. 注意不要抽太多烟。
(2) care about 在乎，担心
例句：I don’t care about what people think. 我不在乎别人怎么想。
(3) care for 喜欢
例句：I don’t really care for red wine. 我其实并不喜欢红酒。
9. Your heart and lungs will be used to working hard for long periods of time.
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
例句: I am used to taking some coffee before going to bed.
我习惯睡觉前喝点咖啡。
He is not used to the weather here. 他不习惯这里的天气。
短语拓展
(1) used to do过去常做某事
例句: People used to believe that the earth was flat. 过去人们认为地球是方的。
They used to live in the downtown. 他们过去住在市中心。
(2) be used to do 被用来做某事
例句: Coal is mostly used to produce electricity. 煤主要用来发电。
This kind of wood can be used to make shelves..这种木材可以做书架。
10. My heart is located in my heart, slightly to the left side of the center.
be located in 位于……
例句：Our school is located in the center of the city. 我们学校座落在市中心。
11. I wish you all health and happiness.
wish sb sth 祝愿某人……
例句: Wish you good luck! 祝好运！
I wish you a happy new year! 祝你新年快乐！
短语拓展
(1) wish sb+adj
例句: I wish everything ready. 我希望万事俱备。
(2) wish sb to do sth
例句: What do you wish me to do? 你想让我做什么？
(3) wish+that从句（用虚拟语气）
例句: He wished that he had been at home when she came to see him.
他想，当时她来看他，他若在家该多好呀。
12. Overdo is made up of two words, over and do.
be made up of 由…组成，由…构成
例句: The committee is made up of seven members. 该委员会由七人组成。
All bodies are made up of atoms. 一切物体都是由原子组成的。
短语拓展
(1)be made of/from由..制成
例句：Her necklace is made from silver coins. 她的项链是由一串银币制成的。
(2)make out 看出，辨认出
例句：I can’t make her out in the crowd. 在人群中我认不出她来。
(3)be made out of 由…改制而成
例句: Her skirt is made out of her mother’s old one.
她的裙子由她妈妈的旧的改制的。
(4)make up 虚构；组成；化妆；补充
例句：The girls make up 40% in my class. 我们班女生占百分之四十。
Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。
13. live up to her dad’s expectations.
live up to符合，不辜负
例句: His work lives up to his reputation. 他的作品配得上他的名声。
You should live up to what your parents expect of you.
你应该不辜负父母对你的期望。
14. I don’t pay any attention to emphasis.
pay attention to 注意
例句: He didn’t pay any attention to me. 他没注意到我。
Too much attention was paid to the details. 太过于关注细节了。
短语拓展
(1) attract/catch one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
例句：She waved her hand to attract/catch my attention. 她挥手以吸引我的注意。
(2) devote one’s attention to 专心于
(3) fix one’s attention on 将注意力集中于……
(4) distract attention from 涣散对…的注意
15. ASAP stands for as soon as possible.
stand for 代表，象征；主张；支持
例句: PRC stands for the People’s Republic of China. PRC代表中华人民共和国。
GNP stands for gross national product. GNP 代表国民生产总值。
We are always standing for a peaceful settlement of the border problem.
我们一贯主张和平解决边境问题。
短语拓展
(1)stand against 反对
例句：No one stood against his suggestion. 没有人反对他的建议。
(2)stand by 站在一边；袖手旁观
16. Good health is the most valuable possession a person can have, but one can’t take health for granted.
take … for granted 认为……理所当然
例句：Don’t take your parents’ love for granted. 不要认为父母的爱是想当然的。
I took it for granted that you knew the fact. 我认为你应该知道那个事实。
17. Eat plenty of foods that are high in protein, like lean meat, fish, beans, and nuts.
plenty of 大量的，后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词。
be high in 富含……
例句：Plenty of foreign firms have set up factories here. 许多外国公司已经在这里设厂。
Chocolate is high in calories. 巧克力富含热量。
短语拓展
(1) a number of 许多，很多
例句：A great (large, good) number of people have come to the party.
很多人都来参加这个晚会。
(2) a great/good deal of；a great/large amount of 许多，很多
例句：He spent a great amount/deal of time reading these books. 他读这些书花了很多时间。
(3) a good/great many 许多，很多
例句：He had worked here for a good many years. 他在这里工作了很多年了。
18. Over a long period of time, a little amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality.
result in 导致，引起
例句：Mary’s attempt resulted in failure. 玛丽的尝试终于失败了
His carelessness resulted in（导致） this accident. 他的粗心导致了这场事故。
Her carelessness resulted in much argument. 她发言过于草率，引来很多争议。
短语拓展
(1)result from 由…导致，引起。例如：
例句：The accident resulted form his carelessness. 这次事故是由他粗心导致的。
(2) as a result 作为结果
例句：He was caught in the rush hour. As a result, he was later for the date.
他遇上堵车了，所以约会迟到了。
(3) as a result of 由于
例句：As a result of the heavy snow, I was stopped from the meeting.
