反意疑问句(精选8篇)
反意疑问句 篇1
归纳:1)由两部分组成:前一部分陈述,后一部分提问。
2)如果前一部分用肯定形式,后一部分就用否定形式;如果前一部分用否定,后,部分就用肯定形式。即:前肯后否,前否后肯。
3)如果前句的谓语是行为动词,则反意疑问部分需借助助词do, don’t dose doesn’t或did(didn’t),需使用哪一个,视乎时态、人称而定。
一些特殊的反意疑问句:
1.陈述部分的主语是i'm...句型时,疑问部分要用 aren't i。如:
i'm an english teacher, aren't i? 我是一名英语老师,不是吗?
2.陈述部分是感叹句时,疑问部分用be +主语。如:
what beautiful hats, aren't they? 多么漂亮的帽子,不是吗?
3.陈述部分是省去主语的祈使句时,疑问部分用will you。如:
don't be late next time, will you? 下次不要迟到了,好吗?
come here, will you / won't you? 到这儿来,好吗?
注意: let's 开头的祈使句,疑问部分用shall we, let us 开头的祈使句,疑问部分用will you。
如: let's start with the song, shall we? 咱们以这首歌开始,好吗?
let us help you, will you? 让我帮助你,好吗?
4.陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。如:
i wish to go to beijing, may i? 我希望去北京,好吗?
5.陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。
如: they never go there, do they ? 他们从不去那儿,是吗?
6.含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
如:he ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? 他应该知道该做什么,对吗?
7.陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。如:
we have to sleep here, don't we? 我们必须睡在这儿,对吧?
8.must在表“推测”时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。如:
he must be tom, isn't he?他一定是汤姆,不是吗?
it must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? 明天肯定要下雨,是吗?
9.陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usen't +主语。如:
he used to be a bad boy, didn't he? / usen't he?他过去是个坏男孩,是吧?
10.陈述部分有had better + v.,疑问句部分用hadn't you。如:
you'd better go there now, hadn't you?你最好现在去那儿,好吗?
11.陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。如:
he would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
他宁可读十遍也不愿意背诵,是吗?
12.陈述部分有you'd like to +v., 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。如:
you'd like to go to bed earlier, wouldn't you? 你想早点儿睡觉,对吗?
13.陈述部分有must,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。如:
he must be a doctor, isn't he? 他肯定是医生,是吗?
you must have studied english for four years, haven't you? / didn't you?
你一定学了四年英语,对吗?
he must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 他肯定是在昨天完成任务的,是吗?
14.陈述部分由neither... nor, either... or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。如:
neither you nor i am a teacher, are we? 你不是老师,我也不是,对吗?
15.陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。如:
everything is ready, isn't it? 一切就绪,是吗?
16.陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:
a. 并列复合句的疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。如:
mr. smith had been to shanghai for several times, he should have been in china now, shouldn't he?
史密斯先生曾几次去过上海,按理说他现在应该在中国,是吗?
b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定。如:
he said he wanted to visit urumchi, didn't he?
他说他想去乌鲁木齐看看,他是那样说的吗?
c. 陈述部分主句为第一人称,谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的宾语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。如:
i don't think he is clever, is he? 我认为他并不聪明,是吗?
we believe she can do it better, can't she? 我们相信她能做得更好,她不能吗?
17.陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。如:
everyone knows the answer, don't they? (doesn't he?) 人人都知道答案,是这样吧?
nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 没人知道这件事,是吧?
18带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。如:
we need not do it again, need we ? 我们不必重做一遍,是吗?
he dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢这样说,是吗?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。如:
she doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家,是吗?
19.陈述部分是“there be”结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。如:
there is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? 你的表有问题,对不对?
there will not be any trouble, will there? 不会有麻烦吧,是吗?
20.否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。如:
it is impossible, isn't it? 这不可能,不是吗?
he is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 他不会对他同学使坏,是吗
反意疑问句专项练习
1. everyone’s having a good time, _______?
2.no one left here yesterday, __________?
3.someone turn that radio down, ________?
4.anyone can join the club, __________?
5.somebody tried to gatecrash(无票进入), _________?
6.there’s nothing wrong, __________?
7.there won’t be any trouble, __________?
8.one can’t be too modest, __________?
9.that’s your sister, __________?
10.learning how to repair motors takes a long time, __________?
11.that he is ill isn’t true, __________?
12.those belong to you, __________?
13.nothing can stop us now, __________?
14.something’ll have to be done about the price, __________?
15.david wouldn’t get such a long holiday if he worked in industry, __________?
16.i don’t think you’ve done it, __________?
17.if he did more work he’d be very good, __________?
18.he said his mother was ill, __________?
19.i suppose li ping will come here on time, __________?
20.it’s my son’s wedding next week, and i have to look my best for that , ________?
21.whether you will go or stay won’t make any difference, __________?
22.we must get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to errors, __________?
23.give me a hand, __________?
24.do sit down, __________?
25.don’t forget to phone me, __________?
26.let’s go, __________?
27.let us do it by ourselves, __________?
28.let me have another try, __________?
29.birds rarely build nests in our garden, _________?
30.margaret scarcely seems to care, ______?
31.we’ve saved nothing this year, ________?
32.he is careless about his speech, _______?
33.i’m older than you, __________?
34.what beautiful weather, __________?
35.he has to stay here all day, __________?
