Unit 3 Countries and Cities（精选2篇）
Unit 3 Countries and Cities 篇1
unit 3 countries and cities
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
第三单元 第一部分
能简单描述不同国家的人口、地理、语言等情况，并进行比较
二. 本周教学重点、难点：
1. 描述国家的人口、地理、语言等。
2. “how + adjective”疑问句，及其回答。
3. 形容词的比较级。
三. 具体内容：
（一）asking about countries, cities, and languages.
1. ―what is the capital of france?
―it’s paris.
2. ―what language do they speak in america?
―they speak english.
3. ―where is the eiffel tower?
―it’s in france.
4. ―what is the country famous for?
―it’s famous for the silk.
e.g. my country is very large. it has many beautiful lakes, rivers and mountains. most people live in the southern part of the country because it is very cold in the north. the capital of my country is ottawa. my country is called canada.
（二）questions with “how + adjective”
1. ―how long is the nile river?
―the nile river is about 6,671 km long.
2. ―how high is the great pyramid?
―the great pyramid is 137 meters high.
3. ―how far is beijing from shanghai?
―it’s about 1000km.
4. ―how deep is the grand canyon?
―it’s about …deep.
（三）comparative adjectives
形容词的原来形式在相比较概念中称做原级，与之比较，“更……的”称作比较级，“最……的”称作最高级。
形容词变成比较级和最高级的构成规则
1. 一般单音节形容词和少数双音节词变成比较级，最高级，分别在词尾加er, est.
情况 变法 例词
一般情况 加er, est tall―taller―tallest
以e结尾时 加r, st large―larger―largest
以“辅音+y”结尾时 变y为i，加er, est happy―happier―happiest
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母时 双写最后的辅音字母，再加er,est big―bigger―biggest
thin―thinner―thinnest
对少数的双音节形容词，变比较级和最高级时也是如此。
e.g. narrow―narrower―narrowest
simple―simpler―simplest
clever―cleverer―cleverest
2. 一般双音节及多音节的形容词变比较级和最高级时，都要在前面加more, most.
e.g. useful―more useful―most useful
difficult―more difficult―most difficult
3. 不规则形式。
原级 比较级 最高级
many/much more most
good/well better best
bad worse worst
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
4. 有一些形容词没有比较级。
e.g. chinese english, afraid aware alive, east west, right left, wooden golden, square round…
5. 形容词比较级的用法。
（1）所在的句子结构通常是：“含有形容词比较级的主句+引导的从句”，如从句省略，要保留同主句相比的部分及其修饰语。
e.g. my composition is shorter than hers.
i have more english books than french books.
the pen i’m using now is better than the one i used last year.
（2）相比中，出现的程度和数量之差，须置于形容词比较级的前面。
e.g. i am 2 years older than my younger brother.
your shoes are 2 sizes bigger than hers.
this book is more expensive than that one.
6. 形容词最高级的用法。
用于两者以上的比较。通常前面加定冠词，并有一个表示范围的短语或从句。
e.g. it is the most interesting book i have ever read.
john is the tallest boy in the class.
she is the best student in the school.
7. 其他用法。
（1）形容词的同级比较。
表示两者一样时，用as…as，不及……时，用 not so…as, not as…as
e.g. he is as tall as his elder sister.
i read lesson 2 as many times as lesson 1.
in winter it is not so cold in nanjing as in beijing.
（2）形容词比较级的单独用法。
are you feeling better now?
be more careful.
eat less meat and more vegetable.
he has less money.
（3）more and more 越来越
after march, the weather is getting warmer and warmer.
now our country is getting stronger and stronger.
the garden is becoming more and more beautiful.
（4）the more… the more 越是……就越
the more angry she became, the more they laughed at her.
the harder you work, the better you will do.
四. 课堂练习。
（一）单选。
1. canada is very large but russia is than canada.
a. large b. larger c. largest d. the largest
2. the aral sea continued to get .
a. small b. smaller c. smallest d. the smallest
3. the amazon river goes the country.
a. through b. across c. under d. from
4. they agreed to use water for farming than before.
a. few b. less c. little d. a little
5. life in china today is than it was in the past.
a. good b. better c. best d. the best
6. the service in this hotel is even than it was in the past.
a. bad b. worse c. worst d. the worst
（二）时态填空。
1. ―what did you do last night?