由于雪大，我没能参加会议。
19. Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night.
be sure to do sth 一定要做某事
例句：He is sure to pass the exam. 他一定能通过考试。
Be sure to tell me all the news. 请务必告诉我所有的消息。
短语拓展
(1) be sure of／about确信…；对…有把握
例句：He is sure of success．他自信会成功的。
If you are not sure about the situation in the world，you can read the newspaper every day．
如果你对世界形势不大了解，你可以每天看看报纸。
(2) make sure to do确保做某事
例句：Make sure to turn off the radio before you go out. 在你出去之前确保关掉收音机。
(3) make sure of sth 确定某事
例句：Arrive early at the cinema to make sure of getting a seat. 早点儿到电影院以确保有座位。
20. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight.
prevent…from doing sth 阻止……做某事
gain weight 增肥
例句：We were prevented by heavy smog from seeing anything. 浓雾使我们看不到任何东西。
What prevented you from joining us last night?
昨天晚上什么事使你不能参加我们的晚会?
21. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shape.
in good/bad/poor shape 处于好/差的状态
例句：His business has recently been in good shape. 最近他的生意情况不错。
You’ll never be in shape until you eat less and take more exercise.
只有少吃多锻炼才能健美。
短语拓展
(1) in any shape（常用于否定句）无论如何
例句：I don’t smoke cigarette in any shape. 我什么烟都不抽。
(2) out of shape 不成形的
例句：The children have been playing my hat―they have knocked it out of shape.
孩子们一直在玩我的帽子，把它弄得不成样子了。
22. I would strongly advise you to keep a fitness program.
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
23. Now it is your turn to practise what has been suggested above.
It is one’s turn to do …. 轮到…做…
例句：It is your turn to be on duty today. 今天轮到你做值日了。
(1) in turn 依次
例句：They answered the teacher’s questions in turn. 他们一个接一个回答老师的问题。
(2) take turns 轮流做…
例句：We take turns using the bike. 我们轮流用这辆自行车。
24. A long time ago, in England, some judges used to decide whether a person was telling the truth by giving him or her some dry bread.
tell the truth 说实话
by doing sth 通过做某事
例句：To tell the truth, your English is not very good. 跟你说实话吧，你的英语并不是太好。
He makes everybody happy by telling jokes. 他通过讲笑话让每个人高兴。
25. A person worrying about something has much difficulty swallowing anything dry.
have difficulty in doing sth 做某事有困难
例句：I have difficulty in learning English. 我学习英语有困难。
She has great difficulty in understanding him. 她很难理解他的话。
短语拓展
(1) with/without difficulty 有/没有困难
例句：His English was very bad and he spoke with difficulty. 他的英语很差，因此说话很吃力。
We managed to finish it without much difficulty. 我们没费多大劲儿就把它完成了。
(2) get into difficulties 陷入困境
例句：When sales slow down, the company got into difficulties.
当销售额下降时，公司便陷入了困境。
26. Some people are known as “emotion eaters”.
be known as 作为……而出名
例句：She is known as a great singer. 她被认为是个出色的歌手。
Samuel Clemens, known as Mark Twain, became a famous American writer.
赛谬尔以笔名马克?吐温而成为美国的著名作家。
短语拓展
(1) be known to 为…所熟知
例句：He is known to the police. 他是警察所熟知的罪犯。
(2) be known for 以…而出名
例句：Jiuzhaigou is known for its beautiful scenery. 九寨沟以它的美丽景色而闻名。
(3) make oneself known to 自我介绍给…
例句：I’m very glad to see you, let me make myself known to you.
很高兴见到你们，让我自我介绍一下。
(4) make something known 使…被了解，知道
例句：He made it known to his friends that he did not want to enter politics.
他让朋友们都知道，他不想进政界。
27. Emotion eaters often turn to food right after having a bad experience.
turn to 转向，向……求助
例句：In his desperation, he turns to drink. 他于绝望中借酒消愁。
I can’t tell my parents about it; I don’t know who to turn to.
我不能跟我的父母说这件事，我不知道该求谁。
28. They feel stress and feat and turn to food in an attempt to make their negative feelings go away.
in an attempt to do sth 尝试做某事
例句：They fail in all their attempts to climb the mountain. 他们尝试爬这座山，但是都失败了。
The government announced big tax cuts in an attempt to regain its lost popularity.
政府宣布大幅度降税，企图以此恢复失去的声望。
短语拓展
(1)attempt doing/to do 尝试做某事
例句：He attempted to leave but was stopped. 他试图离开但是被制止了。
I attempted walking along the rope. 我试着走绳索。
29. Many of those who eat like this become obese and then have to deal with the emotional and physical problems that go along with you.
deal with 处理，对付；与……做买卖
例句：How would you deal with an armed burglar? 遇到持有武器的盗贼，你将如何对付？
I've dealt with this shop for 20 years. 我同这家商店做生意已经有20年了。
短语拓展
(1)deal in 经营，买卖
例句：This shop deals in goods of all sorts. 这家商店经营各种货物。
(2)do with 对待，处理
例句：What shall I do with it? 怎样处置它好呢？
30. Emotion eaters must become aware of their motivations for wanting to eat.
become/be aware of 意识到，明白
例句：We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation. 我们充分认识到形势的严重性。
I was not aware of how deeply he had felt about his mother’s death.
我不知道他对他母亲的逝世感到怎样的难过？
31. You need this awareness in order to tell whether your stomach’s actually empty or you are upset about something and just want to eat to feel better.
in order to do sth 为了做某事
例句：He hurried through his homework (in order ) to paly football.
他很快做完作业，为的是可以踢足球。
In order to succeed, he worked very hard.为了成功，他努力工作。
He got up early in order not to be late for school. 他起得很早为了上学不迟到。
短语拓展
in order that 为了……
例句：I lent her some money in order that she could go for a holiday.