36.you had some trouble finding where i live, __________?
37.he has his hair cut every month, ______?
38.jack has coffee with breakfast, ________?
39.you have a tv set, __________?
40.you had a talk with her, __________?
41.you have bad colds every winter, ______?
42.the old lady has a couple of friends, ___?
43.we ought to read this book, __________?
44.as far as i can remember, tom used to live here, __________?
45.i needn’t tell you the news, __________?
46.i must answer the letter, __________?
47.you must have made the mistake, _____?
48.they must have stayed at home last night, __________?
49.you must be hungry, __________?
50.i wish to go home now, __________?
51.you’d rather i didn’t say anything, _____?
52.you’d rather go, __________?
53.you’d better have a day off, so that you can look after your sick mother, _______?
54.we may go home now, __________?
55.you couldn’t lend me a pound, _______?
56.you need to come earlier, __________?
57.you did make the shoes yourself, ______?
58.he was spring-cleaning all day yesterday, __________?
59.the party won’t get going till seven, __________?
60.harry wouldn’t have become a teacher if it hadn’t been for the holiday, ________?
61.each of the students passed the exam, _______?
62.each of the students had a try, _______?
63.we don’t think that he watched it, _____?
64.the jar is so small that it could hardly hold you, __________?
65.neither you nor i am an engineer, _____?
66.either you or he studies politics, _____?
反意疑问句 篇2
XX高考二轮复习英语教案专题十三 倒装句式和反意疑问句
【专题要点】倒装句式和反义疑问句考点概览:1.否定副词放在句首引起倒装;2.so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语结构;3.表示方位的介词短语和副词out, in, away, off等放在句首引起全部倒装;4.only+状语从句和not until从句放在句首,主句引起部分倒装,从句不倒装;5. 反意疑问句的一般情况;6. 常见句型的反意疑问句;7.复合句的反意疑问句;8.关于情态动词的反意疑问句。
【考纲要求】高考试题每年都要涉及句法知识,这些特殊的句型结构,每年单项填空题都会出现1―2道。考纲要求对这些句型结构的往往是以测试它们中的特殊结构为主,例如倒装句中否定副词位于句首;as引导让步状语从句的倒装;省略if的虚拟条件句等。反义疑问句往往要求掌握前肯后否,前否后肯的基本用法以及反义映疑问句的回答,掌握祈使句、主从复合句、表示猜测的句式的反义疑问句,把握反义疑问句前后时态和人称的一致特点。
【教法指引】近年来,特殊句式已经成为高考的热点,倒装句和反义疑问句每年都有涉及,而对于倒装句式的考查命题人越来越重视,他们加大了对句子结构和知识面的考查,同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度,以及句式的变化,估计今后高考试题不会降低对这些特殊句型结构的考查力度。这就要求我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结,全面把握,深入研究。因此教师在引导学生复习倒装句和反义疑问句句式时要注意如下几点:
1.含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装
2.含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装
3.“so(nor, neither)+助动词 + 主语”与“so(nor, neither)+主语+助动词”之间的区别以及与“ so + 主语+ 助动词”的句式区别
4.省略if的虚拟条件句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装
5.not until 置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装
6.only 短语置于句首引起的部分倒装
7.当陈述部分的主语是i , everyone, everything, nobody 时,后面的疑问句应表示为:
i am a student, aren’t i
everyone is in the classroom, aren’t they?
everything begins to grow in spring, doesn’t it?
nobody will go, will they?
8. 当陈述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定词时,后面的疑问句则表示为:
there are few apples in the basket, are there?
he can hardly swim, can he?
they seldom come late, do they?
9. 当陈述部分是i think 加从句时,疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。
i think chickens can swim, can’t they?
i think lucy is a good girl, isn’t she?
i didn't think he was happy, was he?
10. 陈述部分有had better 时,疑问句应用hadn’t开头:
you’d better get up early, hadn’t you?
11. 当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达:
let’s go out for a walk, shall we?
let us go out for a walk, will you?
turn on the radio, will you?
12. 反义疑问句的回答用yes, no, 但是,当陈述部分是否定形式时,回答要按事实。如:
they don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗?
yes, they do. 不, 他们工作努力。/no, they don’t. 对, 他们工作不努力。
【知识网络】 倒装句的用法
英语最基本的语序是主语在前,谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调,就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装,只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。强调性倒装和以so, neither, nor开头的句子是高考例题的热点。
(一)倒装句的意义
1、适应一定的语法结构的需要,主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。
may i come in?
was the people’s liberation army founded in 1927?
2、为了强调某一部分,而把这部分放到句首,构成倒装。
never have i been late for school this term.
so early did he come to school that no other students came.
(二)倒装的使用情况
1、在 “there be” 结构里,there是引导词,主语在be后。
there is a box on the table.
2、在疑问句中。
is she singing in the classroom?
what does your mother do?
3、在here, there等副词开头的某些句子里(要用一般现在时态)。如果主语是人称代词,主语和主要动词的词序不变。(完全倒装)
there goes the bell.
here is an apple for you.
there she comes.
4、重复倒装句型,用在以so, nor, neither开头,表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句,表示“也一样”、“也这样”;nor, neither用于否定句,表示“同样也不,也不这样”。
i am watching tv. so is she.
my parents didn’t watch tv last night. neither (nor) did i.
5、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时,主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。(完全倒装)
“very well,” said the french student.
“bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” said he.
6、在以never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副词开头的句子中,采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。
little did he say at the meeting.
never shall i forget the day when i joined the army.
比较:i shall never forget the day when i joined the army.
7、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。
only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.
only in this way can we learn english well.
注意:如果only后的词组不是状语,不需倒装。
only wang lili knows this.
8、为了表达生动,有时把表地点、方位的副词,如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首,同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词,主语和谓语动词的位置不变,只将副词放在句首。(完全倒装)
away hurried the boy.
out rushed the girl.
9、在虚拟结构中,条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是,可省去if,将这些词移至主语之前。
had i time (= if i had time), i would go and help you.
were i you (= if i were you), i would go abroad.
should he come (=if he should come), tell him to ring me up.
10、as引导让步状语从句时要倒装(形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语)。
e.g. proud as they are, they are afraid to see me.
child as he is, he seems to know everything.(child前不加冠词)
hard as he worded, he made little progress.
11、用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。
may you succeed!
long live the people’s republic of china!
12、so + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。
so happy did he feel.
such was me.
反义疑问句的用法
反义疑问句(the disjunctive question)又叫附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
1.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式
2.陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式
they work hare, don’t they?
she was ill yesterday, wasn’t she?
you didn’t go, did you?
he can’t ride a bike, can he?
一、反意疑问句的一般情况
1.当陈述部分的主语是:等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody, somebody合成代词时,附加疑问句的主语非正式文体中往往they用。(也可以按语法一致原则用单数。)
2.当陈述部分以one不定代词做主语时,附加问句的主语在正式常场用one,非正式场合用he。
3.当陈述部分的主语是不定式、动名词、从句、this或that,附加疑问句的主语用it。(是those, these则用they)
4.当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词everything, anything, nothing等,附加问句的主语用 it。
5.陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词,例如:never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等,附加疑问句的动词要用肯定形式。
6.如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀,那么该陈述句应作肯定句处理,附加疑问句应用否定形式。
二、常见句型的反意疑问句
7.当陈述部分是there be 存在句型时,附加疑问句的主语也用there。
8.感叹句的附加疑问句,其谓语要求用否定句。
9.祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题
a) 祈使句是否定形式,附加疑问句只能用will you。
b) 祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。
c) let开头的祈使句要注意:
1.let’s 在意义上包含谈话的对方在内,表示提出建议或征求对方意见,其反意疑问句往往用shall we。
2. let us 在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内,表示请求对方允许做某事的含义,let 有allow的意思。附加疑问部分用will you。
3. let me 开头表示请求,附加疑问句用will you,或用may i。
三、复合句的反意疑问句
10.当陈述部分是一个(带that引导宾语从句的)主从复合句时,附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。但是,当陈述部分的主语是:i suppose, i think, i believe, i imagine, i expect等结构时,附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语,谓语保持一致关系。而且要注意到否定的转移问题。
11.当陈述部分是i’m sure that,;we are sure;i’m afraid that;we are sure that;i feel sure that 等后面跟宾语从句时,反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。
12.当陈述部分是并列句时,附加疑问句的主谓语要和离它最近的句子的主谓保持对应关系。
四、关于情态动词的反意疑问句
13.陈述部分中有have一词,且表示“所有”含义时,附加疑问句部分既可用have也可用do。
14.陈述部分中有have to,附加疑问句部分用do。
15.含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
he ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
16.陈述部分有used to,附加疑问句部分可用used 也可以用did 。
17.陈述部分有needn’t时,附加疑问句部分用need但有时也可用must。
18.陈述部分有must,且表示“必须”时,附加疑问句部分用mustn’t,如果表示“必要”则用needn’t。
19.陈述部分中是mustn’t表示“禁止”时,附加疑问句部分用must。
陈述部分中的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推测意义时,附加疑问句部分而是根据陈述部分的谓语动词或其助动词来定。
20.陈述部分是i wish, 表示询问或征求意见,附加疑问部分用may i。
21.弄清陈述句中的’d rather = would rather;’d better = had better附加疑问句部分前者用would,后者用had。
其它特殊结构的反意疑问句
22.陈述部分的主语是each of...结构时,附加疑问句在强调整体时用they,当作个别时用he。
23.陈述部分有neither...nor...(either...or...)做并列主语,附加疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
neither you nor i am engineer, are we?
24.陈述部分是:i’m ....结构,附加疑问句一般用aren’t i?
25. 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
you'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
26. 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
he would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
27. 陈述部分有you'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
you'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
28. 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
we need not do it again, need we ?
he dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do +主语。
she doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
反意疑问句 篇3
英语词法专题讲座十五:反意疑问句
一、结构:
陈述句 + 附加疑问句?
it’s hot today, isn’t it?
二、原则:
1. 前肯后否,前否后肯
2. 前名后代
3. 时态一致
三、变法:
一疑、二否、三连、四省、五转换(名变代)。
四、特殊的附加疑问句:
1. i’m …… , aren’t i ?
i’m right, ______ ______ ?
2. there be …… , ______ there ?
there will be fewer buses in the future,____ ______?
3. 句中有反义词的句子的反意疑问句,仍把它作为肯定形式。
he is unhappy, _____ ______ ?
4. let’s 的反意疑问句为 shall we ?
let’s go to the movie together,_____ _____ ?