―i (surf) the internet.
2. ―what are you doing this weekend?
―i (meet) some friends.
3. he usually (go) to bed at half past ten.
4. she (visit) her grandparents last summer.
5. i (travel) around the world when i have enough money.
6. next sunday we (have) lunch in a restaurant.
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
第三单元 第二部分
能描述过去常常发生的情况和所做的动作、会简单使用不定代词
二. 本周教学重点和难点：
1.不定代词的用法
2. used to do 的用法
3.重点词组的学习
三. 具体内容：
（一）不定代词的用法
不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。
这些不定代词大都可以代替名词，且这些代词都作单数看待，在句中做主语，宾语或表语。做主语时，句中的谓语动词要用单数。
做主语使用：someone wants to see you.
做宾语使用：i know nothing about it.
做表语使用：money isn’t everything.
1. 由every构成的everybody/everyone, everything都含有概括的意思，表示一切人或事物。
e.g. everybody/everyone has a book. 每人（大家）都有一本书。
2. someone/somebody, anyone/anybody 均表示某人，something, anything均表示某物，someone/somebody, something 一般用于肯定句，anybody/anyone, anything一般用于否定句或疑问句。
e.g. there is someone / somebody in the room.
there isn’t anybody/anyone in the room.
is there anybody/anyone in the room?
3. 和some一样，somebody/someone, something有时也用于疑问句中，含有肯定的意思（表示请求，建议或反问）。
e.g. why not ask somebody to help us?
is someone coming this morning?
4. anybody/anyone, anything 也可以用来表示任何人，任何事
e.g. you can do anything you want.
5. 形容词可以修饰不定代词，但必须放在不定代词的后面。
e.g. i found nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.
注意：
1.不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数。
2.有修饰语时，须放在不定代词的后面。
3. something, anything, nothing可用it代替，someone, somebody, everyone等做主语时可用he/she或they代替，做宾语时可用him/her或them代替。
（二）used to do
表示过去常常，表示现在已不这样。
e.g. when i was in the countryside, i used to get up at five o’clock.
we used to come here every year when i was a kid.
he didn’t use to play football when he was young.=he usedn’t to play football when…
did he use to play football when he was young?= used he to play football when…?
be used to doing “习惯于”，可用become和get代替。
e.g. i’m used to living in the north.
he gets used to getting up early.
be used to do 表示被用做……
e.g. wood is used to make paper.
（三）词组学习
1. not… any more, no more, not… any longer, no longer
四者都有“不再”之意，not… any more= no more, not… any longer= no longer.
e.g. i’m no more a little girl.= i’m not a little girl any more.
she no longer lives here. = she doesn’t live here any longer.
2. complain to sb. about /of sth.
意为“抱怨，埋怨，发牢骚”。
e.g. i’m going to complain to the manager about this.
all the people complain about the food there.
3. agree to do sth. 同意做某事
e.g. we agreed to leave.
也可接表示提议，办法，计划，安排等词，意为“同意”。
e.g. i agree to this plan.
4. be good for 对……有好处
e.g. too much sun isn’t good for you.
eating more vegetables is good for your health.
5. one of them the great pyramid is 137 meters high.
英语中表示物体的长，宽，高，深的句式有：
主语+be+数字+度量单位+long/wide/ high/ deep…
主语+be+数字+度量单位+in length/width/height/depth…
e.g. his brother is 6 feet tall.
the cave is 3 meters high/ in height, 4 meters long/ in length and 2 meters wide/ in width.
［课堂练习］
一. 单选。
1. do you have to say?
a. something b. anything c. everything d. nothing
2. there’s with his eyes. he’s ok.
a. anything wrong b. wrong something c. nothing wrong d. wrong nothing
3. everything ready. we can start now.
a. are b. is c. be d. were
4. the man is nearly 2 meters .
a. old b. tall c. long d. high
5. oct 15th was one of days in . i visited peking university.
a. exciting b. more exciting c. the most exciting d. much exciting
6. hangzhou is famous producing silk in china.
a. from b. as c. in d. for
7. one of her classmates from egypt.
a. is from b. are from c. come from d. coming from
8. tokyo is beautiful city. it’s capital of japan.
a. the, a, the b. an, the, / c. a, a, the d. a, the, /
二. 时态填空。
1. i (remember) i (use) to swim in this river every day when i (be) a kid.