为了让她度假，我借给她一些钱。
He saved a lot of money so that he might buy a new car. 他攒了很多钱，为了买一辆新车
32. Can you imagine cooking for all those people?
imagine doing 想像做某事
例句：It is hard to imagine living in a place where there are no cars.
生活于一个没有汽车的地方是不可思议的。
33. Scheib is in charge of a full-time staff of five and oversees a part-time staff of 20.
in charge of 负责，管理
例句：Student nurses should not be left alone in charge of hospital wards.
不应当让实习护士单独看管病房。
She is in charge of our class. 她担任我们的班主任。
短语拓展
(1) in the charge of 在……管理下
例句：The children were left in the charge of a neighbour. 留下孩子由邻居照顾。
(2) take charge of 开始管理
例句：Who will take charge of the company? 谁将掌管这个公司？
(3) free of charge 免费
例句：The faulty part was replaced free of charge. 这个出毛病的部件已经被免费调换过了。
(4) on a charge of 控告
例句：He was arrested on a charge of murder. 他被控谋杀罪而被拘捕。
be on charge 充电
例句：The battery is on charge. 电池正在充电。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：50分钟）
第一部分：单项选择
1. ---Glad to meet you.
--- ______________
A. So do I. B. How are you? C. How do you do? D. The same to you.
2. I can guess you were in a hurry. You _______ your sweater inside out.
A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing
3. --- Which one can I take?
--- You can take _____ of them; I’ll keep none.
A. both B. any C. either D. all
4. --- How much is the T-shirt _______?
--- 65 dollars.
A. worth B. cost C. worthy D. paid
5. I’ve visited a lot of different places and stayed in lots of different hotels, but none of them ____ this one.
A. makes B. beats C. compares D. matches
6. It is the protection for the trees ____ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.
A. what B. that C. / D. which
7. The two sides have finally ____, though some small differences still exist.
A. made a decision B. reached an agreement
C. settled down D. broke down
8. --- Shall Mary come and play computer games?
--- No, _____ she has finished her homework.
A. when B. if C. unless D. once
9. The question came up at the meeting ______ we had enough money for our research.
A. that B. what C. which D. whether
10. The first day on the job, Roy got off on the wrong foot by telling his boss a stupid joke.
The underlined phrase means “________”.
A. knocked at the door B. had a bad start
C. did a stupid job D. entered a wrong room
11. Great changes have taken place in my hometown. It is quite different from ____it was five years ago.
A. where B. whichC. the oneD. that
12. Jane was alone in the world _____ an aunt in Brazil.
A. except for B. except C. besides D. except that
13. ---Has he lived here for a long time?
---Not very long, ______ he was made mayor of this city.
A. fromB. whenC. sinceD. after
14. ---Did you say it would get colder this afternoon?
---Yes. I can _____ you.
A. promise B. admit C. answerD. prove
15. ---Ann will be sent abroad very soon.
---She never dreamed ______such a chance.
A. to be B. there to be C. of there beingD. of there to be
16. I listened to Dr. John’s lecture about biology, but I failed to get its key _____.
A. words B. pointsC. notesD. messages
17. However hard I tried to open the door, it just ______ open.
A. shouldn’t B. wouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mightn’t
18. You must have worked as a teacher before you turned writer, _____you?
A. haven’t B. hadn’t C. didn’tD. don’t
19. ---Where did you meet Mr. Smith?
---It was in the hotel _____ he stayed.
A. that B. where C. which D. as
20. Believe it or not, the boy his father considered ______very hard failed in the important examination.
A. working B. to workC. to have workedD. having worked
第二部分：下面5题中的句子可以组成一篇小短文，请从四个选项中选出最佳答案；然后根据理解，将5个选项进行重新排列，选出短文的最佳排列顺序。
21. While it may sound scary, the operation is quite _____.
A. normal B. ordinaryC. common D. usual
22. Unlike important part like the heart and lungs, ______, the appendix serves no purpose.
A. Of course B. In a word C. In generalD. In fact
23. You may have heard of appendicitis (阑尾炎). That’s ____ the appendix becomes infected(感染) and needs to be removed.
A. where B. when C. whatD. which
24. What is an appendix( 阑尾)? We are all born with an appendix but not everyone ____.
A. leaves B. needs C. staysD. keeps
25. It was used to help digest food thousands of years ago, but we _____ need it.
A. no longer B. no moreC. not, any longerD. not, any more
26. 短文排列：
A. 24/22/25/23/21B. 24/25/22/23/21
C. 25/24/22/21/23 D. 23/21/24/22/25
第三部分：阅读理解
A?
Most Americans get what money they have from their work; that is, they earn an income from wages or salaries. The richest Americans, however, get most of their money from what they own―their stock, bonds, real estate, and other forms of property, or wealth. Although there are few accurate statistics to go by, wealth in American society appears to be concentrated in very few hands. More than 20 percent of everything that can be privately owned is held by less than one percent of the adult population and more than 75 percent of all wealth is owned by 20 percent of American adults. The plain fact is that most Americans have on wealth at all aside from their homes, automobiles, and a small amount of savings.?
Income in the Unites States is not as highly concentrated as wealth. In 1917 the richest 10 percent of American families received 26.1 percent of all income, while the poorest 10 percent received 17 percent, mainly from Social Security and other government payments. The most striking aspect of income distribution is that it has not changed significantly since the end of World War II. Although economic growth has roughly doubled real disposable (可自由使用的) family income (the money left after taxes and adjusted for inflation) over the last generation, the size of the shares given to the rich and the poor is about the same. By any measure economic inequality is great in the United States.?