5. 祈使句的反意疑问句为 will you ?
don’t miss it,_____ _____ ?
6. 若陈述句部分含有never, few, little, hardly, no, seldom, nobody, nothing …否定词、半否定词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式。
he can hardly understand it , _____ ______ ?
7. 陈述句的主语为不定代词时:
1). 主语为指人的不定代词时,反意疑问句的主语用he / they.
no one was hurt, ______ _______ ?
2). 主语为指物的不定代词时,反意疑问句的主语用it.
nothing is serious, _______ _______ ?
8. 表推测的情态动词的反意疑问句,其反意疑问句与情态动词后的动词一致。
he must be at school, ______ ______ ?
9. 陈述句的主语是this, that, these, those时,反意疑问句的主语分别为 it, they.
this is a new computer, ______ ______ ?
those aren’t banana tees, ______ _______ ?
10. 当陈述句是主从复合句时, 其反意疑问句应与主句保持一致。若主句为i think / believe /suppose /imagine /expect 时,其反意疑问句应与从句保持一致。
he said that he would leave here tomorrow, _______ _______ ?
i don’t think you can do these exercises alone, _______ _______ ?
11. 陈述句中有has / have / had 时,一定要注意。
1). 若句中是 has to / have to / had to,表 “不得不” 反意疑问句的谓语用doesn’t / don’t / didn’t 进行反问.
they had to leave early, ______ ______ ?
2). 若句中是has / have / had 表“有“, 其反意疑问句的谓语用do/ does / did 进行反问。
he has few friends in the new school, ______ ______?
3). 若句中是has/ have / had +过去分词时,其反义疑问句的谓语用has/have/had进行反问。
he has never been to beijing, _____ _____?
she had studied a few english songs by the end of last month,______ ______?
五、反义疑问句的回答:
反义疑问句的回答要根据事实作答,若事实是肯定的,就用yes , +肯定形式。若事实是否定的,就用no, +否定形式。
注意:在前否后肯的句子中,yes表示“不”而no表示“是的”。
she didn’t come to school yesterday, did she ?
_________, though she was not feeling well.
a. no, she didn’t b. no, she did c. yes, she didn’t d. yes, she did
反意疑问句 篇4
反意疑问句是初中阶段英语教学的重点和难点,而这部分内容在教材中又比较分散,有必要把分散的知识 集中起来串讲,分块复习,各个击破以提高学生的综合运用能力与应试能力。下面我就分块复习,按“练─讲 ─练”程序,分四步走,谈谈这堂复习课的实施过程。
一、结构认识:
在复习过程中,我首先用幻灯片出示英语四种疑问句句型:[1]Do you often swim?[2]What are they doing now?[3]Are you a student or a teacher?[4]Our classroom is bright, isn’t it?让学生口头辨别它们各 是什么疑问句?各种疑问句有何特征?通过实例比较与辨别,学生就能从结构上很快掌握反意疑问句的特征, 这不仅复习了反意疑问句,且顺带温习了其它三种疑问句形式,增强了学生对该结构的实际运用能力,可谓温 故知新,为后面着重复习反意疑问句的用法作了铺垫。
二、用法归纳:
首先,我还是从“练”入手,用幻灯片出示教材中出现的反意疑问句,让学生用口头表达的形式,进行附 加疑问句部分的填空。接着教师针对口头表达中出现的问题,进行了有的放矢的讲解,以简洁、明快的表述方 法,用表格形式,归纳反意疑问句的用法及掌握好反意疑问句的关键。
[1]构成:
┌ 前肯,+后否
陈述句 │ ?
└ 前否,+后肯
┌ will you
祈使句,+│ ?
└ shall we
[2]用法:
a.时态、人称、数、前后一致
b.肯定、否定形式前后相反
“一致”和“相反”用红粉笔标记。
三、特例运用:
A.注意人称代词的例外
[1]如果陈述句部分的主语是不定代词nothing, something, everything时,后反意部分主语用it,如:
Nothing is too easy in the world, is it?
[2]如果陈述句部分主语是不定代词everyone, nobody, somebody, someone时,后反意部分主语用they(当强 调全体时)或he (当强调个体时)。如:
No one knows him, do they?
Someone is waiting for you, isn’t he ?
[3]如果陈述部分主语是指示代词this,that,后用it;如果是指示代词these,those,则后用they。如:
This is a nice cap,isn’t it?
These are boxes,aren’t they?
[4]如果陈述部分是there be句型,后反意部分仍用there be句型。如:
There is nothing wrong with the clock,is there?
[5]如果主语是l'm,后反意部分用aren'tl或am’tl(或ain't l,均为美国用法)如:l'm right,ar en't l?
[6]在祈使句的反意疑问句中,Let's开头,后用shall we,其它情况用will you。
B.注意肯定否定形式的例外
如陈述句部分含有no, nobody,nothing,seldom,few,little,never,hardly,neither等否定词,及too…to 句型时,后反意部分用肯定式。如果陈述句部分含有un-,in-,dis-等表否定的词缀,后反意部分则用否定式 。如:
He has never been to Beijing,has he?
lt is unfair,isn’t it?
C.注意助动词的例外
如果动词think,believe,suppose带有宾语从句时,反意部分助动词肯定、否定形式要依从句而定。如:
l don’t think he is right,is he?