2. the government (try) to do something about the problem. everything will be all right.
3. ―what did you do last night? ―i (surf) the internet.
4. ―what are you doing this weekend? ―i (meet) some friends.
5. the amazon river ( go ) through the country.
6. alice (be) a famous singer when she grows up.
7. china is (long) than canada.
8. it (use) to be quieter and more peaceful.
Unit 3 Countries and Cities 篇2
unit 3 countries and cities
1. such as 1）比如，例如2）像……这样的，诸如……这类
there is a lot of fruit in the shop, such as oranges, bananas, etc.
店中有多种水果出售，比如橘子、香蕉等等。
they visited several cities such as beijing, shanghai, and qingdao.
他们游览了几个城市，如北京、上海、青岛。
an imals such as dogs and cats are called pets.
像狗、猫这类动物叫做宠物。
2. of course当然，自 然；当然可以
of course he’ll help me.
他当然会帮助我。
“are you going to see mr. green with us?” “of course!”
“你和我们一起去看望格林先生吗？”“当然！”
“may i use your telephone?” “yes, of course.”
“我可以借您的电话用一用吗?” “当然可以。“
“do you want to go back?” “of course not!”
“你想回去吗？”“当然不想!”
3. p refer to do sth.宁愿做（某事）；更喜欢……
he prefers to live among the young people.
他更喜欢和年轻人住在一起。
i would prefer not to go out today.
我今天宁愿 不出去。
he offered to drive us to the theatre, but we preferred to walk.
他愿意开车送我们去剧场，但我们愿意走着去。
4. not…any more(=no more)不再……，没有再……
we did not see him any more.
我们没有再见到他。
tom isn’t a boy any more.
汤姆不再是个孩子了。
you must not worry about it any more.
你千万别再为 这件事担心了。
5. no longer (=not…any longer)不再……
she no longer lives here.(=she doesn’t live here any longer.)
她已经不住在这里了。
he found that mr. smith was no longer working there.
他发现史密斯先生已不在那里工作了。
i can wait no longer.
我不能再等了。
6.for a long time长时间，很久
he stood there for a long time.
他在那里站了很长时间（站了半天）。
i didn’t know what to say for a long time.
我好长时间不知说什么好。
7.no water at all一点儿（水）也没有
there is no hope at all.
一点儿希望也没有。
“i’m sorry to give you so much trouble.” “oh, it’s no trouble at all.”
“对不起，给您添了这么多麻烦。”“啊，一点儿不 麻烦。”
it will do you no harm at all.
那对你毫无害处。
8.be good fo r对……有好处；适合……
milk is good for children.
牛奶对儿童有好处。
vegetables are good for our health.
蔬菜有利于身体健康。
the terrible english climate is not good for swimming.
这种糟糕的英国气候不适合游泳。
9.at the side of在……的旁边，在……的一侧
there is a big garden at the side of our house.
在我家房子旁边有一个大花园。
the child stood at the side of his mothe r.
这个孩子站在他母亲的身旁。
10.at first起初，开始时
at first they didn’t agree with us.
起初他们不同意我们的意见。
i can hardly believe my ears at first.
最初我简直认为我听错了。
there was a little trouble at first but things were soon quiet.
开始时是有点儿麻烦，但后来事情很快就平静下来。
11.both of them他（它）们俩都……
both of them are my friends.
他们两人都是我的朋友。
i invited both of them.
他们两个我都邀请了。
both of them were wrong.
他们俩都错了。
12.different from与……不同
city life is di fferent from country life.
都市生活与乡村生活不同。
this car is different from the one i drove yesterday.
这辆汽车与我昨天驾驶的那辆不同。
he’s quite different from what he was ten years ago.
他与十年前大不相同。
13.o n the other hand另一方面，而……却
he is clever, but on the other hand, he makes many mistakes.
他很聪明，但另一方面，他出了很多错。
father and mother wanted to go for a walk in the park; the children, on the other hand, wanted to stay at home.
父母想去公园散步，而孩子们却想留在家里。
i know this job of mine isn’t well paid, but on the other hand i don’t have to work long hours.
我知道这份工作报酬不高， 但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。