The reality behind these statistics is that a large number of Americans are poor. In 1918, 14 percent of the population was living below the federal government's poverty line, which at that time was an annual income of $ 9 287 for a nonfarm family of two adults and two children. In other words, about one out of seven Americans over 31 million people was officially considered unable to buy the basic necessities of food, clothes, and shelter. The suggested poverty line in 1981 would have been an income of about $11,200 for a family of four. By this relative definition, about 20 percent of the population or more than 45 million Americans are poor. ?
27. What does the majority of the Americans have in terms of wealth?
A. Their income and savings.
B. Everything they own in their homes.?
C. Actually, they have no wealth at all.
D. Their house, cars and small amounts of savings.?
28. What is the percentage of wealth that is in the hands of most Americans?
A. More than 25%. B. Less than 25%.
C. More than 75%. D. Less than 20%.?
29. Why is economic inequality still great in the US in spite of the economic growth??
A. Because the proportion of income received by the rich and the poor remains almost the same as in 1917.?
B. Because the economic growth has widened the gap of the family income between the rich and the poor.?
C. Because income in the US is still concentrated in the hands of the richest 10% of American families.?
D. Because some Americans made great fortunes during the Second World War.
30. What can we learn from comparison of the two poverty lines in the last paragraph??
A. The poverty line of 1918 is more favorable to the poor than that of 1981.
B. The 1981 line didn't leave much to the poor.?
C. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1981 line.
D. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1918 line.
31. From the last two sentences we can see that 1981 government's poverty line .?
A. was of no good for the poor
B. was not put into operation then?
C. was officially approved
D. was not helpful to the poor?
B?
You can not see any object unless light from that object gets into your eyes. Some of the things you see give off light of their own. The sun, the stars, a lighted lamp are examples that can be seen by their own light. Such things are luminous. Most of the things you see are not giving off light of their own. They are simply reflecting light that falls on them from the sun or some other luminous body. The moon, for example, does not give off any light of its own. It is nonluminous. You see it because sunlight falls on it and some of it reflects in our direction. So moonlight is only second hand sunlight.?
When you look at a book, it sends to your eyes some of the light which falls on it, and you see the book. If light could be kept out from where you are so that there would be no light for the book to reflect, then you could not see the book even with your eyes wide open.?
Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you are reading to your eyes is so short as if there were no time at all. Light reaches us from the moon, which is about 380, 000 kilometers away, in only a little more than a second.?
32. You can see the book because .?
A. your eyes are close to it
B. it reflects some of the sunlight
C. it has light of its own
D. your eyesight can get to it
33. The underlined word “luminous” means .?
A. visible B. all colours
C. giving off light D. sunlight?
34. have light of their own.?
A. The sun and the moon B. The stars and the earth ?
C. The sun and the stars D. The moon and the earth?
35. Which of the following is TRUE??
A. All the things you can see give off light.?
B. Light from the book is much shorter than that from the moon.?
C. The moment you open your eyes the light from the book travels to your eyes.
D. Light travels so fast that there is no time for you to read.?
【试题答案】
1－5 DCBAD 6－10 ABCDB 11－15 CACAC 16－20 ACCBC 21－25 BBABA
26－30 BDBAC 31－35 BBCCC
Unit 7 To Your Good Health
一. 内容：
Unit 7 To Your Good Health
二. 重点：
1. 重点单词：
fitness, mean, work, physical, focus, stay, balance, everyday, enjoyable, locate, wish, build, name, stomach, advice, contain, key, suggest, attempt, aware, serve
2. 重点短语：a little, go shopping, have some fun, by now, according to, be made up of, live up to, pay attention to, stand for, take … for, granted, result in, in (good/ bad) shape, turn to, in charge of
3. 重点句型：
（1）that 在定语从句中作主语
（2）if 虚拟条件句
4. 语法：
（1）本单元重点学习v-ing的一般用法
（2）kinds of sentences (I)
三. 重难点解释：
1. Perhaps you play with your friends.
play with 和……一起玩
例句: Can Bob come out to play with me? 鲍勃能出来和我玩儿吗？
The children were playing with their train set. 孩子们正在玩火车玩具。
2. Perhaps you go shopping with your mother.
goq shopping 买东西 go+doing 结构，表示“去干某事”。多指从事与体育和娱乐有关的活动。
短语拓展
(1) go fishing
(2) go dancing
(3) go boating
(4) go swimming
3. In fact, the more you use your body, the better it works.
the more…the more…表示“越…越…”，指的是两个事物在程度或是数量上作等量的增加或减少。
注意：在这种结构中，两者都要用比较级，可以是形容词比较级也可以是副词的比较级。
例句: The more I read the book, the more I like it. 这本书我越读越喜欢。
The sooner you finish the work, the better it is. 这项工作你完成得越早越好。
4. Being fit helps you to stay alert and focus on your lessons.
focus on专注于；对准
例句: A nearsighted person cannot focus on distant objects.
近视的人无法把焦点对准远处的事物。
I focused my camera on her. 我把照相机对准她。
We must focus (our attention) on urgent problems.