四、综合操练:
教学当中尽量创设一定的语言环境,让学生在知识的运用方面,既掌握机械的语法规则,又能在口语表达 中根据实际情况进行灵活运用,比如,在反意疑问句的复习过程中,我归纳了反意疑问句的语调问题,用箭头 表述:
[1]↓,↓?[2]↓,→?
接着进行解说,然后针对中考题型,出几例口头练习,要求学生根据语气,选择升降调。
最后,教师用口诀形式归纳总结反意疑问句的要点:即:肯否交*,二位一致;不管问法,事实回答。这 样言简意赅,对整堂课有画龙点睛之妙
反意疑问句 篇5
英语:主谓一致和反意疑问句高考链接
从a、b、c、d四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ―did you go to the show last night?
―yeah. every boy and girl in the area _____ invited. (陕西)
a. were b. have been
c. has been d. was
2. ―have you heard the latest news?
―no, what _____? (全国卷i)
a. is it b. is there
c. are they d. are those
3. we live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks _____ so small that a day is unimportant. (湖南)
a. is b. are
c. has been d. have been
4. professor james will give us a lecture on the western culture, but when and where _____ yet. (浙江)
a. hasn’t been decided
b. haven’t decided
c. isn’t being decided
d. aren’t decided
5. a survey of the opinions of experts _____ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _____ good for one’s health. (江西)
a. show; are b. shows; is
c. show; is d. shows; are
6. we forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _____? (全国卷ii)
a. do you b. can we
c. will you d. shall we
7. there was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, _____? (上海)
a. wasn’t there b. was there
c. didn’t it d. did it
8. you didn’t use to like him much when we were at school, _____? (上海春)
a. were we b. weren’t we
c. did you d. didn’t you
keys: 1-8 daaab cac
反意疑问句 篇6
备战XX届高考英语(通用版)一轮复习
专题11 祈使句,反意疑问句和感叹句
【考纲解读】
从近几年的高考题可以看出,在四种简单句型中,考查的重点比较集中,主要考查反意疑问句和祈使句。作为考查点,在全国卷及地方卷单项填空中每年都以灵活、多变的形式出现。根据英语语言特点、简单句的考查今后仍是热点。
考查的重点是:祈使句和含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句及句尾的附加成分等。
主要考点有:
1. 祈使句的判断
2. 祈使句固定结构
3. 反意疑问句一般用法及特殊用法
【知识要点】
一、简单句
只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子叫简单句。按照句子的功能,简单句可分为4类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。其中陈述句中的否定式、疑问句中的反意疑问句以及感叹句的结构多为考查重点,应重点掌握。以下将对此作重点分析。
1.陈述句
陈述句包括肯定式和否定式两种(肯定式暂略)。注意以下有关否定结构的问题:
he had hardly any schooling before liberation.
not both of them want to go.(=both of them don’t want to go.)
all that glitters is not gold.
none of these answers are/is correct.
we don’t believe that he can do that.
―is xiao ming coming?
―i don’t suppose so./i suppose not./i suppose so.
hope和be afraid的肯定和否定答语分别为:i hope so./i hope not.及i’m afraid so./i’m afraid not.
2.疑问句
疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。现主要介绍反意疑问句构成。
形式:句子+简短的疑问句
(1)前面若有多个句子并列,则以最后一个句子为准;若前面部分为主从复合句,一般来说,以主句为准;但若主从复合句的主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess等,主语又是第一人称且为一般现在时、谓语又没有任何副词修饰时,简短疑问部分的动词、时态、人称则以从句为准,而肯、否定形式依主句而定。
(2)前面句子含有must,can’t,may等表推测的词时,疑问部分则依据句子的时态及时间状语而定。
(3)句子是let’s...时,后面用shall/shan’t we;前面部分是let us...祈使句时,后面用will/won’t you。
(4)前面句子是i’m ...时,后面用aren’t i;句子是i’m not...时,后面用am i。
(5)前面是感叹句时,后面跟感叹句的主谓一致,但用否定形式。
(6)当主语是anyone/anybody/everyone/everybody时,疑问部分用复数形式。
否定、肯定形式:
(1)一般说来,前后两部分的否定、肯定形式相反;但当句子前有oh,ah,so等语气词时,前面两部分的否定、肯定形式相同。
(2)前面部分有否定词或半否定词时,后面部分用肯定形式;但若前面部分含有由否定词缀构成的否定词时,后面部分还是用否定形式。
there used to be a cinema here before the war,use(d)n’t there/didn’t there?
such things ought not to be allowed,ought they?
he seldom comes late,does he?
you don’t think he can finish the work by himself,do you?
have a cup of tea,will you?
3.祈使句
表示请求、命令、叮嘱等。祈使句的主语是you,但一般被省略;当前面有呼语时,一般得补出主语you;否定式一般是前面加don’t。
在“祈使句+and/or/and then+句子”句型中,当祈使句中含有比较级时,可将祈使句中的谓语部分省略,只留下“比较级或比较级与名词+and/or/and then+句子”。
get up early tomorrow,or you’ll miss the first bus.
4.感叹句
how修饰形容词、副词或动词构成感叹句。如:
how fluently she speaks english!
what修饰名词或名词短语构成感叹句。如:
what fun!what a lovely girl she is!
【考点诠释】
考点l 祈使句的判定和特点
祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。谓语动词用动词原形。其主语是you,往往省略。常见的祈使句句型如下:
1.动词原形…如:
①lay down your arms!放下武器!