我们必须把注意力集中在紧急问题上。
5. You will fall asleep at night easier and wake up feeling better.
fall asleep 睡着
wake up 醒来
6. Remember, keep everything in balance.
keep sth in balance 保持平衡
例句: The boy keeps the seesaw in balance. 这个男孩儿让跷跷板保持平衡。
短语拓展
(1) in the balance 悬而未决；犹豫
例句：The future of the nation is in the balance. 国家的前途安危未卜。
(2) off balance 不稳
(3) keep one’s balance 保持平衡，保持镇静
例句：Don’t get excited, keep your balance. 不要冲动，保持镇静。
(4)lose one’s balance 失去平衡，摔倒，心慌意乱
例句：He was surrounded by so many dangers that he lost his balance.
他为很多危险所困扰，因此心绪慌乱。
例句：Their suggestion has, on balance, proved practicable.
总的说来,他们的建议已被证明是可行的。
7. You will get better and better at physical activities, and have more and more fun playing games and doing things with your friends.
have fun 有乐趣，过得愉快
例句: You are sure to have fun at the party tonight. 你在今晚的聚会上一定会玩儿得很开心。
He likes having fun with his friends. 他喜欢和他的朋友们一起玩儿。
短语拓展
(1) for fun为了高兴
例句：He is learning English for fun. 他是为了好玩才学英语的。
I’m learning to cook, just for fun of it. 我正在学习做饭，做着玩儿而已。
(2) in fun 开玩笑，闹着玩儿
例句：He only said it in fun－he didn’t really mean it. 他只是说着玩儿――并非真是那个意思。
(3) make fun of 取笑
例句：It is cruel to make fun of people who stammer. 嘲笑口吃的人未免不近人情。
8. The different systems in your body need to be taken care of in special ways.
need to be done=need doing 这是主动表被动，意思是“需要被做”。
take care of 照顾，照看
例句: The house needs to be repaired./The house needs repairing.
房子需要修了。
The question needed to be explained again./The question needs explaining again.
这个问题需要再解释一下。
We’ll take care of you when you are old. 你老了以后我们会照顾你。
短语拓展
(1) take care 当心，注意
例句：Take care not to smoke too much. 注意不要抽太多烟。
(2) care about 在乎，担心
例句：I don’t care about what people think. 我不在乎别人怎么想。
(3) care for 喜欢
例句：I don’t really care for red wine. 我其实并不喜欢红酒。
9. Your heart and lungs will be used to working hard for long periods of time.
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
例句: I am used to taking some coffee before going to bed.
我习惯睡觉前喝点咖啡。
He is not used to the weather here. 他不习惯这里的天气。
短语拓展
(1) used to do过去常做某事
例句: People used to believe that the earth was flat. 过去人们认为地球是方的。
They used to live in the downtown. 他们过去住在市中心。
(2) be used to do 被用来做某事
例句: Coal is mostly used to produce electricity. 煤主要用来发电。
This kind of wood can be used to make shelves..这种木材可以做书架。
10. My heart is located in my heart, slightly to the left side of the center.
be located in 位于……
例句：Our school is located in the center of the city. 我们学校座落在市中心。
11. I wish you all health and happiness.
wish sb sth 祝愿某人……
例句: Wish you good luck! 祝好运！
I wish you a happy new year! 祝你新年快乐！
短语拓展
(1) wish sb+adj
例句: I wish everything ready. 我希望万事俱备。
(2) wish sb to do sth
例句: What do you wish me to do? 你想让我做什么？
(3) wish+that从句（用虚拟语气）
例句: He wished that he had been at home when she came to see him.
他想，当时她来看他，他若在家该多好呀。
12. Overdo is made up of two words, over and do.
be made up of 由…组成，由…构成
例句: The committee is made up of seven members. 该委员会由七人组成。
All bodies are made up of atoms. 一切物体都是由原子组成的。
短语拓展
(1)be made of/from由..制成
例句：Her necklace is made from silver coins. 她的项链是由一串银币制成的。
(2)make out 看出，辨认出
例句：I can’t make her out in the crowd. 在人群中我认不出她来。
(3)be made out of 由…改制而成
例句: Her skirt is made out of her mother’s old one.
她的裙子由她妈妈的旧的改制的。
(4)make up 虚构；组成；化妆；补充
例句：The girls make up 40% in my class. 我们班女生占百分之四十。
Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。
13. live up to her dad’s expectations.
live up to符合，不辜负
例句: His work lives up to his reputation. 他的作品配得上他的名声。
You should live up to what your parents expect of you.
你应该不辜负父母对你的期望。
14. I don’t pay any attention to emphasis.
pay attention to 注意
例句: He didn’t pay any attention to me. 他没注意到我。
Too much attention was paid to the details. 太过于关注细节了。
短语拓展
(1) attract/catch one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
例句：She waved her hand to attract/catch my attention. 她挥手以吸引我的注意。
(2) devote one’s attention to 专心于
(3) fix one’s attention on 将注意力集中于……
(4) distract attention from 涣散对…的注意
15. ASAP stands for as soon as possible.
stand for 代表，象征；主张；支持
例句: PRC stands for the People’s Republic of China. PRC代表中华人民共和国。
GNP stands for gross national product. GNP 代表国民生产总值。
We are always standing for a peaceful settlement of the border problem.
我们一贯主张和平解决边境问题。
短语拓展
(1)stand against 反对
例句：No one stood against his suggestion. 没有人反对他的建议。
(2)stand by 站在一边；袖手旁观
16. Good health is the most valuable possession a person can have, but one can’t take health for granted.
take … for granted 认为……理所当然
例句：Don’t take your parents’ love for granted. 不要认为父母的爱是想当然的。
I took it for granted that you knew the fact. 我认为你应该知道那个事实。
17. Eat plenty of foods that are high in protein, like lean meat, fish, beans, and nuts.
plenty of 大量的，后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词。
be high in 富含……
例句：Plenty of foreign firms have set up factories here. 许多外国公司已经在这里设厂。
Chocolate is high in calories. 巧克力富含热量。
短语拓展
(1) a number of 许多，很多
例句：A great (large, good) number of people have come to the party.
很多人都来参加这个晚会。
(2) a great/good deal of；a great/large amount of 许多，很多
例句：He spent a great amount/deal of time reading these books. 他读这些书花了很多时间。
(3) a good/great many 许多，很多
例句：He had worked here for a good many years. 他在这里工作了很多年了。
18. Over a long period of time, a little amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality.
result in 导致，引起
例句：Mary’s attempt resulted in failure. 玛丽的尝试终于失败了
His carelessness resulted in（导致） this accident. 他的粗心导致了这场事故。
Her carelessness resulted in much argument. 她发言过于草率，引来很多争议。
短语拓展
(1)result from 由…导致，引起。例如：
例句：The accident resulted form his carelessness. 这次事故是由他粗心导致的。
(2) as a result 作为结果
例句：He was caught in the rush hour. As a result, he was later for the date.
他遇上堵车了，所以约会迟到了。
(3) as a result of 由于
例句：As a result of the heavy snow, I was stopped from the meeting.
由于雪大，我没能参加会议。
19. Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night.
be sure to do sth 一定要做某事
例句：He is sure to pass the exam. 他一定能通过考试。
Be sure to tell me all the news. 请务必告诉我所有的消息。
短语拓展
(1) be sure of／about确信…；对…有把握
例句：He is sure of success．他自信会成功的。
If you are not sure about the situation in the world，you can read the newspaper every day．
如果你对世界形势不大了解，你可以每天看看报纸。
(2) make sure to do确保做某事
例句：Make sure to turn off the radio before you go out. 在你出去之前确保关掉收音机。
(3) make sure of sth 确定某事
例句：Arrive early at the cinema to make sure of getting a seat. 早点儿到电影院以确保有座位。
20. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight.
prevent…from doing sth 阻止……做某事
gain weight 增肥
例句：We were prevented by heavy smog from seeing anything. 浓雾使我们看不到任何东西。
What prevented you from joining us last night?
昨天晚上什么事使你不能参加我们的晚会?
21. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shape.
in good/bad/poor shape 处于好/差的状态
例句：His business has recently been in good shape. 最近他的生意情况不错。
You’ll never be in shape until you eat less and take more exercise.
只有少吃多锻炼才能健美。
短语拓展
(1) in any shape（常用于否定句）无论如何
例句：I don’t smoke cigarette in any shape. 我什么烟都不抽。
(2) out of shape 不成形的
例句：The children have been playing my hat―they have knocked it out of shape.
孩子们一直在玩我的帽子，把它弄得不成样子了。
22. I would strongly advise you to keep a fitness program.
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
23. Now it is your turn to practise what has been suggested above.
It is one’s turn to do …. 轮到…做…
例句：It is your turn to be on duty today. 今天轮到你做值日了。
(1) in turn 依次
例句：They answered the teacher’s questions in turn. 他们一个接一个回答老师的问题。
(2) take turns 轮流做…
例句：We take turns using the bike. 我们轮流用这辆自行车。
24. A long time ago, in England, some judges used to decide whether a person was telling the truth by giving him or her some dry bread.
tell the truth 说实话
by doing sth 通过做某事
例句：To tell the truth, your English is not very good. 跟你说实话吧，你的英语并不是太好。
He makes everybody happy by telling jokes. 他通过讲笑话让每个人高兴。
25. A person worrying about something has much difficulty swallowing anything dry.
have difficulty in doing sth 做某事有困难
例句：I have difficulty in learning English. 我学习英语有困难。
She has great difficulty in understanding him. 她很难理解他的话。
短语拓展
(1) with/without difficulty 有/没有困难
例句：His English was very bad and he spoke with difficulty. 他的英语很差，因此说话很吃力。
We managed to finish it without much difficulty. 我们没费多大劲儿就把它完成了。
(2) get into difficulties 陷入困境
例句：When sales slow down, the company got into difficulties.
当销售额下降时，公司便陷入了困境。
26. Some people are known as “emotion eaters”.
be known as 作为……而出名
例句：She is known as a great singer. 她被认为是个出色的歌手。
Samuel Clemens, known as Mark Twain, became a famous American writer.
赛谬尔以笔名马克?吐温而成为美国的著名作家。
短语拓展
(1) be known to 为…所熟知
例句：He is known to the police. 他是警察所熟知的罪犯。
(2) be known for 以…而出名
例句：Jiuzhaigou is known for its beautiful scenery. 九寨沟以它的美丽景色而闻名。
(3) make oneself known to 自我介绍给…
例句：I’m very glad to see you, let me make myself known to you.
很高兴见到你们，让我自我介绍一下。
(4) make something known 使…被了解，知道
例句：He made it known to his friends that he did not want to enter politics.
他让朋友们都知道，他不想进政界。
27. Emotion eaters often turn to food right after having a bad experience.
turn to 转向，向……求助
例句：In his desperation, he turns to drink. 他于绝望中借酒消愁。
I can’t tell my parents about it; I don’t know who to turn to.