②be sure to get there before eight o’clock.一定要在8点前赶到那儿。
2.don’t或never+动词原形...。如:
never go out alone at night!不要在夜晚单独出去!
3.do+动词原形…(此句型表示强调)。如:
do tell her about it.务必将此事告诉她。
4.主语+动词原形…。如:
tom.you go and see what’s happening.汤姆,去看看发生什么事情了。
you,girls,clean the desk;you,boys,sweep the floor.你们,女生擦桌子。你们,男生,打扫地板。
5.祈使句+and/or+陈述句 (and表示顺承关系,or表示转折
关系)。如:
①use your head,and you’11 find a good way.(=if you use your head,you’11 find a good way.)动动脑筋,你会找到一种好办法的。
②hurry up,or we’11 be late.(=if we don’t hurry up,we’11 be late.)快点,不然我们就迟到了。
6.be so kind/good as+不定式…(此句型用来表达客气的请求,so kind/good as相当于kind/good enough)。如:be kind enough to lend me your dictionary.请把你的字典借给我吧。
考点2 反意疑问句
1.基本结构
如陈述部分为肯定形式,简短问句为否定形式;如陈述部分为否定形式,简短问句为肯定形式。如:
①it is a fine day,isn’t it?今天是个好天气,不是吗?
②he isn’t a teacher,is he?他不是老师,对吗?
特别提示
前半部分为否定形式的反意疑问句的答语与汉语不同。如:一tom doesn’t know it.does he?汤姆不知道这事,对吧? 一no.he doesn’t./yes,he does.对,他不知道。/不,他知道。
2.陈述部分如含有”never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/few/nobody/nothing…”等否定词或半否定词时,这部分应视为否定形式,简短问句就用肯定形式。如:
he was hardly twelve then,was he?他当时几乎不到十二岁,是吗?
3.陈述部分含有带”否定”前缀的词,则这部分应看做肯定形式,简短问句就用否定形式。如:
she dislikes the way you work,doesn’t she?她不喜欢你的工作方式,对吗?
4.祈使句的反意疑问句
肯定的祈使句,简短问句用will you/won’t you;否定的祈使句,简短问句用will you。如:
have a little more coffee.will you/won’t you?再来点咖啡,好吗?
5.陈述部分含有must表推测时的反意疑问句
陈述部分中的must表”一定,想必”等推测意义时,要根据陈述句部分的真实结构,在简短问句中采用与其相符合的助动词形式。
(1)对现在的推测:you must be hungry now,aren’t you?你此刻一定很饿,对吧?=i’m sure you’re hungry now,aren’t you?
(2)对现在进行时的推测:he must be watching tv now,isn’t he?他现在一定在看电视,对吗?:i’m sure he is watching tv now,isn’t he?
(3)对现在完成时的推测:tom must have lived here for a long time.hasn’t he?tom一定在这儿生活了很久,对吗?=i’m sure tom has lived here for a long time,hasn’t he?
(4)对过去的推测:she must have arrived yesterday,didn’t she?她昨天一定来了,对吗?=i’m sure she arrived yesterday,didn’t she?(陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语yesterday)
6.陈述部分的主语为this/that/everything等时,简短问句的主语用it。如:
everything is all right,isn’t it?一切准备就绪,是吗?
7.陈述部分的主语为everyone/everybody/anyone/anybody/nobody/no one/someone等时,简短问句的主语用he,口语中也用they。如:
everyone knows the answer,doesn’t he/don’t they?每个人都知道这个答案,对吗?
8.如陈述部分的谓语动词是wish,则简短问句用可提前的情态动词may。如:
1 wish to call on you tonight,may i?我今晚想去拜访你,可以吗?
9.陈述部分是there be句型时,简短问句的主语用there。如:
there used to be a village near the mountain,usedn’t there?山的旁边曾经有一个山村,是吗?
10.在复合句的反意疑问句中,简短问句的主谓语须与主句的
主谓语保持一致。如:
it is the first time that you have come here,isn’t it?你是第一次来这儿,对吗7
特别提示
如果陈述部分是i/we don’t think/believe/suppose/imagine+宾语从句,则简短问句的主语要与宾语从句的主语保持一致。如:
i don’t think he is forty,is he?我认为他没有四十岁,是吗?
考点3感叹句
感叹句常表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、气愤等情绪。感叹句常有以下几种情形:
1.what式感叹句
(1)what+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!如:
what a wonderful time we had yesterday!昨天我们玩得多开心呀!
(2)what+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!如:
what beautiful flowers they are!多美的花儿啊!
(3)what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如:
what fine weather it is!多好的天气啊!
2.how式感叹句
(1)how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!如:
how clever she is!她多么聪明呀!
(2)how+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!如:
how strange a feeling it was!多么奇怪的一种感情啊!
3.省略式感叹句
(1)how直接修饰谓语动词:how+主语+谓语!如:
how we love our motherland!我们是多么热爱自己的祖国啊!
(2)省略主语和谓语。如:
what an interesting book!多有趣的一本书啊!
4.特殊式感叹句
①the design and the colours!多美的图案和色彩!
②to sell such a suit as that to a millionaire!竟然把那样一套衣服卖给了一个百万富翁!
【高考链接】
1、sally's never seen a play in the shanghai grand theatre,______?
a.hasn't she b.has she
c.isn't she d.is she
2、he must be helping the old man to water the flowers,______?
a.is he b.isn't he
c.must he d.mustn't he
【答案与解析】b
3、please do me a favor―______ my friend mr.smith to youth theater at 7:30 tonight.
a.to invite b.inviting c.invite d.invited
【答案与解析】c
考查祈使句。分析句意“请邀请我的朋友……”可知有表示“请求”之含义,故选择动词原形表祈使语气。
4、 you and i could hardly work together,______?
a.could you b.couldn't i
c.couldn't we d.could we
【答案与解析】d
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句的结构为“陈述句+简略问句”,由前面有hardly,后面的简略形式是应肯定的,排除b、c两项。再根据句子的主语是you and i,故选择d项。
5、______ a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.
a.it has b.they have
c.it remains d.there remains
【答案与解析】d
考查句式。此处实际上是there be句型,用remain代替动词be,句子的主语为 a certain doubt。句意:人们当中对于这个计划的实际价值还存有疑问。
6、it's the first time that he has been to australia,______?
a.isn't he b.hasn't he
c.isn't it d.hasn't it
【答案与解析】c
考查反意疑问句。陈述部分是肯定陈述句,而且主语是it,所以反问部分应为isn't it。
7、when i called you this morning, nobody answered the phone. where__________?
a. did you go b. have you gone
c. were you d. had you been
【答案与解析】c
根据所提供的情景“when i called you this morning,nobody answered the phone.”可判断出要用一般过去时,表示“当我给你打电话时你在哪儿?”。
8、―have you heard the latest news? ―no, what ________?
a. is it b. is there c. are they d. are those
9、the little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ______ it was!
a. what a dangerous scene b. what dangerous a scene
c. how a dangerous scene d. how dangerous the scene
【答案与解析】a
感叹句通常有what,how引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。what后接名词,how后接形容词或副词构成感叹句。 scene是名词,所以what a dangerous scene it was!是正确的形式。
10、sally's never seen a play in the shanghai grand theatre,______?
a.hasn't she b.has she
c.isn't she d.is she
【答案与解析】b
考查反意疑问句。陈述部分sally's never seen是sally has never seen的缩略形式,而never是表示否定意义的副词,因此附加部分应用has。句意:sally从未在上海大剧院看过戏,是吗?
11、he must be helping the old man to water the flowers,______?
a.is he b.isn't he
c.must he d.mustn't he
【答案与解析】b
12、please do me a favor―______ my friend mr.smith to youth theater at 7:30 tonight.
a.to invite b.inviting c.invite d.invited
【答案与解析】c
考查祈使句。分析句意“请邀请我的朋友……”可知有表示“请求”之含义,故选择动词原形表祈使语气。
13、 you and i could hardly work together,______?
a.could you b.couldn't i
c.couldn't we d.could we
【答案与解析】d
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句的结构为“陈述句+简略问句”,由前面有hardly,后面的简略形式是应肯定的,排除b、c两项。再根据句子的主语是you and i,故选择d项。
14、______ a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.
a.it has b.they have
c.it remains d.there remains
【答案与解析】d
考查句式。此处实际上是there be句型,用remain代替动词be,句子的主语为 a certain doubt。句意:人们当中对于这个计划的实际价值还存有疑问。
15、it's the first time that he has been to australia,______?
a.isn't he b.hasn't he
c.isn't it d.hasn't it
【答案与解析】c
考查反意疑问句。陈述部分是肯定陈述句,而且主语是it,所以反问部分应为isn't it。
16、29.i’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus,_______?
a.hadn’t you b.wouldn’t you c.aren’t i d.didn’t she
17、21. -- andrew won't like it, you know.
-- ? i don't care what andrew thinks!
a. so what b. so where c. so why d. so how
【答案与解析】 a
本题需要根据答句的后半部分“i don’t care what andrew thinks.”(我不在乎andrew怎么想),所以前面部分应该表示andrew怎么想都无所谓。所以选so what,是“那又怎么样、无所谓”的意思。
18、when you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf,__________ ?
a. do you
b. don’t you
c. will you
d. won’t you
【答案与解析】c
don’t forget to put it back on the shelf是祈使句。祈使句的反意疑问句有两种形式,如果祈使句中含有let’s,要用shall we,否则用will you。
19、-________you _________him around the museum yet?
-yes. we had a great time there.
a.have;shown b.do;show c.had;shown d.did;show
【答案与解析】a
根据时间状语yet可判断出要用现在完成时,表示已经完成的动作,故选a项。一般现在时表示经常性的动作或存在的状态。过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即“过去的过去”。一般过去时用于表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态或在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。
20、 ---have you heard the latest news?
---no, what ________?
a. is it b. is there c. are they d. are those
反意疑问句 篇7
初中英语18种特殊的反意疑问句
1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句,用will you 多表示“请求”,用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如:
look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板,好吗?
let引导的祈使句有两种情况:
1)let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如:
let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧,好吗?
还可以用may i来表示征求对方的同意或许可。
2)let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如:
let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试,行吗?
2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如:
what fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊,是吧?
3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to,且这些词被用作实义动词时,其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。例如:
he needs help, doesn't he?他需要帮助,是吗?
4.陈述部分主、谓语是i am...时,反意疑问句用aren't i 或ain't i ,而不是am not i (可用am i not)。例如:
i'm working now, ain't i? 我在工作,是吗?