我不能跟我的父母说这件事，我不知道该求谁。
28. They feel stress and feat and turn to food in an attempt to make their negative feelings go away.
in an attempt to do sth 尝试做某事
例句：They fail in all their attempts to climb the mountain. 他们尝试爬这座山，但是都失败了。
The government announced big tax cuts in an attempt to regain its lost popularity.
政府宣布大幅度降税，企图以此恢复失去的声望。
短语拓展
(1)attempt doing/to do 尝试做某事
例句：He attempted to leave but was stopped. 他试图离开但是被制止了。
I attempted walking along the rope. 我试着走绳索。
29. Many of those who eat like this become obese and then have to deal with the emotional and physical problems that go along with you.
deal with 处理，对付；与……做买卖
例句：How would you deal with an armed burglar? 遇到持有武器的盗贼，你将如何对付？
I've dealt with this shop for 20 years. 我同这家商店做生意已经有20年了。
短语拓展
(1)deal in 经营，买卖
例句：This shop deals in goods of all sorts. 这家商店经营各种货物。
(2)do with 对待，处理
例句：What shall I do with it? 怎样处置它好呢？
30. Emotion eaters must become aware of their motivations for wanting to eat.
become/be aware of 意识到，明白
例句：We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation. 我们充分认识到形势的严重性。
I was not aware of how deeply he had felt about his mother’s death.
我不知道他对他母亲的逝世感到怎样的难过？
31. You need this awareness in order to tell whether your stomach’s actually empty or you are upset about something and just want to eat to feel better.
in order to do sth 为了做某事
例句：He hurried through his homework (in order ) to paly football.
他很快做完作业，为的是可以踢足球。
In order to succeed, he worked very hard.为了成功，他努力工作。
He got up early in order not to be late for school. 他起得很早为了上学不迟到。
短语拓展
in order that 为了……
例句：I lent her some money in order that she could go for a holiday.
为了让她度假，我借给她一些钱。
He saved a lot of money so that he might buy a new car. 他攒了很多钱，为了买一辆新车
32. Can you imagine cooking for all those people?
imagine doing 想像做某事
例句：It is hard to imagine living in a place where there are no cars.
生活于一个没有汽车的地方是不可思议的。
33. Scheib is in charge of a full-time staff of five and oversees a part-time staff of 20.
in charge of 负责，管理
例句：Student nurses should not be left alone in charge of hospital wards.
不应当让实习护士单独看管病房。
She is in charge of our class. 她担任我们的班主任。
短语拓展
(1) in the charge of 在……管理下
例句：The children were left in the charge of a neighbour. 留下孩子由邻居照顾。
(2) take charge of 开始管理
例句：Who will take charge of the company? 谁将掌管这个公司？
(3) free of charge 免费
例句：The faulty part was replaced free of charge. 这个出毛病的部件已经被免费调换过了。
(4) on a charge of 控告
例句：He was arrested on a charge of murder. 他被控谋杀罪而被拘捕。
be on charge 充电
例句：The battery is on charge. 电池正在充电。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：50分钟）
第一部分：单项选择
1. ---Glad to meet you.
--- ______________
A. So do I. B. How are you? C. How do you do? D. The same to you.
2. I can guess you were in a hurry. You _______ your sweater inside out.
A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing
3. --- Which one can I take?
--- You can take _____ of them; I’ll keep none.
A. both B. any C. either D. all
4. --- How much is the T-shirt _______?
--- 65 dollars.
A. worth B. cost C. worthy D. paid
5. I’ve visited a lot of different places and stayed in lots of different hotels, but none of them ____ this one.
A. makes B. beats C. compares D. matches
6. It is the protection for the trees ____ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.
A. what B. that C. / D. which
7. The two sides have finally ____, though some small differences still exist.
A. made a decision B. reached an agreement
C. settled down D. broke down
8. --- Shall Mary come and play computer games?
--- No, _____ she has finished her homework.
A. when B. if C. unless D. once
9. The question came up at the meeting ______ we had enough money for our research.
A. that B. what C. which D. whether
10. The first day on the job, Roy got off on the wrong foot by telling his boss a stupid joke.
The underlined phrase means “________”.
A. knocked at the door B. had a bad start
C. did a stupid job D. entered a wrong room
11. Great changes have taken place in my hometown. It is quite different from ____it was five years ago.
A. where B. whichC. the oneD. that
12. Jane was alone in the world _____ an aunt in Brazil.
A. except for B. except C. besides D. except that
13. ---Has he lived here for a long time?
---Not very long, ______ he was made mayor of this city.
A. fromB. whenC. sinceD. after
14. ---Did you say it would get colder this afternoon?
---Yes. I can _____ you.
A. promise B. admit C. answerD. prove
15. ---Ann will be sent abroad very soon.
---She never dreamed ______such a chance.
A. to be B. there to be C. of there beingD. of there to be
16. I listened to Dr. John’s lecture about biology, but I failed to get its key _____.
A. words B. pointsC. notesD. messages
17. However hard I tried to open the door, it just ______ open.
A. shouldn’t B. wouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mightn’t
18. You must have worked as a teacher before you turned writer, _____you?
A. haven’t B. hadn’t C. didn’tD. don’t
19. ---Where did you meet Mr. Smith?
---It was in the hotel _____ he stayed.