5.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如:
something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了,是吧?
6.陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如:
everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了,是吗?
no one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事,对吗?
7.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时,反意疑问句的主语用it,当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时,其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如:
this is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机,是吗?
these are grapes,aren't they? 这些是葡萄,是吗?
8.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时,反意疑问句的主语可以用one,也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如:
one should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每个人都应该乐于助人,是吧?
9.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如:
he is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到,是吗?
10.当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的,其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如:
it is unfair, isn't it? 这不公平,是吧?
11.含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构,也可以用否定结构。例如:
you got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到,是吗?
12.当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如:
what you need is more important, isn't it?你需要的东西更重要,是吧?
13.当陈述部分含i think (believe, suppose...)that... 结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如:
i don't think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来,对吗?
14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如:
they had a meeting just now,didn't they? 他们刚才开了个会,是吗?
15.陈述部分有have to 时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如:
you have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?你每天都要浇菜,对吧?
16.陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用there。例如:
there was a hospital here, wasn't there? 过去这儿有家医院,是吗?
17.陈述部分有had better时,反意疑问句中要用hadn't。例如:
we had better go to school at once, hadn't we? 我们现在最好马上去上学,好吗?
18.当陈述部分含有情态动词must时,我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定;要;必须”讲,反意疑问句须用mustn't或needn't;而当must作推测意义“一定是;必定”讲时,反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如:
he must work hard at physics, mustn't he? 他必须努力学物理,是吧?
tom must be at home,isn't he? 汤姆一定在家,是吧?
反意疑问句 篇8
反意疑问句是初中阶段英语教学的重点和难点,而这部分内容在教材中又比较分散,有必要把分散的知识集中起来串讲,分块复习,各个击破以提高学生的综合运用能力与应试能力。下面我就分块复习,按"练─讲─练"程序,分四步走,谈谈这堂复习课的实施过程。
一、结构认识:
在复习过程中,我首先用幻灯片出示英语四种疑问句句型:[1]Doyouoftenswim?[2]Whataretheydoingnow?[3]Areyouastudentorateacher?[4]Ourclassroomisbright,isn’tit?让学生口头辨别它们各是什么疑问句?各种疑问句有何特征?通过实例比较与辨别,学生就能从结构上很快掌握反意疑问句的特征,这不仅复习了反意疑问句,且顺带温习了其它三种疑问句形式,增强了学生对该结构的实际运用能力,可谓温故知新,为后面着重复习反意疑问句的用法作了铺垫。
二、用法归纳:
首先,我还是从"练"入手,用幻灯片出示教材中出现的反意疑问句,让学生用口头表达的形式,进行附加疑问句部分的填空。接着教师针对口头表达中出现的问题,进行了有的放矢的讲解,以简洁、明快的表述方法,用表格形式,归纳反意疑问句的用法及掌握好反意疑问句的关键。
[1]构成:
┌前肯,+后否
陈述句│?
└前否,+后肯
┌willyou
祈使句,+│?
└shallwe
[2]用法:
a.时态、人称、数、前后一致
b.肯定、否定形式前后相反
"一致"和"相反"用红粉笔标记。
三、特例运用:
A.注意人称代词的例外
[1]如果陈述句部分的主语是不定代词nothing,something,everthing时,
后反意部分主语用it,如:
Nothingistooeasyintheworld,isit?
[2]如果陈述句部分主语是不定代词everyone,nobody,somebody,someone 时,后反意部分主语用they(当强调全体时)或he(当强调个体时)。如:
Nooneknowshim,dothey?
Someoneiswaitingforyou,isn’the?
[3]如果陈述部分主语是指示代词this,that,后用it;如果是指示代词these,those,则后用they。如:
Thisisanicecap,isn’tit?
Theseareboxes,aren’tthey?
[4]如果陈述部分是therebe句型,后反意部分仍用therebe句型。如:
Thereisnothingwrongwiththeclock,isthere?
[5]如果主语是l'm,后反意部分用aren'tl或am’tl(或ain'tl,均为美国用法)如:l'mright,aren'tl?
[6]在祈使句的反意疑问句中,Let's开头,后用shallwe,其它情况用will you。
B.注意肯定否定形式的例外
如陈述句部分含有no,
nobody,nothing,seldom,few,little,never,hardly,neither等否定词,及too…to句型时,后反意部分用肯定式。如果陈述句部分含有un-,in-,dis-等表否定的词缀,后反意部分则用否定式。如:
HehasneverbeentoBeijing,hashe?
ltisunfair,isn’tit?
C.注意助动词的例外
如果动词think,believe,suppose带有宾语从句时,反意部分助动词肯定、否定形式要依从句而定。如:
ldon’tthinkheisright,ishe?
四、综合操练:
教学当中尽量创设一定的语言环境,让学生在知识的运用方面,既掌握机械的语法规则,又能在口语表达中根据实际情况进行灵活运用,比如,在反意疑问句的复习过程中,我归纳了反意疑问句的语调问题,用箭头表述:
[1]↓,↓?[2]↓,→?
接着进行解说,然后针对中考题型,出几例口头练习,要求学生根据语气,选择升降调。
最后,教师用口诀形式归纳总结反意疑问句的要点:即:肯否交*,二位一致;不管问法,事实回答。这样言简意赅,对整堂课有画龙点睛之妙。