A. that B. where C. which D. as
20. Believe it or not, the boy his father considered ______very hard failed in the important examination.
A. working B. to workC. to have workedD. having worked
第二部分：下面5题中的句子可以组成一篇小短文，请从四个选项中选出最佳答案；然后根据理解，将5个选项进行重新排列，选出短文的最佳排列顺序。
21. While it may sound scary, the operation is quite _____.
A. normal B. ordinaryC. common D. usual
22. Unlike important part like the heart and lungs, ______, the appendix serves no purpose.
A. Of course B. In a word C. In generalD. In fact
23. You may have heard of appendicitis (阑尾炎). That’s ____ the appendix becomes infected(感染) and needs to be removed.
A. where B. when C. whatD. which
24. What is an appendix( 阑尾)? We are all born with an appendix but not everyone ____.
A. leaves B. needs C. staysD. keeps
25. It was used to help digest food thousands of years ago, but we _____ need it.
A. no longer B. no moreC. not, any longerD. not, any more
26. 短文排列：
A. 24/22/25/23/21B. 24/25/22/23/21
C. 25/24/22/21/23 D. 23/21/24/22/25
第三部分：阅读理解
A?
Most Americans get what money they have from their work; that is, they earn an income from wages or salaries. The richest Americans, however, get most of their money from what they own―their stock, bonds, real estate, and other forms of property, or wealth. Although there are few accurate statistics to go by, wealth in American society appears to be concentrated in very few hands. More than 20 percent of everything that can be privately owned is held by less than one percent of the adult population and more than 75 percent of all wealth is owned by 20 percent of American adults. The plain fact is that most Americans have on wealth at all aside from their homes, automobiles, and a small amount of savings.?
Income in the Unites States is not as highly concentrated as wealth. In 1917 the richest 10 percent of American families received 26.1 percent of all income, while the poorest 10 percent received 17 percent, mainly from Social Security and other government payments. The most striking aspect of income distribution is that it has not changed significantly since the end of World War II. Although economic growth has roughly doubled real disposable (可自由使用的) family income (the money left after taxes and adjusted for inflation) over the last generation, the size of the shares given to the rich and the poor is about the same. By any measure economic inequality is great in the United States.?
The reality behind these statistics is that a large number of Americans are poor. In 1918, 14 percent of the population was living below the federal government's poverty line, which at that time was an annual income of $ 9 287 for a nonfarm family of two adults and two children. In other words, about one out of seven Americans over 31 million people was officially considered unable to buy the basic necessities of food, clothes, and shelter. The suggested poverty line in 1981 would have been an income of about $11,200 for a family of four. By this relative definition, about 20 percent of the population or more than 45 million Americans are poor. ?
27. What does the majority of the Americans have in terms of wealth?
A. Their income and savings.
B. Everything they own in their homes.?
C. Actually, they have no wealth at all.
D. Their house, cars and small amounts of savings.?
28. What is the percentage of wealth that is in the hands of most Americans?
A. More than 25%. B. Less than 25%.
C. More than 75%. D. Less than 20%.?
29. Why is economic inequality still great in the US in spite of the economic growth??
A. Because the proportion of income received by the rich and the poor remains almost the same as in 1917.?
B. Because the economic growth has widened the gap of the family income between the rich and the poor.?
C. Because income in the US is still concentrated in the hands of the richest 10% of American families.?
D. Because some Americans made great fortunes during the Second World War.
30. What can we learn from comparison of the two poverty lines in the last paragraph??
A. The poverty line of 1918 is more favorable to the poor than that of 1981.
B. The 1981 line didn't leave much to the poor.?
C. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1981 line.
D. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1918 line.
31. From the last two sentences we can see that 1981 government's poverty line .?
A. was of no good for the poor
B. was not put into operation then?
C. was officially approved
D. was not helpful to the poor?
B?
You can not see any object unless light from that object gets into your eyes. Some of the things you see give off light of their own. The sun, the stars, a lighted lamp are examples that can be seen by their own light. Such things are luminous. Most of the things you see are not giving off light of their own. They are simply reflecting light that falls on them from the sun or some other luminous body. The moon, for example, does not give off any light of its own. It is nonluminous. You see it because sunlight falls on it and some of it reflects in our direction. So moonlight is only second hand sunlight.?
When you look at a book, it sends to your eyes some of the light which falls on it, and you see the book. If light could be kept out from where you are so that there would be no light for the book to reflect, then you could not see the book even with your eyes wide open.?
Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you are reading to your eyes is so short as if there were no time at all. Light reaches us from the moon, which is about 380, 000 kilometers away, in only a little more than a second.?
32. You can see the book because .?
A. your eyes are close to it
B. it reflects some of the sunlight
C. it has light of its own
D. your eyesight can get to it
33. The underlined word “luminous” means .?
A. visible B. all colours
C. giving off light D. sunlight?
34. have light of their own.?
A. The sun and the moon B. The stars and the earth ?
C. The sun and the stars D. The moon and the earth?
35. Which of the following is TRUE??
A. All the things you can see give off light.?
B. Light from the book is much shorter than that from the moon.?
C. The moment you open your eyes the light from the book travels to your eyes.
D. Light travels so fast that there is no time for you to read.?
【试题答案】
1－5 DCBAD 6－10 ABCDB 11－15 CACAC 16－20 ACCBC 21－25 BBABA
26－30 BDBAC 31－35 BBCCC
